The custom of Double Ninth Festival after Liao Dynasty?

The Double Ninth Festival has a long history and is a treasure of traditional folk culture in China. In the long years, the Double Ninth Festival and its customs have evolved and developed, forming rich connotations. Then today's calendar will introduce the custom of Double Ninth Festival after Liao Dynasty.

Liao, Jin and Yuan Dynasties: The ninth day of September when the Khitans were hunting in Northeast China was a sacrifice to heaven, and Chongyang was an inherent traditional custom of the Khitans. On this day, the emperor will lead his ministers to hunt tigers. Those who catch more will win, those who catch less will lose, and those who lose will be punished. In the Jin Dynasty, the Double Ninth Festival was still dominated by shooting sacrifices to the sky, unlike Han people who liked to enjoy chrysanthemums and climb mountains.

Influenced by Mongolian customs in the Yuan Dynasty, kumiss was sprinkled on September 9th and April 9th. The royal family also began to learn from Han Chinese to appreciate chrysanthemums and hold banquets. There are chrysanthemum festivals and polo matches in the palace.

Ming dynasty: Chongyang held a banquet in Ming dynasty, and the custom of climbing was strong. The court will also give the minister a holiday. Another custom different from the previous generation is eating persimmons.

Speaking of the relationship between Double Ninth Festival and persimmon, it was advocated by Zhu Yuanzhang, the founder of Ming Dynasty. One year, Zhu Yuanzhang went out of the city incognito and felt hungry and thirsty. He saw a red persimmon tree, so he picked it and ate it 10. After returning to the palace, he ordered the persimmon to be named Ling Shuanghou, so that everyone in the world could eat persimmons as a souvenir on the Double Ninth Festival.

Since then, the custom of eating persimmons in Chongyang has continued until the Qing Dynasty. Many persimmons were sold at temple fairs on September 9 in Taishan and Qianfo Mountain, Shandong Province. Everyone called it the Persimmon Fair. "July walnut, August pear, September persimmon." This is a local proverb.

Qing Dynasty: Double Ninth Festival has become an "ordinary festival" in the early Qing Dynasty. In the 13th year of Shunzhi, the ritual system was "only beginning of spring, Shangyuan, April 8th, Duanyang and Double Ninth Festival are ordinary festivals". The emperor will also hold a banquet on the Double Ninth Festival, and ministers will also compose poems at the banquet.

At this time, the folk double ninth festival has become an important part of their life schedule, and has produced some local festivals and customs. For example, in some places in North China and Northeast China, Chongyang is also called Daughter's Day. On this day, the bride's family will welcome her married daughter back and eat chrysanthemum cake.

In Baoding, Hebei and other places, it is still necessary to chase festivals. Family members should bring gifts when they get married and visit relatives, not only their peers and sisters, but also their aunts. The gifts they carry mainly include steamed bread, steamed buns, cakes and dried noodles.

In some areas of the Yellow River basin, there is also the custom of offering sacrifices to gods and ancestors on the Double Ninth Festival. For example, Pingyao and Datong in Shanxi offer sacrifices to heaven and earth on this day, Xihua in Henan offers sacrifices to gods with fresh fish, and Qingjian in Shaanxi goes to Wang Yao Temple to burn incense on this day. In some places in Shandong, it is said that this day is the birthday of the god of wealth, and every household has to bake sesame cakes for sacrifice.

Hua county, Jixian and other places in Henan Province also worship the God of Wealth. The area around Long Island and Wendeng in Shandong Province is called Chongyang Ghost Festival, and every family has to go to the grave to worship their ancestors. Strangely, there is a wind of cooking stoves on Chongyang in Pujiang, Zhejiang Province, and there is a local proverb that "the cooking stoves on Chongyang are getting higher and higher".

The custom of the Small Double Ninth Festival, which began in the Tang Dynasty, is also quite popular in modern times. In Laifeng, Xuan 'en and other places in Hubei, September 9th is the Small Double Ninth Festival, and September 19th is the Big Double Ninth Festival.

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