A 50-year Historical Review of Archaeology Major in Northwest University, School of Cultural Heritage.

The world-famous ancient capitals Chang 'an and the land of Sanqin have very profound historical accumulation and rich cultural relics, which have created unique conditions for the establishment and development of historical archaeology in Northwest University.

Northwest University has a long history of archaeology. As early as 1938, when Northwest Associated University moved south to Chenggu, Hanzhong, the Archaeological Committee was established in the History Department. Professor Lu Maode and others investigated and excavated Zhang Qian's tomb and Fan Li's tomb, and found a number of precious cultural relics, such as the "Wang Bo Post Seal" and the green glazed pottery pedestal, and published the Report on Excavation of Stone Carvings in front of Zhang Qian's Tomb. 1939 Northwest Associated University was renamed as National Northwest University, and the Department of History set up an archaeological room to organize teachers and students to investigate the cultural relics in Hanzhong area. On this basis, Professor Lu Maode and others published papers such as Research on the Relics of Zhuge Wuhou in Hanzhong Counties, Prehistoric Culture in Hanzhong Area, and Zhou published Archaeological Records of Mianxian County. This is the earliest archaeological activity of Northwest University.

From 65438 to 0938, Huang Wenbi, one of the pioneers of modern archaeology in China, became a professor in the history department of Northwest University. From 65438 to 0942, he served as the head of the history department, offering courses such as archaeology and prehistory, and engaged in the study of northwest history, geography and archaeology. 1943 was entrusted by Northwest University to visit Xinjiang for the third time, focusing on education, culture, historical sites and antiquities (1927 to 1930, 1933 participated in the Sino-Swiss scientific investigation group initiated by Swedish scholar Sven Hedin, and inspected northwest cultural relics with emphasis on Xinjiang). During my teaching, I have successively written monographs and papers such as Archaeology of Lop Nur, Textual Research on Zhang Qian's Route to the Western Seas, and Ancient Culture and Religion of Turpan.

/kloc-in the autumn of 0/940, the Ministry of Education of the National Government organized a delegation of northwest art and cultural relics, headed by Wang Ziyun. The cultural relics in Henan, Shaanxi, Gansu and other places were investigated and a lot of information was obtained. 1in April, 945, the Ministry of Education of the National Government allocated various kinds of cultural relics, rubbings, models, grottoes, paintings, photos and other materials 100. , which was obtained by Northwest Art and Cultural Relics Investigation Team from National Northwest University over the years. The Northwest Art and Cultural Relics Investigation Team merged with the Archaeological Department of the former Department of History to establish the Northwest Cultural Relics Research Office. Wang Ziyun was hired as a professor of Northwest University and served as the Northwest Cultural Relics Research Office. Since then, Wang Ziyun and others have actively sorted out and investigated relevant materials, and found many prehistoric cultural sites in the suburbs of An, among which Yuhuazhai site has obtained a batch of pottery, stone tools and bone implements. He is the author of An Introduction to China's Practical Art in Past Dynasties, Field Investigation of Historical Relics in Northwest China, Textual Research on Tombs in Han and Tang Dynasties, Discovery of Masonry Pier in Tang Wei, Textual Research on Ancient Capital, etc. In addition, a special exhibition of epigraphy and Han and Tang tombs was held, which played a positive role in history teaching and research.

1947 in may, in order to promote the study of cultural relics in northwest China, students of history and border politics set up an archaeological society. Members of the organization visited historical sites in the suburbs on Sunday, and visited Stone Age sites in Taohe Valley of Gansu Province on holidays, and refined the investigation results into three groups of photos for exhibition. 1948 During the summer vacation, 2 1 students of the Department of Border Politics conducted an internship in Gansu and Xinjiang for more than 4 months, and made field visits to the Mogao Grottoes in Dunhuang, the ancient city of Yanqi in Tang Dynasty, the Thousand Buddha Cave in Kuqa and other places of interest. In addition, Pei Wenzhong, a famous scholar, was invited to give academic reports such as Peking Man, New Discovery of Ancient Human Culture in Weihe River and Taohe River Basin.

