The more detailed the historical events in Neihuang, the better, in case of emergency!

Neihuang, located in the old course of the Yellow River, has a long history, splendid culture, many places of interest and rich humanistic connotation, and is one of the birthplaces of Chinese civilization. As early as 4,500 years ago, Zhuan Xu and Di Ku, among the "Five Emperors" who played an important role in historical development, established their capital and founded their country here. After death, they were buried in "Dunqiu Yinboye", which is now Liangzhuang Town, Neihuang County. Sun Tian, the14th generation of Di Ku, once established the Shang Dynasty in this area. Today, there is a "Tianyi" village in Shi Tian Township in the north of Neihuang. The tenth king of Shang Dynasty, Taiwu, built Bo City as the capital, and now Liu Cifan Village has Wuling in the generations of Shang, China and Song San. "Rivers merge" and "Zu Ti moves from one side to the other" lasted for more than 300 years. During the Spring and Autumn Period, the doctor was later named the Queen of Song Dynasty by posthumous title. The fifth year of Qin Shihuang (2 16 BC). Zhao Jiang is also quite "attacking Wei and taking advantage of Yang", that is, the northwest high city of Chu. In the third year of Qin Ershi (207), Xiang Yu was killed, "cross the rubicon", led the troops to cross the Zhanghe River, attacked Qin to save Zhao, and was also near the town of Chu Wang today. Chu Bawang Temple and Yi Song's Tomb are both in the King of Chu. Cao Cao's idea of "preventing Qi water from entering Baigou eastward" is in the upper reaches of Weihe River today. Yue Fei, a national hero, also has a historical story of "Born in Tangyin and Growing in Inner Yellow". Now there are Shiweng Village, Qilin Village and Yuefei Temple.

Zhuan Xu Mausoleum

Key cultural relics protection units in Henan Province. The mausoleum is located in San Yang Gang, Liangzhuang Town, Neihuang County, and is called "Gaowang Temple" and "Second Mausoleum" by the people. It is the tomb of Zhuan Xu of Levin and Di Ku of Gaoxin in the ancient "Three Emperors and Five Emperors". According to historical records, the mausoleum was built in the Han Dynasty, the temple was built in the Tang Dynasty, and it was repaired in the Song Dynasty, rebuilt in the Jin Dynasty, and repaired many times in the Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties. In the past, the building was magnificent, simple and elegant, with many stone tablets and lush pines and cypresses. It was buried by yellow sand in the late Qing Dynasty and was rediscovered on 1986 when the sand was cleared. The mausoleum of Emperor Zhuan Xu, two tombs stand side by side. It was confirmed by archaeology that they were all built in the early Han Dynasty and renovated in the Yuan Dynasty. There are Imperial Bridge, Imperial Road, Shinto Road, Water Well, Mountain Gate, Lingxing Gate, Temple, Sleeping Hall and Appreciation Hall. Among them, the memorial tablet 165 of past dynasties is simple and vigorous, which records the history of the mausoleum. Zhuan Xu Mausoleum has the symbols of Yuan and Qing Dynasties, and Ku Mausoleum has the symbols of Ming Dynasty. It is rare for the tombs of Yuan, Ming and Qing dynasties to stand in front of the tombs of two ancient emperors.

Zhuan Xu Mausoleum is rich in cultural connotation and has high historical, scientific and cultural values. This is valuable information for studying the tombs of ancient emperors. There are a lot of muddy and red-topped pottery pieces mixed with sand in the mausoleum area, and relics from Longshan culture period are also found. A dragon and tiger totem carved with clam shells was found in Yangshao cultural site in Xishuipo, Puyang, 25 kilometers away from the mausoleum, which was consistent with the legendary "Five Emperors" period. Among the relics in the mausoleum area, there are 165 imperial tablets since the Yuan Dynasty, which fully proves China people's respect for Zhuan Xu and Di Ku, and shows that the sacrificial activities have lasted for thousands of years, which is also very rare in the tombs of ancient emperors in China. These imperial tablets truly record the rise and fall history, cultural characteristics and memorabilia of each dynasty. They are important materials for studying the official positions, regional customs and the evolution of administrative districts in past dynasties, and are also rare treasures of calligraphy and stone carving.

Zhuan Xu and Di Ku are among the "Five Emperors", inheriting Yan Huang in the past and Yao and Shun in the later, creating and developing splendid Chinese civilization, reforming and inheriting the traditional sacrificial culture, and laying and enriching the surname culture. They are recognized as the origins of hundreds of surnames in the research field of China surnames' root-seeking culture, and play an important role in the formation and continuation of the Chinese nation, and are regarded as the ancestors of Chinese culture. The Mausoleum of Emperor Zhuan Xu is a representative historical and cultural heritage, known as the birthplace of China's sacrificial culture and surname culture, and the sacred place for Chinese ancestors to seek their roots. Now it is the key open scenic spot of "Henan Cultural Heritage Day".

