What was the surname of Huang's ancestors?

Huang's ancestor was Lv Zhong. In ancient times, Zhu Rong, the god of fire, was the son of Wu Hui. He succeeded Zhu Rong. During the Zhou Dynasty, it was later sealed in Huang (now west of Huangchuan, Henan Province 12 miles), and the Huang State was established. The State of Huang was later destroyed by the State of Chu, and its descendants were scattered all over the country. They didn't forget the hatred of national subjugation, so they took the original country name as their surname and called it Huang. Respect Lv Zhong as the ancestor.

Huang surname source:

1 comes from Shao Hao family. In the eastern part of ancient China, many primitive people with birds as totems lived in this vast area, which was called Dongyi in ancient books. Among them, nine clans are the most powerful, forming a tribal alliance group, which is called Jiuyi in history books. According to the Records of Bamboo Annals, the nine Yi people are Yi, Yu Yi, Fang Yi, Huang Yi, Bai Yi, Chi Yi, Xuan Yi, Yi Feng and Yang Yi. Among them, Huang Yi is the oldest ethnic origin of Huang.

Huang Yi got this name because she worships yellow birds. Its birthplace is in the Xilamulun River basin at the source of the West Liaohe River, in the eastern part of Inner Mongolia and the southern foot of Yanshan Mountain. In ancient times, there were all kinds of birds living in the ancient Youzhou area south of Yanshan Mountain, one of which was called oriole, the yellow bird in oriole. This yellow bird is not only small and elf, but also bright in color and crisp and melodious in sound. The first paragraph of The Poem describes it like this: "Ge's sadness applies to the central valley, and the leaves are growing. The yellow bird flies and gathers in the bushes, and it sings. " For the primitive ancestors who have been hunting in the mountains for a long time, this small and lively little yellow bird flies, jumps and sings in groups in the air forest, bringing natural humor and primitive pleasure to the ancestors. Their love for the yellow bird turned into respect, and later developed into worship, taking it as the patron saint and symbol of their clan, thus becoming the totem of their clan. This clan is called Huangniao Clan and Huang Zu Clan, or Huang Yi, Huang Zu and Ren Huang for short, and has become a branch of Dongyi.

Where the Yellow People live, most of the place names are yellow. The Xilamulun River in the west of Liaohe River was called Huangshui in ancient times, and later changed to "Huangshui". Record of the Jehol Volume 71 Yellow River: "The book of the New Tang Dynasty originated in Huang Zi, and the history of Liao and Jin Dynasties was due to it." Qing Yi Tong Zhi was originally called Huang because it was different from the West Yellow River. Later, Ren Huang migrated from the eastern part of Inner Mongolia to the southeast, entered the Shandong Peninsula through Huangshan Mountain in the west of Qian 'an County and Huangqiu in Shulu County, Hebei Province, and joined Dongyi Group, becoming Huangyi, one of the nine Yi people. Today, there is an ancient imperial city in the southeast of Huangxian County, Shandong Province, Huangshan Mountain in the south of Yexian County, Huangshan Mountain in Xingbo County and Huangfu Mountain in the southwest of Jinan. This area is where Huang Yi lived in ancient times.

In Dongyi Group, the influence of Huang people developed very rapidly and soon became a powerful force in Dongyi Group, so he was promoted to the leader of tribal alliance. In the middle of barbarism, when Shao Hao Jintian of Fengyi was the leader of Dongyi tribe, Huang Yi and Fengyi formed a marriage family and later joined Shao Hao tribe. At that time, Dongyi Group generally worshipped birds. Because the totem of Shao Hao, the leader of Dongyi ethnic group, is Phoenix, so Phoenix has become the king of birds and a god bird. Among the phoenix birds, there is a female bird named Huang (later written as Huang). This kind of bird, like the yellow bird, has bright yellow feathers all over its body. The pronunciation of these two bird names is exactly the same. The Imperial Bird is the spouse of the Phoenix Bird, and Huang Yi happens to be the marriage family of Fengyi. With these similarities, similarities and similarities, yellow people naturally use phoenix birds to replace ordinary little orioles, which were originally clan totems, as their worship objects. In this way, the yellow bird became the emperor (Phoenix) bird, and the totem of Huang Yi changed from the oriole bird to the golden phoenix.

When history entered the middle period of barbarism, around the time of the Yellow Emperor, when some members of the Huang Yi tribe in the East moved to the North China Plain and the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River, they all saw yellow: yellow plains, yellow mountains and a Yellow River crossing the north of China, so people worshipped the earth and rivers and called them the Yellow River.