Mr. Chen Zhi offered the course "General Archaeology" in the history department. 1954, Chen Zhi was hired as the director of the cultural relics exhibition room. From 65438 to 0955, Mr. Li, a recent graduate majoring in archaeology in Peking University, was assigned to teach in this school, which added new strength to archaeological teaching.

During this period, Wu Bolun, Liu Shie and other teachers and students from the Department of Organizational History participated in the investigation of Maijishan Grottoes, the general survey of cultural relics in Xinjiang, the excavation of Han tombs in Anbaijiakou, and the excavation of tombs in the Northern Zhou, Sui and Tang Dynasties in zhang wan, Xianyang. These works not only accumulated preliminary field archaeological experience, but also laid the foundation for the establishment of archaeology specialty in Northwest University. Based on the urgent need for talents in cultural relics and archaeology in the country at that time, under the care of Zheng Zhenduo (then Vice Minister of Culture and Director of Cultural Relics Administration and Director of Archaeological Research Institute of China Academy of Sciences), Wang (then Deputy Director of Cultural Relics Administration) and (then Deputy Director of Archaeological Research Institute of China Academy of Sciences), Xia Nai (then Deputy Director of Archaeological Research Institute of China Academy of Sciences) and other leaders of the Cultural Relics Administration and Archaeological Research Institute of China Academy of Sciences, 1956. Later, archaeology specialization was established and archaeology specialty was formally established. In the same year, the Archaeological Teaching and Research Section was established, with Mr. Ma Changshou as the director and Mr. Wang as the deputy director, and teachers including Liu Shie and Li. "In a sense, the establishment of the archaeological specialty of West University represents an important milestone in the development of archaeology in Shaanxi and even in China" (Shi Xingbang: He Wen commemorates the 40th anniversary of the establishment of the archaeological specialty of Northwest University, published in Archaeological Relics Research, 1 page, Sanqin Publishing House, 1996).

Since 1956, archaeology has gradually established a relatively systematic teaching and personnel training system. In addition, there are several teachers (Ma Changshou, Liu Shie, Li, Jia Deyao, Cai Erjiao, etc. ) Our school also hired Guo Baojun, Shi Xingbang, Jin Xueshan, Yang Hong, Guo Yifu, Wang Bohong, Lin Shoujing and Ma Dezhi from the Institute of Archaeology of China Academy of Sciences to give lectures on Stone Age archaeology, Shang and Zhou archaeology, Qin and Han archaeology and Sui and Tang archaeology in turn.

Hou Wailu, then president, also invited Professor Emile, an archaeologist from Cairo University, Professor Harada, an archaeologist from Tokyo University, and Professor Chen from the Institute of Archaeology of China Academy of Sciences to give academic lectures on archaeology, which formed an archaeological upsurge in Northwest University.

In addition to systematic archaeological theory education, we also attach great importance to field archaeological practice teaching. From the late 1950s to the early 1960s, teachers and students majoring in archaeology successively participated in the excavation of Xingqing Palace in Xi 'an Antang and Yaozhou Kiln in Tongchuan. 1958, under the leadership of Mr. Cai Ergui, the students of the archaeological class participated in the first excavation of the Beishouling site in Baoji. During the period of 1960, students of archaeology class of grade 56 participated in the excavation of the site of Xia Meng Village in Binxian County (now Changwu County), Shaanxi Province, and found the stratigraphic evidence of Yangshao culture's Banpo type earlier than Miaodigou type for the first time, which is of great academic significance.

Since the establishment of the specialty, Ceng Qi, Duan Haoran, Huang, Han Baoquan and Guo Changjiang have stayed in school to teach, and the teaching staff has been growing. 196 1, the archaeological specialty was renamed as the archaeological specialty, but soon because the country was in a difficult period and the specialty was streamlined, the archaeological specialty was forced to stop enrolling students. Archaeological teaching activities are at a standstill.

1972, resumption of enrollment of archaeology major, reconstruction of archaeology teaching and research section, director, and deputy director Liu. Later, Wang Shihe, Dai Tongxin, Duan Lianqin, Kong and Xiao Anshun successively went to Northwest University to teach archaeology, and the teaching staff of archaeology was rebuilt. In particular, the teaching of teachers Dai Tongxin and Wang Shihe, who have rich experience in field archaeological work, has further strengthened the teaching and research of field archaeological excavation in Northwest University.