Sanyangzhuang Han Dynasty settlement site

National key cultural relics protection units. The site is located on the west side of Yang Gang Zhuan Xu Mausoleum in Liangzhuang Town. It was excavated in the summer of 2003. So far, nine ruins of courtyards in Han Dynasty have been found, with an area of about 9,000 square meters. At present, a large number of important relics have been cleared up, including roof tiles, walls, wells, toilets, ponds, farmland, Woods, ridges, etc., and a number of precious cultural relics reflecting the production and living conditions in the late Western Han Dynasty have been unearthed.

The discovery of Sanyangzhuang settlement site in Han Dynasty reveals the courtyard and farmland objects that reflect the production and living conditions of the middle and lower classes in Han Dynasty for the first time in China, which not only fills the gap in archaeological research, but also studies the farming civilization, farming system and land distribution system in Han Dynasty. Research on general residential buildings and their technology in Han Dynasty: Studying the history of the Yellow River, such as the changes of the Yellow River channel, provides valuable and important physical materials. The discovery of the Han settlement site in Sanyangzhuang has aroused widespread concern at home and abroad. Many well-known archaeological experts and historians in China agree that Sanyangzhuang Han settlement site is the most important archaeological discovery in China in the past two years. "Its value and significance cannot be overestimated!" Many media rushed to report this amazing archaeological discovery, saying that Sanyangzhuang site "will change the agricultural history of China" and "is the ancient city of Pompeii in China". Its protection, development and utilization have great value and unlimited space, and it is an extremely precious historical and cultural heritage. Sanyangzhuang Han Dynasty site is of great value and far-reaching significance. In 2005, it was selected as one of the top ten new archaeological discoveries in China and included in the protection scope of national key sites in the 11th Five-Year Plan.

Shangzhongzong Taiwuling

Key cultural relics protection units in Henan Province. The mausoleum is located in Liucifan Village, Bo Town, Neihuang County. It is the tenth king of Shang Dynasty, Taiwu Mausoleum, and the only Shang Mausoleum in China. According to records, the mausoleum was built in the Han Dynasty, renovated in the Tang Dynasty, rebuilt in the Song Dynasty, and repaired and built many times in the Ming and Qing Dynasties. The Book of History contains: "Emperor Taizu, the grandson of the 21st century, and the brother of Shang Yong." According to records, it moved from Bo to Tao (also known as Wei, now Zhengzhou). He moved from the hustle and bustle of Qijia (today's Neihuang Bocheng). Taiwu went on to do business diligently, and was buried in the southeast of Haocheng after his death. He reigned for 75 years. "Neihuang County Records" contains: "The tomb of Emperor Zhongzong of the Shang Dynasty is twenty-five miles southwest of the county seat. The mausoleum is more than five feet high, and dozens of temples in Zhang Xu are surrounded behind it. There are five main halls, with pavilions next to them, double temple gates and monuments in front of them to celebrate the Spring and Autumn Festival. " In the past, the city was built outside the mausoleum, covering an area of 4.5 mu, with ancillary facilities such as Tai Wuling, the tomb of concubines, the dense forest of ancient cypresses, numerous sacrificial monuments and official halls. The stone tablet "Inscription and Preface of Shang Dynasty Ancestral Temple Newly Built in the Seventh Year of Song Kaibao (AD 974)" is 6.45 meters high, 1.6 meters wide and 0.59 meters thick, which is one of the rare large-scale ancient monuments in Henan Province. Exquisite carving, vigorous calligraphy and rich inscriptions have high historical and artistic value.

Daxing temple tower

Key cultural relics protection units in Henan Province. Located in the southwest of Neihuang County 17.5km, it is adjacent to Dashagang in the southeast, adjacent to Laotapo, and surrounded by four thousand mu of Sophora japonica forest. The tower was built in the third year of Tang Wude (AD 620), and it still stands tall after many earthquakes and floods. Daxing Temple Tower is a seven-story brick octagonal tower with dense eaves, a height of 18.7m and a circumference of15.6m. Except for brick carving, the whole tower body is made of bricks, with sharp edges and corners and a smooth surface. The interior of the tower is solid masonry, and each floor of the tower is covered with bricks, which are closely connected. The eaves are decorated with brick arches and lotus petals that imitate wood structures. According to legend, Daxing Temple Tower was built on the edge of the Yellow River in the town. It is one of the eight scenic spots of the ancient Yellow River, and it is known as "the autumn shade of ancient pagodas". It is said that "the temple destroyed the tower and isolated the Pingsha wilderness, with high air cooling and autumn, clear shade and distant shade, and it can also be a monument."