As the Yellow People moved to the Central Plains, they used the word "yellow" which was originally the color of oriole to refer to the color of the earth, and there was a definition of "yellow, the color of the earth" in Shuo Wen Jie Zi.

After Huang people joined Dongyi Group, they formed a marriage relationship with them. Later, Shao Hao's family became stronger and stronger, and Shao Hao became the leader of the Dongyi Tribe Group. In this way, Huang Yi was reduced to a subordinate of Shao Hao tribe, and his relationship with Shao Hao Phoenix tribe changed from marriage to father-son relationship. Therefore, Huang Yi thinks that Shao Hao is his ancestor. "Song Shi Xue Ji" said: Shao Hao was an official for generations, and was sealed in Fenchuan during Zhuan Xu years, and was later honored as the god of Fenshui. During the Spring and Autumn Period, the descendants of Taiqian established Shen, Yi, Huang and other countries, which were later destroyed by the State of Jin. Among them, the descendants of Huang surname take the country as their surname and become a branch of Huang surname, and Huang Yuan of Jin State is their descendant.

Shao Hao, born in the era of the Yellow Emperor, is a legendary mythical figure. His deeds are recorded differently in various ancient books. Only his name is written in many different ways in various ancient books, such as Shao Hao, Shao Gao, Shao Ai, Bian, Shao Fu, and so on, and there are also different names.

According to Zuo Zhuan and Ji of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, his real name is Zhi. His mother, the emperor's century, said it was "Women's Day" and "Notes Collection" said it was "Huang E". Life in the Spring, Autumn and Yuan Dynasties: At the time of the Yellow Emperor, a big star like a rainbow fell from the sky to Zhu Hua (now southeast of Yanshan Mountain in Hebei Province). In the dream of Women's Day, this huge meteor fell on me, and Shao Hao was born. In the first volume of Notes on Collecting Wind, there is even a magical and lingering narrative: Huang E knits in the Xuan Palace at night or swims in the fork tree during the day. When she came to the vast poor Sangchi, she met a child prodigy. His appearance was absolutely beautiful. He claimed to be the son of Bai Di, which is the essence of White Star. The beautiful young man incarnated as a white star and descended into boundless water. When he met Huang E, it was love at first sight. Di Zi and Huang E sat side by side, stroking the guzheng of Tongfeng. Huang E sang according to the guzheng, while Zi answered the song. From then on, he played a feast with Huang E and forgot to come back. After enjoying a romantic life, Huang E became pregnant and later gave birth to a son named Zhi. Born in poor mulberry, it was also named "poor mulberry" or "Sancho". This is Huang's ancestor.

When Shao Hao Zhi grew up, he became the leader of the Dongyi people. Later, this clan developed and became the leader of Dongyi Tribal Alliance. He moved to Qufu from his original residence, Poor Sang (now Qufu City, Shandong Province).

Shao Hao is a clan with birds as its totem. In the Seventeen Years of Zuo Zhuan Zhao Gong, Tan Zi talked about the ethnic traces in ancient times: "My great-grandfather was too humble, and he was strong, and he was suitable for birds, taking birds as his discipline and naming him after birds." That is to say, on the day when Shao Hao ascended the throne, there was a strong wind blowing in the court. Shao Hao's family thought it was a symbol of good luck, so he took the phoenix bird as the god of the clan, took the phoenix bird as the totem, and named each clan after the phoenix bird, calling his clan "the home of the phoenix bird". There is a similar passage in the Notes: "E was born in the poor Sangjia, the first in Jintian. Once upon a time, there were five phoenixes gathered in the court according to the color of the square, because they were called phoenix birds. "

"The Seventeen Years of Zuo Zhuan Zhao Gong" records Shao Hao's achievements: "The phoenix bird's calendar is correct, the mysterious bird's teacher is also the teacher of Zhao Bo, the bluebird's teacher is also the beginning, and the Danbird's teacher is also the end ... sharp weapon, positive quantity, foreigners are also." The surname of Phoenix Bird is the official in charge of astronomical calendar. Xuanniao is an official in charge of vernal equinox and autumnal equinox; Zhao Bo is the official in charge of summer solstice and winter solstice; Jade Bird is an official in charge of Changsha and beginning of spring. Danniao's family are officials in charge of beginning of winter and beginning of autumn ... to improve the equipment, unify the scale and capacity, and let the people get an average. This passage records Shao Hao's achievements in measuring astronomical phenomena, making calendars, developing production and establishing system standards. Among the five bird palaces of Li Zheng, Sifen, Sizhi, Siqi and Siguan, compared with Sifen (vernal equinox and autumnal equinox), Sizhi (summer solstice and winter solstice), Siqi (beginning of spring and Changchun in the first half of the year) and Siguan (beginning of winter and beginning of autumn in the second half of the year), the phoenix family is the main body to observe the time and determine the calendar, so it is said that the calendar of the phoenix bird is correct. This is Shao Hao's greatest achievement. The Postscript of the History of the Road also said that Shao Hao was the earliest tribe in ancient China to determine the stars. It used to be "measured by law and regulated by gas, and there were eight nights in 20 tours", and Beichen was also listed as the most distinguished star. Later generations used the stars to define tribal areas and the stars to define people, all of which originated from this. Shao Hao's family is also a family that can compose music. Historically, Shao Hao once had fun and was called Jiuyuan.