1973, Liu, Zhang Zhou and the Department of Geology of Northwest University excavated the Paleolithic site in Yumenkou, Hancheng. In the same year, Liu Shi 'e, Wang Shihe, Duan Haoran and Duan Lianqin instructed the students of Grade 72 archaeology class to participate in the excavation of Astana Tang Tomb in Turpan, Xinjiang. During the period of 1974, Liu et al. led some students of Grade 74 archaeological class to cooperate with Peking University and Shaanxi Provincial Cultural Relics Management Committee to excavate the architectural site, Zhuangbai bronze ware cellar and Yuntang bone-making workshop. In the same year, Wang Shihe, Kong and other students who directed 74 archaeological classes participated in the excavation of the Neolithic site in Jiangzhai, Lintong. From 65438 to 0975, Jia led a 74-level archaeological class to participate in the excavation of Yin Ruins in Anyang, Henan. The above excavation has not only achieved fruitful results, but also trained teachers and trained students in practice.

The teaching mode of combining theory with practice has achieved remarkable results. Starting from 1956 archaeological specialization, * * * has trained seven 130 students. Later, they became the backbone of archaeological teaching and research in China and outstanding students of famous scholars, and played an important role in the cultural archaeology in China, and many people made outstanding contributions.

During this period, archaeological research also produced a number of new achievements, which promoted the study of cultural relics in Northwest University. Among them, Ma Changshou wrote "Guanzhong Tribes from Pre-Qin Dynasty to Early Sui Dynasty" in the early 1960s, which made full use of the inscriptions to research the origin of names, geographical distribution, surname changes, marriage relations and tribal integration of ancient tribes in Guanzhong. Chen Zhi is the author of Guanzhong and Lu Tao in Qin and Han Dynasties, and an Overview of Ceramic Tiles in Qin and Han Dynasties. Among them, "Introduction to Qin and Han Ceramic Tiles" discusses in detail the writing, specifications, dating and staging, manufacturing methods and kiln sites of Qin and Han ceramic tiles, which still has important reference value for the research of Qin and Han ceramic tiles. 1977 After the resumption of the college entrance examination, with the development of China's educational reform, the development of archaeology has entered a new stage, the teaching and personnel training system has been further improved, and scientific research has made great progress, laying a solid foundation for the further development of archaeology.

After 1980, Liu Shie was appointed as the director of the archaeological teaching and research section, and the archaeological specialty continued to develop in terms of specialty and discipline construction. 1986 was awarded a master's degree in archaeology and museum science. 1988 Northwest University and Shaanxi Provincial Bureau of Cultural Relics jointly established the Institute of Cultural Relics, added the major of Museology, and established the Cultural Relics Teaching and Research Section, with Wang Shihe as the director. 1989 added the specialty of cultural relics protection technology. 199 1 ~ 1994, Dai Tongxin was then the director of the Archaeological Teaching and Research Section. From 65438 to 0994, Wang Jian became the new director of the Archaeological Teaching and Research Section. In 2002, the major of archaeology was awarded the first batch of famous brands in Shaanxi Province. In 2003, the major of archaeology and museum science was awarded the right of doctoral degree. In the same year, the Department of Archaeology (including two undergraduate majors of archaeology and cultural relics protection technology) was established, and Wang Jianwei was the new director. In 2004, Northwest University Cultural Heritage and Archaeology Research Center was established, and the Cultural Heritage Protection Planning Center was jointly established with Shaanxi Provincial Bureau of Cultural Relics, and the Archaeological Technology and Cultural Relics Restoration Laboratory was established, which greatly improved the teaching and research conditions. In 2005, Northwest University Cultural Heritage and Archaeology Research Center was approved as the key research base of philosophy and social sciences in Shaanxi universities. In the same year, the "Masonry Cultural Relics Protection and Research Base" jointly established with Shaanxi Institute of Archaeology and xi Cultural Relics Protection and Restoration Center passed the evaluation of the expert group and became the key scientific research base in National Cultural Heritage Administration. In 2006, Northwest University and Shaanxi Provincial Bureau of Cultural Heritage jointly established the Cultural Heritage College, which further strengthened the teaching and research of cultural heritage protection, planning and archaeology. After years of construction, a training system for undergraduate and postgraduate students (masters and doctors) has been gradually established, which has become one of the important bases for the training and scientific research of senior professionals in cultural relics and archaeology in China.

