The Cultural History of Anyang County

Anyang county has a long history and splendid culture. Humans lived here 25,000 years ago. There are many remains of Yangshao culture and Longshan culture in the Neolithic age in the county. Since Shang King Pan Geng moved to Yin, seven dynasties have established their capitals here, and Anyang has become the political, economic and cultural center of the Central Plains several times. As a county-level administrative region, Anyang was first located in the State of Qin. The Han Dynasty was abolished and the Jin Dynasty was reinstated. During the Eastern Wei Dynasty, it was merged into Ye County, and the Sui Dynasty was renamed Anyang County from Ye County. After more than a thousand years, although the ownership has changed, it has continued to this day as a county-level organizational system.

Tallinn, Lingquan Temple Grottoes Statue, Xiaonanhai Beiqi Grottoes, Xiuding Temple Tangta Brick Carving, Ximen Doctor Temple Monument Regular Script Method, the gorgeous rhetoric of "Han Ling Pian Shi" and the macro-scale system of Yonghe Stone Bridge in Song Dynasty all shine with the brilliance of ancient culture, which shows the glory and civilization of Anyang, the ancient capital of China. As early as 25,000 years ago in the late Paleolithic period, human ancestors lived here. "Lishui Anyang is worthy of the name, and it was the imperial capital three thousand years ago." There are many scenic spots in the ancient county of Central Plains assisted by the Seven Dynasties. Yin Ruins in Anyang is the earliest recorded ancient capital site in China. There are more than 500 cultural sites in Yangshao, Longshan, Shang and Zhou Dynasties. In Hongyan Village, Qugou Town, stone millstones used by human beings in the Neolithic Age more than 8,000 years ago, the earliest existing adobe house excavated at the Longshan Cultural Site in Balizhuang, the world's oldest 19-channel white porcelain Weiqi board, China's largest ten thousand buddhas' wisdom body Tallinn, Lingquan Temple Grottoes, the first ancient temple in Heshuo, Xiaonanhai and Beiqi Grottoes, and other rare art treasures of brick carving in the world were found in neat regular script. The county has 3 national key cultural relics protection units, 8 provincial cultural relics protection units and 85 county-level cultural relics protection units.

Xiaonanhai primitive cave site is a key cultural relic protection unit in Henan Province, and it is a lava cave. The lower culture of the cave is 25,000 years ago, and the upper culture is10.3 million years ago. This cave site is the first late Paleolithic cultural relic found in North China, and it was named "Xiaonanhai Culture".

After archaeological excavation, the Great Cold Site has a thick layer of cultural relics, ranging from 2 meters to 8 meters thick, including pottery pieces, houses, tombs and kiln sites. It is a relic from Yangshao to Shang and Zhou Dynasties. It is a provincial key cultural relics protection unit.

There are ruins of Song and Yuan porcelain kilns on the upstairs slope, which is a provincial-level cultural relics protection unit. The site is more than 200 meters long from north to south and 100 meters wide from east to west, and the thickness of ceramic debris accumulation layer is 2 meters to 3.5 meters. There are kiln sites, kiln furniture, ceramic tiles, carbon slag and so on.

The site of the Battle of the Han Mausoleum was Yongan in the Northern Wei Dynasty for three years. Gao Huan, the secretariat of Jinzhou, fought Er Zhuzhao in the Han Mausoleum Mountain, winning more with less. Later, the Eastern Wei Dynasty was established.

Quecheng Site is located in Zunguitun Village, with Weihe Stone Bridge in the south, Jiang Tai in the northwest and Guangrunpi in the east. Existing city wall foundation site and Tang Dynasty city gate site.

Yanfu city site was built in Jin, and the existing city wall base site. The original moat outside the city wall, the existing traces, vaguely discernible.

Cao Cao's Tomb The tomb of Cao Cao, the king of Wei Wu, was excavated in Anfeng Township, Anyang County on February 27th, 2009. According to the combination of literature and archaeological evidence, it is determined that Cao Cao's cemetery is here. There are the remains of a man and two women in the grave. The owner of the grave is a man. He was 60 years old when he died, which is consistent with the year when Cao Cao died recorded in history. There are many articles and other written materials with the words "King Wu of Wei" in his funerary objects to prove his identity. The discovery of this cemetery ended people's doubts about the address of Cao Cao's cemetery for thousands of years, solved the so-called "seventy-two suspected graves" and provided valuable information for people to study the history of Han and Wei dynasties more deeply. The folk customs in Anyang County are diverse in form and rich in content.

