What are Guan Yu's real achievements in history?

Guan Yu (A.D. 160- A.D. 220) was one of the "Five Tiger Generals" in Shu Han Dynasty. The biography of the Three Kingdoms Shu Shu Guan Yu records: "Guan Yu, the word dragon, is also a fairy, and he is also a rescuer in Hedong. He was desperate and ran to Zhuo Jun. " According to its records, Guan Yu's hometown is now Changping Village, Pingxiang Town, Yuncheng City, Shanxi Province. When Guan Yu was born, it was in line with the saying that "Shandong produced a picture and Shanxi produced a general". In fact, Guan Yu is a miracle of the world and has become a cultural symbol. For more than 2,000 years, Guan Yu culture has not only been deeply rooted in China, but also influenced the world to a great extent. The period from the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty to the establishment of the Western Jin Dynasty, that is, 220-280 AD, was the Three Kingdoms period in China's history. Some historical events, figures and anecdotes in the Three Kingdoms period are mainly derived from the novels Romance of the Three Kingdoms, History of the Three Kingdoms, Notes on the History of the Three Kingdoms and History as a Mirror. Romance of the Three Kingdoms was written by Luo Guanzhong (about 1330- 1400), a novelist in the late Yuan Dynasty and early Ming Dynasty. After all, it is a romantic novel, in which the plot is inevitably fictional, and many places have done artistic treatment, which should be "seven points are true and three points are false"; The History of the Three Kingdoms, written by Chen Shou, a historian in the Western Jin Dynasty (AD 233-297), records the dynastic history of China in the Three Kingdoms period and is one of the "first four histories" with the highest evaluation among the twenty-four histories. The History of the Three Kingdoms is carefully selected, and the author carefully examines historical facts, carefully selects unreliable materials, and does not comment and compile at will. Furthermore, The Romance of the Three Kingdoms has been written for more than 1 100 years during the Three Kingdoms period, while the Three Kingdoms was born less than one hundred years ago. Therefore, the real situation in the Three Kingdoms period is closer to the records in the History of the Three Kingdoms. Get down to business. So what did the real Guan Yu look like in history? Is it a dignified body, blushing face, dressed in a green robe, holding a dragon crescent moon blade and a red hare on his leg? By reading reliable historical materials, we first briefly analyze its real external image from the following six aspects. Physically. As for Guan Yu's true height and external image, there is no record in the History of the Three Kingdoms, but it is described in the Romance of the Three Kingdoms: "It is nine feet long, and its beard is two feet long. Its face is like a heavy jujube, its lips are covered with fat, its eyes are like a phoenix, and its eyebrows lie down." Of course, this "nine feet" is not the current 3 meters. It is reported that 1 ft in the Han Dynasty is equivalent to 24.2 cm now, and 9 feet is 2 17 cm, which translates into 2. 17 m in height, while the height of famous basketball star Yi Jianlian is 2. 13 m and that of Yao Ming is 2.26 m. Chen Shou once commented: "Guan Yu and Zhang Fei are all called enemies of ten thousand people and are the tiger ministers of the world." Strong and strong, Guan Yu, as such a mighty China military commander and tiger minister, is definitely not a "bean sprout" type, and his weight is definitely not light. He is more than 2 meters tall and weighs 100 kilograms, which is in line with common sense. Therefore, the real Guan Yu in history must be tall, strong and even more powerful. Besides, Guan Yu's beard is two feet long, which is recorded in the Romance of the Three Kingdoms. According to the present size, it is more than 40 centimeters. However, in the History of the Three Kingdoms, it is briefly mentioned that "the beauty of feathers must be bearded, so Ming (Zhuge Liang) called it bearded". It is a custom and fashion for the ancients to store hair and beard, which shows that it is true that Guan Yu has a "beautiful beard" and it is likely to be as long as 40 cm. According to Guinness World Records, there are people with beards as long as 236 cm in the world, but Guan Yu's 2-foot (40 cm) beard is dwarfed by it. Guan Yu, with a beard as long as 2 feet (the size of the Han Dynasty), is also a well-deserved "beard". In skin color. There is a famous line in the aria of Peking Opera, "The Red Face Guan Gong hits Changsha". In our mind, Guan Yu is "if the face is heavy, the phoenix eye is like a sleeping silkworm eyebrow". In fact, there is no record in the Historical Records of the Three Kingdoms that Guan Yu is a red face. As we all know, there are four races in the world: yellow race, white race, black race and brown race, and there is absolutely no red race. Furthermore, since ancient times, China people with authentic ancestry belong to the yellow race, but people who have lived in high altitude areas for many years may have "plateau red" skin color due to the influence of ultraviolet radiation and hypoxia, but they will not be like red dates, not to mention that Guan Yu has never lived in plateau areas for a long time. Therefore, Guan Yu in history will not be a big red face, even if it is a little reddish, it will not be as red as dates. Therefore, it is impossible for Guan Yu to "look like a jujube". He is still yellow, and his skin color is similar to today. Guan Yu's red face gradually turned red after he took the stage in the Yuan Dynasty. Because red contains cultural connotation, it represents justice in honesty and frankness, symbolizes loyalty and courage, and is a real hero. In addition, Guan Gong with red face, Cao Cao with white face, and red and white are all concrete manifestations of loyalty and treachery in traditional Chinese opera. Folklore experts have analyzed that red has been used to ward off evil spirits in witchcraft culture since ancient times, and red expresses reverence for gods. Weapons. According to the Romance of the Three Kingdoms, the weapon Guan Yu used was the "Dragon Crescent Moon Blade", also known as the "cold-eyed saw", weighing 82 Jin. 1.6 kg in Han Dynasty is equivalent to 1 kg now, so 82 kg at that time is probably 5 1.25 kg now. According to folklore, the first blacksmith in the world only chooses a full moon night to build a dragon crescent moon blade. When it was almost finished, it suddenly soared and fell from the air 1, 780 drops of blood. According to the analysis of local warlocks, it is Qing _, so it has the name of "Qinglong Crescent Moon Blade". The crescent moon is in the shape of a lying semicircle moon. Of course, the origin of the reputation of Qinglong Crescent Moon Knife is pure fiction. As for Guan Yu's real weapon in history, it is recorded in the History of the Three Kingdoms: "Cao Gong made Zhang Liao and Guan Yu pioneers, and when he saw Liang Huigai, he rode a horse to stab Liang (Yan Liang) in the crowd and beheaded him." The weapons used to "stab" are long weapons such as spears, guns, spears or halberds. If you use a knife, it is "chopping" or "chopping". In addition, according to the relevant historical records and the analysis of unearthed cultural relics, the long-handled broadsword did not appear in the Three Kingdoms period, but appeared with the appearance of sacrificial ceremonies in Sui and Tang Dynasties, while the crescent knife was a weapon that only appeared in Song Dynasty. Because of its weight, it is mainly used to practice arm strength, not weapons in war. If Guan Yu's dragon crescent moon blade weighs more than 50 kilograms, it is also a super heavyweight. No matter how strong a person is and how high his martial arts are, I'm afraid it's hard for him to dance freely and kill the enemy with such a heavy weapon in a battle. Therefore, it is completely false that the real Guan Yu in history holds an 82-pound Qinglong crescent moon blade. Source: Qunwen Tiandi