As far as teaching is concerned, as early as 1980s, the Archaeological Teaching and Research Section organized and compiled a series of teaching materials and bibliographies such as Primitive Social Archaeology, Shang and Zhou Archaeology, Archaeology of the Warring States, Qin and Han Dynasties and Archaeology of Sui and Tang Dynasties, and invited famous scholars such as Su, Li Xueqin, Tian Bianzhao to give lectures in our school. Since 1994, the curriculum system of archaeology has been greatly adjusted, and the basic course "General Theory of Archaeology in China" has been newly established. Seven traditional courses, including Paleolithic Archaeology, Neolithic Archaeology, Xia, Shang and Zhou Archaeology, Qin and Han Archaeology, Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties Archaeology, Sui, Tang and Five Dynasties Archaeology, and Song, Yuan and Ming Archaeology, have become targeted courses. The new curriculum system has further strengthened the teaching of field archaeology and archaeological technology courses. With the support of Shaanxi Archaeological Research Institute, xi Cultural Relics Protection and Restoration Center, Shaanxi History Museum, xi 'an Banpo Museum, Terracotta Warriors and Horses Museum of Qin Shihuang Mausoleum, Hanyang Mausoleum Archaeological Exhibition Hall, Ganling Museum, Famen Temple Museum, Joo Won? Museum, Baoji Bronze Museum and Xi 'an Cultural Relics Protection and Archaeological Research Institute, more than ten stable teaching practice bases have been established, and a practical teaching system composed of course practice and comprehensive practice has been gradually established, forming a combination of professional basic theoretical knowledge and practical work ability. In 2003, the teaching content was reformed, the syllabus of each main course was revised and formulated, and the construction of key courses was strengthened. Introduction to Archaeology of Science and Technology, presided over by Professor Zhao Congcang, was included in the national top-quality course (2005), Prehistoric Archaeology, presided over by Professor Zhang Hongyan (2004) was included in the top-quality course of Shaanxi Province, and some courses of Northwest University, such as Introduction to Archaeology of China, Field Archaeology, Archaeology of Neolithic Age and Archaeology of Sui and Tang Dynasties, were included in key curriculum construction projects. The construction of teaching materials has also been further accelerated. Textbooks such as Introduction to Archaeology of Science and Technology, Introduction to Prehistoric Archaeology of China and Introduction to Archaeology, edited by Professor Qian, have been included in the national textbook construction plan of the Tenth Five-Year Plan and the Eleventh Five-Year Plan. Introduction to Prehistoric Archaeology of China (2003) and Introduction to Archaeology of Science and Technology (2006) have been officially published by Higher Education Press. 1In September, 1993, Professor Wang Shihe presided over the "Construction of Audio-visual Assisted Teaching System for Archaeology Major" and won the second prize of Excellent Teaching Achievements in Colleges and Universities of Shaanxi Provincial People's Government; From 65438 to 0999, Qian's "Teaching Practice Reform of Archaeology Major" won the second prize of Northwest University's teaching achievement; 200 1, Professor Qian won the first prize of the first teaching plan (Neolithic Archaeology) of Northwest University; In 2003, Professor Qian won the second prize of the second teaching quality award of Northwest University. In 2004, Professor Zhang Hongyan won the first prize of the second exhibition and evaluation of teaching plan of Northwest University (Introduction to China Archaeology), the first prize of excellent teaching quality award of Northwest University in 2004, the first prize of excellent teaching achievement of Northwest University in 2005, and the first prize of excellent teaching materials of ordinary universities in Shaanxi Province.