In addition, a large number of myths and legends describe Shao Hao's major achievements in measuring astronomical phenomena and making calendars in various magical ways. "Imperial Century" said that Shao Hao was the leader of the Dongyi Tribal Alliance and died a hundred years later.

2. Huang's consanguineous ancestor is Bo Yi, the leader of Dongyi nationality in Xia Dynasty.

Boyi's father is Hao Tao. "A Thousand Commandments on Zhi Shi" says: "Liang, Ge, Jiang, Huang." ... are chasing Hao Tao. "

Hao Tao, a famous legend, is famous in history. According to the emperor's century, he was born in the market in Shao Hao, Qufu. Qufu, Yan Di, so Shun Di gave it the surname Yan. According to Shiben and Liu Xiang's On Yuan Jundao, Hao Tao made five punishments for Dali, namely, punishment for clan regime, prison and rule of law. Legend has it that his appearance is turquoise, like a peeled melon. His lips are like a bird's mouth, which is a symbol of sincerity. He can understand human feelings and prison sentences. On Shi Hengying said that Hao Tao ruled the prison, and when the verdict was in doubt, he ordered him to be sentenced to imprisonment. This fable is a sheep with only one horn. It is said that it is very spiritual and can distinguish right from wrong and confirm whether it is a crime. If the suspect is guilty, it will touch the corner. This method is very effective, so it is called "one-horned sacred beast" in the classics. History books say that there is no torture, no unjust imprisonment, no fear and no peace in the world. Appreciate his achievements, so he was named Gao, so he was also called Gao Yao. Because Tao and Yao had the same pronunciation in ancient times, Hao Tao, Tao and Yao were also written. Hao Tao helped Yu Xia become the leader of Chinese tribal regime in the Central Plains. Yu Xia was very grateful and appointed him as his successor. He was about to step down, but Hao Tao died at this time. After his death, he was buried in six places, which is now Lu 'an City, Anhui Province. In ancient times, there was Gao Tao's tomb. The world is also called Qin Gong.

Six sons (or three) were born, and the eldest son, Boyi, was the common blood ancestor of Huang, Zhao, Jiang and Qin.

Boyi, originally named Yi, has a good name. His name is Yao Kai (The Monument to the General of Hundred Insects is quoted in Shui Jing Zhu and Luo Shui Zhu), and his name is Yu Yu (An Examination of the Han Scholars' Table). He is a great hero in legend.

Boyi was very clever when he was young. "Lu Chunqiu Bugong" said that when he was old, he invented the way to seal wealth. He was the first person to invent digging wells to get water. Some ancient books are very story-telling and interesting about drilling wells to get water. "Huainanzi Ben Jing Xun" says: "Bo Yi works as a well, and Long Deng Xuan Yun lives in Kunlun."

Because Boyi was brilliant, Yu Xia recommended him to Shun Di, the leader of the clan alliance regime in the Central Plains at that time, and Shun Di sent him to help Yu Xia manage water resources. In the process of water control, Zuo Yu made great contributions. He was rewarded after the success of water control. He told Shun that Boyi also contributed. Shun gave Boyi a white flag and said, "Your children and grandchildren will surely prosper in the future!" (Historical Records of Qin Benji) Shun's words really worked, and later Boyi's heirs were very prosperous.

According to Zheng Yu, the national language, Boyi can discuss everything to help Emperor Shun. Boyi comes from the bird family in Dongyi Shao Hao, so it is said that he can understand animals and talk with birds. "History of Han Geography" says: "Boyi knows animals." "The Biography of Cai Yong in the Later Han Dynasty" says: "Boyi sounds like a bird." That's what I mean. This is the same as that in China's earliest history book Shangshu, which said that Boyi "tamed birds and beasts with Shun, and tamed many birds and beasts", so Shun once appointed him as a danger officer. According to another record in Mencius Teng Wengong, Shun sent Boyi as a fire official and Boyi used Yamakaji to force the wild animals to escape, so that people who lived a nomadic life lived in peace and contentment. It is for this reason that later generations honored him as "General of Hundred Insects", a god who protected people from wild animals, and built a temple to worship him.