Beam-less hall

Key cultural relics protection units in Henan Province. The temple is located in the west of Zuitou Village, Gaodi Township, 25 kilometers southwest of Neihuang County. Originally the main hall of Xuanwu Emperor Temple, it was named after the building without beams. Emperor Xuanwu Temple was built in the Yuan Dynasty, and was renovated in the Wanli period of the Ming Dynasty, the 9th year of Chongzhen (A.D. 1336) and the 20th year of Qing Daoguang (A.D. 1864). The original main hall, annex hall, mountain gate, etc. , covering an area of 10 mu. In the past, the halls were magnificent and the ancient trees were towering. However, due to disrepair and subsequent man-made destruction, only the main hall was preserved, which has been basically preserved to this day. In the west and east of Wuliangdian block, the width of the three rooms is 6.9 meters, the depth is 5 meters and the height is 7 meters. It is a masonry structure, located on the top of the mountain, with dense eaves. There is a stone carving glans at the corner beam and a wind chime in the mouth. The stone carvings of the above two windows are rich and colorful, and the figures, animals, plants and flowers are exquisite and lifelike. The lintel is engraved with the words "Xuanwu Palace", and the door frame is engraved with couplets: "Plums are inserted in Wudang Mountain, and the water embellishes the river to realize the truth". The font is neat and the calligraphy is good. The four walls of the temple are long and unsmooth, 2 cm each, and form a dome step by step. The top is sealed with oval bluestone, and Yunlong is embossed on the stone. Since its construction, the temple has survived several earthquakes and floods, and it is still safe and sound. It not only has high archaeological value, but also has extremely important participation value in the research of earthquake resistance and flood control of buildings.

Gudunqiu site

The site is located in Dacheng Village, Liangzhuang Town, Neihuang County, and is the capital of Zhuan Xu and Di Ku. There are still incomplete earth walls. A large number of bricks, tiles and pottery pieces before the Han Dynasty were found on the wall of the site. There used to be a city god temple in Dacheng village. There are more than a dozen stone tablets in the temple, one of which is engraved with the words of Kangxi period in the Qing Dynasty, which reads "Dacheng Village is also an ancient town in autumn" and so on.

Yue Fei Temple

Yue Fei was born in Tangyin and grew up in Neihuang. In Shuo Yue, there are many well-known stories, such as "mother-in-law's tattoo", "Zhou Dong's apprentice", "gun in Liquan Cave" and "winning the prize by trying an arrow", all of which happened in Neihuang. There are Yuefei Temple and Wuzi Temple in Qilin Village, named after Yu Qilin Yuefei. In the east of the village, there is a glazed well that once saved Yue Fei. In the southeast of the village, there is a tomb of Zhou Dong and an inscription of Ma Huai. In the middle of the Ming Dynasty, a temple was built for Yue Fei, and a monument was erected to show his sacrifice. There are 5 main halls of Yuemiao, with carved beams and painted buildings. There is a statue of Yue Fei in the temple, and the walls are painted. There is a kneeling statue of Mr. and Mrs. Qin Gui on the steps in front of the temple. The existing "Rebuilding Yuefei Temple Monument" was established in Tongzhi for four years in Qing Dynasty (AD 1865). Since the 1980s, people have donated money, and cities and counties have helped to repair the main hall and build the Wuzitang. For thousands of years, the people of Neihuang have always regarded this place as an important place to remember the national hero Yue Fei.

cut off all means of retreat

In 207 BC, Zhang Han, the general of the State of Qin, besieged Zhao Julu (now Pingxiang County, Hebei Province) with heavy troops, and Chu Huaiwang sent Yi Song as the general to follow Xiang Yu, the leader of the peasant uprising army at the end of Qin Dynasty, and led his troops to save Zhao. Chu Bing went to the south bank of Zhanghe River and stayed there for 46 days. Regardless of the war, Yi Song drinks and makes merry every day. Xiang Yu failed to persuade several times, that is, he killed Song Yi in the tent, burned the barracks, smashed the stove, seized the army and crossed the Zhanghe River, and ordered all ships to sink to the bottom of the river. Each soldier only gave three days of dry food to go to the battlefield to show his determination to "only enter and not retreat, only win and not lose, and would rather die than return". As a result, Chu Jun was so brave that he defeated Qin Jun with one fight and one effort. This is the famous story of "cross the rubicon" in history. Now Chuwang Town, Neihuang County, is the place where Xiang Yu "burned his bridges". "Wang Chu" is also called "overlord of the place of Chu".