In terms of personnel training, archaeology has always adhered to the concept of "broad caliber, thick foundation and high quality" for many years, emphasizing "three stresses", that is, attaching importance to professional basic teaching, broadening knowledge horizons and attaching importance to practical teaching links, and has trained a large number of senior professionals in cultural relics and archaeology for the country. 1977 to 2006, 27 undergraduates (including 2 undergraduates) were enrolled in archaeology, and 57 graduates1person; Twenty graduate students were enrolled, and 83 graduated with degrees. Starting from 1985, 10 enrolled 250 college students majoring in museums and culture and art. Graduates are distributed in more than 20 provinces and regions such as Shaanxi, Gansu, Ningxia, Qinghai, Xinjiang, Inner Mongolia, Shanxi, Hebei, Beijing, Tianjin, Jilin, Liaoning, Heilongjiang, Shandong, Henan, Tibet, Guangdong, Hainan, Hunan, Hubei, Anhui, Jiangxi, Jiangsu, Guizhou, Sichuan and Chongqing, and countries such as the United States, Japan, Australia and Canada. These graduates have held leading positions in provincial and municipal cultural relics departments and cultural relics units, or become well-known experts at home and abroad and business backbones of cultural and archaeological research institutions and universities in various provinces and regions. In addition, over the years, it has undertaken the training work in Shaanxi Province and National Cultural Heritage Administration, and trained hundreds of cultural relics cadres. Especially in 2003, 2005 and 2006, three training courses for directors of provincial cultural relics and archaeology institutes were held successively, and 73 directors of cultural relics and archaeology institutes in various provinces, autonomous regions, municipalities directly under the central government and cities with separate plans were trained.

In terms of scientific research, since the 1980s, the archaeology major has made full use of the rich cultural relics resources in Shaanxi and Northwest China, cooperated with field archaeology teaching to carry out field archaeological excavations, carried out fruitful archaeological research on cultural relics, formed a number of stable research directions, and published a large number of research works with remarkable achievements.

During 1980, Dai Tongxin and Zhang Zhou directed 77 classes of archaeology and presided over the excavation of the Neolithic site in Gigi Lai, hua county, Shaanxi. An early Yangshao cultural cemetery and Keshengzhuang cultural settlement site were discovered, and a large number of pottery, stone tools and bone utensils were unearthed.

198 1 year, Dai Tongxin and Xiao Anshun led 78 students to participate in the excavation of Qin Gong site in Xianyang, Shaanxi Institute of Archaeology.

1982, Wang Shihe and Zhang Hongyan directed the Class of 79 Archaeology and presided over the excavation of Bauhinia Site in Shangxian County, Shaanxi Province. A large number of cultural remains and relics of Laoguantai, Yangshao, Qujialing and Keshengzhuang were discovered.

During the period of 1983, Dai Tongxin and Duan Haoran led 80 archaeological students to participate in the excavation of the old Guantai cultural site in Baijia Village, Lintong, China Institute of Social Sciences and Archaeology.

1984 ~ 1987, 199 1, 1993, Wang Shihe,,, Qian and others presided over the excavation of Fufeng chopping board site in Shaanxi. A large number of remains and relics of Yangshao culture and the early Longshan period with important academic value have been discovered. More than 8 1, 84/90 archaeological classes and double-degree classes, 85 cultural classes, cultural relics cadres from relevant counties and cities in Shaanxi province, and overseas students 100 people participated in the archaeological excavation practice or training of the chopping board site, which became the archaeological practice base that trained the most students in the 1980s.

From 1985 to 1989, Liu and others presided over the excavation of the site of Anlaoniupo (including the temple), and * * * discovered the remains of the late Neolithic period and a number of very important remains and relics such as Shang Dynasty cemeteries, chariots and horses pits and building foundations. There have been 83-and 86-level archaeological classes and some graduate students doing archaeological practice here, which has achieved equal emphasis on teaching and scientific research.

During 1985, 82 archaeological teams including Dai Tongxin, Zhang Zhou and Wang excavated the Shizuitou site in Baoji, Shaanxi. Found caves in Longshan period and a large number of pottery, stone tools, jade and bone utensils.

During the period of 1988, Dai Tongxin and Fu Yong led the 85-level archaeological class to excavate the site of Sigengkala in Hualong County, Qinghai Province, which provided new materials for the study of Kayo culture.