Shun trusted and attached great importance to Boyi, married his beautiful daughter Yao Shi and gave Boyi a reward, so Boyi was also called Fei Da or Hou Fei.

After Shun, he inherited the position of leader of Huaxia Tribal Alliance. Yu trusts Boyi and his son very much. He originally planned to cede the throne to Hao Tao, but Hao Tao died unexpectedly. Since then, he appointed Hao Tao's eldest son Boyi as his successor. In his later years, he awarded the Yi government and made his son a minister. Yu Xia reigned in 10, and died on his way to the East Tour. His last words were passed on to Boyi. According to legend, after three years of mourning for Yu Xia, Boyi gave way to Xia Qi and lived in seclusion in the north of Jishan Mountain. With the support of China people, Xia Qi became the son of heaven. At this time, the first dynasty in the history of China, the Xia Dynasty, was established, and the primitive clan society was finally replaced by the "family world" of the class regime, and the history of China entered a civilized era. After Xia Qi became emperor, he began to destroy Boyi's power. In the sixth year in Xia Qi, he killed Boyi. After Boyi's death, Xia Qi buried Boyi with a grand ceremony and "offered sacrifices to the Ci Temple" (Yue Jue Shu Wu Nei Chuan), that is, he offered sacrifices to the deceased every year.

Although Boyi was killed, his family descendants were very prosperous, and more than ten surnames such as Huang, Zhao, Jiang and Qin were derived, all of whom respected him as the ancestor.

Huang's surname originated from the ancient won surname.

In ancient China, there were legends of three emperors and five emperors, and Zhuan Xu, one of the five emperors, was directly related to Huang. Zhuan Xu was actually an ancient tribal leader named Levin. According to legend, he was born in Ruoshui and lived in Diqiu (now southeast of Puyang, Henan). He was appointed as an official of Nanzheng, responsible for offering sacrifices to the gods. Li was appointed as an official of Beizheng, in charge of civil affairs. It can be seen that the tribes in Zhuan Xu already have the embryonic form of state power. The story of Zhuan Xu's angry attack on Zhoushan is widely circulated in China. According to the original record of Huai Nan Zi, Zhuan Xu once competed with Gong Gong for the position of emperor, and Zhuan Xu was invincible. However, Zhoushan is the northwest pillar of the sky, and its collapse causes the sky to tilt westward, so the river flows eastward. Zhuan Xu's great-grandson Lv Zhong married the ghost's daughter. Legend has it that this woman has been pregnant for a long time and has not given birth. 1 1 years later, her left rib cracked and gave birth to three sons, as did her right rib. Their descendants are divided into many clans, one of which is Ying clan. The won family is divided into 14 branches, one of which is Huang. The descendants of Luzhong were sealed in the Yellow River after their business failure in Zhou Wuwang. Their capital is 12 in the west of Dingzheng, Gwangju, which is now the west of Huangchuan County, Henan Province. Because Huang is adjacent to Chu, it has long been attached to Chu. In fact, from the blood point of view, the royal family of Chu has a close relationship with the state of Huang. The ancestor of Chu was Lu Zhong's sixth son, Ji Lian, who was an illegitimate child. The descendant of Zhou Wenwang Stone, Kuaixiong, is Wen Julian Waghann. Therefore, Zhou Chengwang sealed his son in Danyang, and the State of Chu was established. After Chu became powerful, it expanded its territory and wiped out many small countries around it. In 648 BC, the Kingdom of Huang was finally destroyed by the State of Chu. After the demise of Huang, its people did not forget their motherland, so they took Huang as their surname. Although they are scattered all over the country, they are not far from the original Yellow Kingdom, and Jiangxia (now the western part of Xinzhou County, Hubei Province) is the most inhabited area, so later generations take Jiangxia as the county name of the Yellow Kingdom.