Coin flat food, in 30 packs of flat food, several coins are wrapped in flat food. Whoever eats coin flat food at breakfast on the first day will be blessed in this year, which will bring great fun to the whole family, old and young. People are scrambling to get up early, especially children. They make an exception and eat more flat food to make the whole family laugh.

Send lanterns. On the evening of 30th, every household in the south of the county will connect the pillars with paper lanterns and send them to the graves for lighting all night, so that ancestors can celebrate the New Year with others. This lamp was brought back in the morning of junior high school.

Door stopper On the evening of 30th, people used to put a peach symbol on the threshold of the gate. If there is no mahogany, use other wooden sticks to prevent wild ghosts from entering the house.

Keeping the New Year is also called "keeping the old". According to folklore, 30 nights, as long as you have perseverance, you will wait until God's daughter opens the worse gate to bless the world. If you go to bed early, you won't be happy. People have good wishes. Every year on the 30th night of the twelfth lunar month, the whole family chats endlessly, taking this opportunity to enjoy family happiness. Housewives should also set up incense tables for sacrifice, hold candles all night and burn incense five times. It is forbidden to talk loudly at night, so as not to disturb the gods; It is forbidden to dismantle cabinets to avoid running away with money; Don't look in the mirror and take a wooden comb to avoid ghosts; It is forbidden to see knives and scissors, so as not to break the house; It is forbidden to sweep the floor to avoid the outflow of gold and silver; It is forbidden to pour urinals, so as not to defile the gods. On New Year's Eve, leftovers are thrown away. This is called the New Year's Eve dinner next year. When you get up early on the first day of the Lunar New Year, you must throw away the leftovers, which is not only a good sign. After 1980, new content was added to the Lunar New Year, and many families with conditions gathered around the TV to watch wonderful TV programs. In the early hours of the morning, young people in every household held guns in their right hands, struck a light with their left hands, stepped on the door with their right feet, stepped on the door with their left feet, looked at the TV screen with their eyes open, and stood in a posture of nodding their heads and firing guns. As soon as the TV screen arrived, with the melodious bell, firecrackers rang in unison in thousands of households, and various colored cannons such as firelight, fireworks and two rings decorated the sky brilliantly.

On the first day of kowtowing, after people stop eating flat food tomorrow, the younger generation kowtows to their elders at home first, and then kowtows to other families (usually their own families) in groups to pay New Year greetings. Except for a venerable old man, the rest of the family went to the neighbor's house, and even Sanliwu Village paid New Year greetings to relatives and new friends. If the younger generation is a child or a newly married daughter-in-law, the elders should give some lucky money.

The order of visiting relatives is: nephew goes to grandma's house, daughter goes to mother's house with her husband, and then goes to aunt, aunt and sister's house. Except for special circumstances, we should all go back to worship. There is a folk saying that the first and second days are beautiful, and the third and fourth days are very suitable for worship festivals.

It is superstition that the fifth day of the first month is the fifth day. People think that the fifth, fourteenth and twenty-third days are unlucky days. The fifth day of the first month is the first unlucky day after the year, so it is very taboo to visit relatives and friends. The backlog is all prepared by the family to improve their lives. On this day in Yin Shi, housewives also took out a little ash from the stove and sent it to the crossroads of the street, commonly known as sending poor ash.

During the period from December 30 to the fifth day of the first month of the lunar calendar, all children will not be beaten and scolded. They will eat well, dress beautifully and have fun. Even if they make mistakes, they will not be beaten and scolded. This is a rule handed down from the older generation. If you beat and scold children, you will be condemned by everyone.

Huaidiao, 20 10 "Huaidiao" in Anyang County, Henan Province was selected as the third batch of traditional drama categories in the national intangible cultural heritage list, with serial number 8.