During the period of 1990, Wang Shihe,, and Qian led the students of Grade 87 archaeology class and Japanese student Kato Gaogu to participate in the excavation of Han tombs, Sui and Tang tombs in Chang 'an Beiyuan (Instrument Factory). In the same year, Liu Shie and Zhao Congcang directed the 88-level archaeological team to excavate the Baoshan site in Chenggu, Shaanxi for the first time. Up to 200 1, Baoshan site was excavated for three times, and a large number of Shang barbecue pits, architectural sites and tombs were found, which provided new important information for exploring Bashu culture in Hanzhong area.

199 1 year, Zhao Congcang and Zhang Keping instructed some students of the 89 Archaeological Class to excavate the site of Chaiwobao in Urumqi, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region and the cemetery of Qizil in Baicheng County.

1993, Dai Tongxin, Duan Haoran and Ran Wanli led some students to discover the Tang Taiping Square and the actual temple ruins on campus for the first time. After that, the campus cultural relics excavated and collected over the years were accumulated, and the campus archaeological showroom was set up in the History Museum of Northwest University, which became a major feature and highlight of Northwest University.

1994, 1995 Archaeological Class, Ran Wanli, Director 9 1 92 excavated Bancun site in Mianchi, Henan Province and Yuanqu ancient town site in Shanxi Province, and cooperated with relevant scientific research units to conduct comprehensive research on Bancun site in animal and plant archaeology, environmental archaeology and anthropology, which had great influence.

1996, Wang Shihe, Wang, Ran Wanli, Liu Ruijun and other 93-grade archaeological classes excavated the site of Tang Chonghuafang in Taoyuan Campus of Northwest University, and unearthed a large number of Tang Dynasty relics such as "Steps" and Tang Sancai.

Starting from 1997, archaeology major began to undertake major archaeological excavations and scientific research projects of national capital construction. From 65438 to 0997, Chen Honghai and Liu Ruijun presided over the excavation of cave sites in Xiaolangdi reservoir area. 1997 to 2004,,, Qian,, Ran Wan Li and Liu Ruijun successively presided over the excavation and research of Wanzhou Zhongbazi, Shangzhongba, Yujiahe, Baihegou and Wuxi Peace Sites in Chongqing Three Gorges Reservoir Area. In 2006, Chen Honghai and Ran Wanli presided over the excavation of Xishuibei Site in Laishui County, Hebei Province and Yaozhai Site in zhenping county, Henan Province.

Archaeology major started the cultural investigation and research plan of ancient nomadic people in northwest China in 2000. From 2000 to 2002, Wang Jianxin and Liu Ruijun cooperated with the Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeology in Xinjiang and Gansu provinces to investigate and study the cultural remains of ancient nomadic people in northwest China, and tried to excavate the Panjiazhuang site in Anxi, Gansu and the Xitugou site in Dunhuang. In 2003, Wang Jianxin presided over the key project of National Cultural Heritage Administration "Archaeological Investigation of Qin and Han Remains in Eastern Xinjiang and Northwest Gansu" to investigate the related remains in Mazongshan area of Hami, Xinjiang. In 2003, Qian He led some students majoring in archaeology in the year of 2000 to participate in the excavation of ancient nomadic cemeteries in the Jilintai reservoir area of Nilek, Yili, Xinjiang and the Tesaqibuqi reservoir area, which provided new important materials for the study of nomadic culture from the Warring States to the Han Dynasty. In the same year, Zhao Congcang led some students majoring in archaeology in grade 2000 to excavate the Xihetan site in Jiuquan, Gansu Province, and found the settlement site in the early Bronze Age, which attracted wide attention from academic circles. In 2006, hosted by Wang Jianxin, with the participation of some graduate students from Northwest University, Peking University, China People's University and Nanjing University, the Donghegou site in Balikun was excavated, and a number of important relics such as sacrificial platforms, residences and tombs were found, which made some remarkable research achievements in the study of ancient nomadic culture.