4. Huang's surname originated in Luzhong.

Lu Zhong's ancestor theory is quite common, especially in Zhejiang, Sichuan, Yunnan, Guizhou, Guangxi, Taiwan Province and other provinces. In the classic Yuan He Xing Bian, there is a clear statement: "After Huang and Lu Zhong, they were sealed by Huang, destroyed by Chu, and took the country as their surname." In the theory of "taking the land as the ancestor", there are several related and different viewpoints in Huang's Genealogy. First, take Lv Zhong's son as the ancestor. For example, Song Qingyuan's "Kaiping Huang Family Tree" (1 198) prefaces: "My Huang sent Lu Zhongji's son to avoid the clouds, and he was the grandson of Xuanyuan Huangdi VII." In another case, Lv Zhong's grandson is the ancestor. For example, in the genealogy of the Huang family in Taiwan Province Province quoted in the "Family" chapter of the Encyclopedia of China Culture, Gao, the eldest son of Lu Zhong Kunwu, is regarded as the ancestor of the Huang family. There is also a very special situation. For example, Lu Zhong and his descendants, as recorded in The General Spectrum of the Huang Society in Xin 'an, are Lu Zhong, Fan (the son of Lu Zhong), Liang (after Fan, after Liang) and Jin (after Liang Ze). There are many Huang genealogies among the descendants of Luzhong, all of whom are the ancestors of Lu Nan Gonggong.

5. Huang is from Hunan.

The originator of Nanlugong is mainly popular in Jiangxi, Fujian, Guangdong, Hong Kong and Nanyang. For example, the genealogy of Huang family, Stork family, Baoan Pingshan family and Chaozhou family in Yongfeng Longshan, Jiangxi Province. All of them took living in as their ancestor, or called "the distant ancestor of the origin of the Huang family in the world". Lu Nan Kunwu's eldest son.

6. Huang Yuan

Huangyuan ancestor is mainly popular in parts of Jiangxi, Fujian, Yunnan and other provinces. For example, "Yunnan prestige spectrum" clearly records under the "Yuan" note: "The spectrum of the world is the ancestor of the whole life." He also quoted the words in Ten Friends: "Good character, moved to Huanggang, and most of his descendants took Gong as their ancestor."

7. Huang's surname originated from Huang State, taking the country as the surname.

The establishment of the Yellow Kingdom:

② Huangchuan Guo Huang

People's Republic of China (PRC) was founded in the early Xia Dynasty in 2 1 century BC.

The descendants of Boyi established the Yellow Kingdom, and Boyi was killed by Xia Qi. After Boyi's death, the struggle between Xia Dynasty and Dongyi people, descendants of Boyi, did not end. As a member of Boyi Dongyi Group, Huang Guo also participated in the anti-summer struggle. This struggle began in Xia Qi and continued until the eighth generation of the Xia Dynasty, Wang Xianfen. "Bamboo Chronicle" records: "Fen ascended the throne for three years, nine Yi came to the palace, saying Yi Yi ... Huang Yi, Bai Yi ... Feng Yi." The yellow-clothed people mentioned here are no longer the yellow-clothed yellow birds in the ancient Yanhuang period, but should refer to the Yellow Kingdom in the Xia Dynasty. By the time Xia Fen arrived, the kingdom of Huang had been conquered by the Xia Dynasty.

After conquering the Yellow Kingdom, many people later took part in the struggle of businessmen to destroy the summer. In the 6th century BC/kloc-,the Yin-Shang tribe, which originally belonged to Dongyi ethnic group, grew stronger and stronger under the leadership of the outstanding leader Cheng Tang, and finally eliminated the Xia Dynasty and established a powerful Yin-Shang empire in history. Huang and Shang belong to Dongyi Group, and both were oppressed by Xia Dynasty. Therefore, when the Shang Dynasty rose and the Xia Dynasty was in its heyday, the Huang people immediately took part in the struggle against and destroyed the Xia Dynasty. After the establishment of Shang Dynasty, Huang became a small ally of Shang Dynasty.

Two weeks later, Huang's power developed, and it formed an alliance with the tribes in the Huaihe River Basin (the former Dongyi Group's countries such as Jiang, Dao, Bai and Xian) and became the leader of the small country in Dongyi. It also improved its relations with Zhou Dynasty and Central Plains countries through joint marriage with countries with the same surname of Ji in Hanyang area of Zhou Dynasty. It was also during this period that the Chu State of Man Jing in the south became more and more powerful and threatened the small countries in the Huaihe River and Hanjiang River basin more and more seriously. Therefore, Huang further strengthened its alliance with the country that won the surname, and formed an alliance with Ji in the Eastern Han Dynasty to jointly resist the threat and aggression of Chu. In 704 BC, "he will be a vassal, but Huang and Sui will not". Huang and Sui were very annoyed at the boycott of the two countries. This year, they sent Peng (Wei) to condemn Huang and sent troops to attack Huang's ally Sui.

According to the records in the Spring and Autumn Annals, in the second year of Gong (658 BC), the State of Huang and its neighboring country, Jiang Guo, joined the alliance of Guan (now Caoxian South 10 Li) hosted by Qi Hou, and formed an anti-Chu alliance with Qi, Song, Zheng, Wei and Lu in the Central Plains. In 656 BC, Huang attacked the pro-Chu State of Chen with the allies of Qi, Lu, Song, Wei and Jiang Guo. The king of Chu invaded the kingdom of Huang on the pretext that it did not pay tribute to the king of Chu. Because the Yellow Kingdom was unguarded, the allies sat idly by and ended in a fiasco. The ancient Yellow Kingdom, which was established over 1400 years in history, was destroyed by the State of Chu.

Regarding the geographical location of the ancient city of Guo Huang, according to archaeological investigation and textual research, the ancient city of Guo Huang is located in Gulong Township on the west bank of the Yellow River, 6 kilometers northwest of Huangchuan County, Xinyang District, Henan Province. The site of the ancient city of Guo Huang still exists and is well preserved, and it is one of the key cultural relics protection units in Henan Province. The city is full of relics from the Spring and Autumn Period, and there are tripod feet, long feet, brass cymbals and tiles everywhere. 1978 During the cultural relics survey, as many as 12 bronze smelting workshops were found in the old city, and a number of bronze fragments were unearthed. The west of the city is a dense burial area.

1983, the tombs of Huang, the monarch of the ancient kingdom of Huang, and his wife were excavated in Baoxiang Temple near Guangshan County in the south of Huangchuan, Henan Province. The owner of the tomb was Huang and his wife, a monarch before the demise of the State of Huang in the early Spring and Autumn Period. Huang, a man, has no history and can't be found in the genealogy. The couple in the tomb are all three coffins, namely, the inner coffin, the outer coffin and the inner coffin. Huang's wife is the daughter of a nobleman with the same surname one week. She was a nobleman before her death, so she enjoyed the same specifications as a monarch after her death. More than 200 pieces of exquisite bronzes, jade articles, bamboo and wood lacquerware and silk fabrics were also unearthed in the tomb of the couple Huang. Among them, jade is the most exquisite, which is a phenomenon that other princes and tombs do not have. There are 70 funerary objects, including 54 jade articles. There are 169 funerary objects in Mrs. Huang's coffin, including jade 13 1 piece. Among jade articles, jade is the main one, with vivid and lifelike shapes such as tigers, fish, silkworms and heads, complicated and simple jade articles such as animal face patterns and stolen music patterns, and more than ten colorful agate strings. From these beautifully carved jade articles, we can see the extremely high level of jade carving in Huang State. In the early Spring and Autumn Period, the State of Huang and the State of Qi married and formed an alliance. Huang was made a viscount in Zhou Dynasty, so Zhou Tianzi called himself "Huang Jun" or "Huang Zi".

② Yellow Kingdom of Fenshui, Shanxi Province

Fenshui Yellow River was established by the descendants of Tae-Gyum Son, who was born in Shao Hao. After Shao Hao's death, Zhuan Xu of Huangdi Group replaced the leader of Shao Hao Tribal Alliance. Many original Shao Hao tribes moved to the Central Plains, and some tribes joined the Central Plains Huaxia Zhuan Xu Group. According to Zuo Zhuan Zhao Zhuan, the descendant of Shao Hao () became the water official of Zhuan Xu, a Chinese tribe. I gave birth to two sons, one of whom was named Taigui. Like his father, Taigui is good at managing water resources. At that time, the Fenhe River and Taohe River flooded and could not be cured for a long time. Zhuan Xu sent too many people who are good at water control to control it. The combination of dredging and blocking is very effective in controlling water and rivers. After Fenshui and Taoshui were cured, people could live in peace. In order to reward Taiqian's great contribution to the governance of Fen and Tao, Zhuan Xu gave him Fenchuan Valley as a fief. After Taigui's death, people appreciated his achievements and respected him as the god of water diversion. Later, Taiqian's descendants established four small countries here: Shen, Yi and Huang. Huang Guo, founded by Huang Yi, is one of the best. Where Fenshui and Taoshui are located, Fenshui is now Fenshui in Shanxi, and Taoshui is Taoshui in the upper reaches of Sushui River in wenxi county, Shanxi. On the north bank of Taoshui River and 30 miles west of Jiangxian County, there is a place name of Hengshui (namely Huangshui) and a stream named Hengshui, also called Huangshui, which is a tributary of Taoshui. This area is the hometown of the ancient state of Huang. By the early Spring and Autumn Period, the State of Jin established here by Zhou people had become strong, small countries were annexed here, and the State of Huang was destroyed by the State of Jin.