In 2003, with the support of Shaanxi Provincial Cultural Relics Bureau, the Archaeological Department of Northwest University cooperated with Shaanxi Archaeological Research Institute and other units to start the project of "Archaeological Research on Ancient Land", and Qian et al. conducted an investigation on ancient sites in Binxian, Xunyi and Chunhua areas of Shaanxi Province. In 2004, Chen Honghai, Liu Ruijun and Chen Liang instructed the students of Grade 200 1 to excavate the Xiaweiluo site in Xunyi, Shaanxi Province, and found a number of cave dwellings and pottery kilns in Longshan era, among which a new kiln site that may be dedicated to burning lime was found. In 2006, Ms. Qian and Ms. Wei directed the students of the class of archaeology in 2003, presided over the excavation of Zaoshugounao site in Chunhua, Shaanxi Province, and found the settlements in the early Zhou Dynasty and a large number of snake-shaped pottery with their own characteristics. It provides new materials with important academic value for studying the formation of pre-Zhou culture and its relationship with the culture of the northern bronze age.

In 2004, the teachers and students of the Department of Archaeology participated in the early Qin cultural research project jointly implemented by Gansu Provincial Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeology, Shaanxi Provincial Institute of Archaeology, Peking University, Northwest University and National Museum, and investigated the ancient site of Lixian County in Longdong. In 2005, teachers Wang Jianxin, Zhao Congcang and Chen Liang presided over the excavation of Xishan Site in Lixian County, Gansu Province, and guided the students of the 2002 archaeological class to obtain a large number of cultural and archaeological materials of the early Qin Dynasty, such as tombs and sacrificial remains.

In 2005, based on many years' research on Chenggu Baoshan site and Chengyang bronze wares in the upper reaches of Hanshui River, Northwest University, Sichuan Institute of Archaeology, Gansu Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeology and other units jointly launched the pre-Qin cultural investigation and research project in the upper reaches of Hanshui River, and Zhao Congcang presided over the preliminary investigation.

On the basis of the above archaeological excavations and investigations, the academic research of archaeology has maintained a strong momentum in recent ten years, and has achieved fruitful results in prehistoric archaeology in China, archaeology in Xia, Shang and Zhou Dynasties, archaeology in Qin and Han Dynasties, archaeology in Sui and Tang Dynasties, cultural exchanges between China and foreign countries, and research on ancient cultural relics in China. He has undertaken more than 40 scientific research projects at the national, provincial, ministerial and bureau levels. He has published more than 300 academic papers in various journals at all levels. Among them, more than 0/00 research papers/kloc have been published in authoritative core academic journals at home and abroad, such as Journal of Archaeology, Ethnic Studies, Archaeology, Cultural Relics, and Historical Studies of China. He has published 25 academic works and 2 translated works. Among them, Professor Liu Shie's Old Niupo, Professor Wang Shihe and Professor Zhang Hongyan's Excavation Report of Fufengtai Site in Shaanxi, Professor Wang Jianxin's Cishan Temple and Linxi Bridge, and Professor Zhao Congcang's Excavation Report of Chenggu Baoshan Site reflect the important achievements of field archaeological excavation and investigation in recent years. In addition, Professor's Bronze Culture in Northeast Asia, Professor Wang's Research on the Exchange between Ancient Chinese and Japanese Capital Cities and Cultural Relics, Professor Dai Nanhai's and Professor Dai Nanhai's Tips for Cultural Relics Appraisal, Professor's Appraisal of the Authenticity of Chinese Bronzes, Professor Qin's Collection, Professor Zhao Congcang's Ancient Jade Articles in China, Professor Qian's Research on Prehistoric City Sites and the Origin of Civilization in China, and authoritative and international Among them, Wang Shihe and others' Excavation Report of Fufeng Banban Site in Shaanxi Province and Qian's Study on Prehistoric City Sites and the Origin of Civilization won the first prize of outstanding achievements in humanities and social sciences in colleges and universities in Shaanxi Province in 2003; Wang Jianxin's "Tsz Shan Monastery and Linxi Bridge" and "Classification of Bronze Sword in Northeast Asia" won the second prize for outstanding achievements in the 7th Shaanxi Humanities and Social Sciences in 2004, and Zhao Congcang's "Chenggu Baoshan" won the third prize for outstanding achievements in the 7th Shaanxi Humanities and Social Sciences in 2004.