After Huang Guo, who won the surname, was destroyed, the Huang people took the country as their surname and became one of the ethnic origins of the Huang family in history. The distribution of Huang surnames awarded this time is mainly concentrated in the present Shanxi area. During the Spring and Autumn Period, many members of the Huang family held official positions in the State of Jin. For example, Huang Yuan, the noble minister of the State of Jin, was a descendant of Huang.

The descendants of this Huang clan are weak, and Huang Yuan is the only one recorded in ancient books and history books. This Huang family, which was later promoted to Huang Guo, gradually declined and disappeared. Therefore, the world recognized Huang's ancestral home is Huangchuan, Henan.

8. Don't change your surname to Huang.

(1) Wang Gai yellow. In ancient times, Huang and Wang were the same. Today, there are still some places in China where it is difficult to distinguish between Huang and Wang. "Yu Di Ji Sheng" Volume 128: "Fujian has crossed the land." ... all kinds of snakes, including, forest and yellow, are their descendants. It is understood that some people in ancient Fujian and Vietnam changed their surnames to Huang because of pronunciation confusion. According to Volume 4 of the Juvenile School manuscript "Huangzhong Huanggong Tombstone", Huang Degong, a famous anti-Qing hero in the late Ming Dynasty, was born in Hefei, Anhui Province, and later changed his surname to Huang. He moved to the original state of Wei, sealed the King of Nanjing, and later died of illness.

② The land turns yellow. Huang is the ancestor of the Huang family in Fuyang, Zhejiang Province. His real name is Lu, and he is strong and lonely. He changed his name according to the Huang family in Yongjia. Later, he moved to Fuyang, and his blood is Fuyang Huang.

The witch turned yellow. Witch, yellow is similar to the ancient voice. "Jiangxi Tongzhi Draft" contains: Huang, descendants of Wu Shuangrui.

Ding turns yellow. The father of Huang (Jin) was originally named Ding and was the son of Ding. Yiwu people changed their surname to Huang after Huang, and gave birth to Huang (gold). Nowadays, most of the Huang family in Yiwu are followed.

⑤ Wu changed to Huang. According to the Preface of Qing Prime Minister Wu Xu, the original name of Huang Quan, the ancestor of the Huang family in Tongcheng, was Wu, a descendant of Wu, the son of Yanling, who was originally from Poyang and moved to Tongcheng at the end of Yuan Dynasty. In order to avoid the suffering of the corvee, he took refuge in his relative, Lucheng Huang, and later changed his surname to Huang, becoming the ancestor of today's Tongcheng Huang.

6 gold turns yellow. According to the Preface to the Genealogy of the Huang Family in Tangxi, in the early Southern Song Dynasty, Linchuan Town, Jiangxi Province, guarded the envoy Jin and lived in the west of Linchuan City. An ancestor of the late Jin family, he fled and changed the gold into yellow. During the Song Longxing period, Huang Xier, a descendant of the Jin family, moved to Tangxi, Yingxiu Township, Chongren County and became the ancestor of the Huang family in Tangxi.

⑦ The fan turns yellow. "Tongjiang" cloud, Shaowu native Huang Qia, real name Fan, Wuzhou Lanxi native, later renamed Huang.

9. Huang surname among ethnic minorities:-"Huang Dongman" is the source of Huang surname of ancient southern ethnic minorities in China.

Huang, a minority in history, can be traced back at least to Fujian and Yuedi in Qin and Han Dynasties. Historically, the emergence of Huang surname of ethnic minorities was the result of the integration and assimilation of Huang surname clan of Han nationality and various ethnic minorities. This process of integration and assimilation began as early as after the demise of the Yellow Kingdom.

In 648 BC, when the State of Chu destroyed the Yellow River, Huang's followers were forcibly expelled from Huangchuan by the conquerors of the State of Chu, and then migrated to the southeast, southwest and the vast Jiangnan area on a large scale. Hundreds of years later, during the Qin and Han Dynasties, the adherents of Huang's surname had scattered in the vast areas of Jiangnan, Fujian, Guangdong, Hunan, Hubei, Sichuan and Guizhou. In the pre-Qin period, these areas in the south of Chu were the places where the Ba, Pu, Man, Yue and other ethnic minorities lived and lived together at that time, so they were regarded as the barren land of "clothes in the south". After moving to the south of the Yangtze River, the adherents of Huang lived with the local indigenous people for a long time. After the Qin and Han Dynasties, some adherents of the Huang surname were completely assimilated and merged into the Manyue indigenous people, forming the Huang surname among the Manyue indigenous people in southern China.

Huang Dong flourished in the Southern and Northern Dynasties and flourished in the Middle Tang Dynasty. It is the most famous minority Huang in the ancient history of China. Huangdongman in the Six Dynasties, Sui and Tang Dynasties evolved from the clan name of Yue Huang, a southern man in the Han and Wei Dynasties.

It was formed in the Chen Dynasty. "Biography of Chen Shu Yu Chunliang": "In the fifth year of Tianjia (564), the sai-jo made Hua Jiao the secretariat of Xiangzhou, and levied the Yellow Cave in Hengzhou." "Chen Shu Sun Changchuan": "Still move to Sima, set Pingnan as the satrap of Hengzhou, and break the yellow hole." This is the earliest origin of the history of "Huang Dongman". Huang Dongman, also known as "Huang Dongman", refers to the barbarian cave of Huang. Due to the continuous conquest and expansion of the feudal regime of the Han nationality, some Huangdong Manchu people living in the northern part of Lingnan in southern Hunan were forced to move southward with other full moon people. By the Sui and Tang Dynasties, they had been widely distributed in Guangdong and Guangxi, and became an important part of the barbarians such as the Western Yuan Man and the Wuhuyi, the ethnic minorities in Lingnan during this period.

In the Tang Dynasty, Huang Dongman's influence became more and more important. Therefore, it is recorded in The Biography of Xiyuan Man in the New Tang Dynasty that during the Tianbao period of Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty (742-755), the Huang family in Xiyuan Man jointly controlled more than ten states with Webster's and Nong's. Later, Webster and Zhou refused fencing? Huang immediately attacked and rushed the two family forces to the seaside.

Huang Dongman, who lived in Lingnan area, was not only exploited by the heavy labor of the Tang Dynasty, but also suffered from the "Liao city". He bought and sold Liao people as slaves and then lost them to the mainland. In the first year of Zhide (756), Yao, the leader of Huangdong Man, assembled in Huangdong (now west of daxin county, Guangxi), and received positive responses from more than1000 cave men in western Luzhou (now Qinzhou), Zhu Lan (now Donglan) and Wuyang (now north of Luocheng), gathering 200,000 people and successively attacking Xiaguan 65,438+08. Obsidian established a powerful political organization, calling itself the King of China and Vietnam, with Wu and Wei Jingjian as its leaders, openly confronted the Tang Dynasty and persisted in the uprising struggle for four years. In the second year of Gan Yuan (759), the Tang Dynasty sent troops to suppress it and adopted a policy of disintegration. After more than 200 wars, the uprising was suppressed, Yao and other leaders were beheaded, and the rest surrendered to the Tang Dynasty.

Later, the relationship between Huang Dongman and the Tang Dynasty tended to ease. Some of the children of the Huang family went out of the cave to take the imperial examination of the Tang Dynasty government, and some joined the ranks of studying and being an official.

At the end of the 8th century and the beginning of the 9th century, the Huang family in Mandong, Lingnan developed rapidly after decades of development. In the 10th year of Zhenyuan in Tang Dezong (794), Huang Shaoqing and Huang Shaogao, leaders of Huangdong people, rose up against the Tang Dynasty in Xihuangdong of the factory. The Tang dynasty sent troops to suppress it, and the rebels were defeated and forced to accept the appeal. In the second year of Yuanhe (807), Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty appointed Huang as the secretariat of Guishunzhou (now Jingxi County, Guangxi), and his younger brother Huang Shaogao as the secretariat of the state. Soon, the Huang brothers led the uprising again, and successively captured the land of 18 state, swept across the vast areas of southern Guangxi and southwestern Guangdong, and openly competed with the Tang Dynasty, which had a far-reaching impact.

During the Taihe period in Li Ang, Tang Wenzong (827-835), the Tang Dynasty, with Dong Changling and Dong Lan as the leaders, adopted a policy of suppressing and pacifying various rebels, finally pacifying the rebel forces and recovering the 65438 +08 state occupied by Huang, which dealt a heavy blow to Huang Dongman. Since then, Huang Dong has been devastated and Huang's power has been greatly weakened. Most members of the clan surname have fled, and some have gone out of the cottage and integrated into the Han nationality. Some fled south to Vietnam and became the most popular surnames among Jing people in Vietnam today; Some fled to Hunan and Guizhou, becoming the most popular names of local Dong and Buyi people in later generations. The rest lived in Huangdong, Guangxi, and most of them were under the jurisdiction of Bo Huang, the secretariat of Taizhou, whose descendants evolved into Zhuang Huang in Guangxi today.