Is it a lunar calendar or a solar calendar?

The lunar calendar is the lunar calendar. Lunar calendar is a traditional calendar in China. It also has the names of lunar calendar, lunar calendar, summer calendar, lunar calendar and lunar calendar. However, the lunar calendar is not a lunar calendar, but a combination of yin and yang. Take the cycle of the moon phase as the length of the month and the year of the return of the sun as the age. By setting 24 solar terms and leap months, the average calendar year can adapt to the tropic year.

According to the fact that Emperor Xuanyuan, the ancestor of China, ascended the throne for the first year, this year is the Year of the Dog (Gregorian calendar 2018.02.16 ~ 2019.02.04). The traditional calendar in China is 2697 years earlier than the Gregorian calendar, and the year is +2008.02.04.

There are many records about the lunar calendar in ancient books and Oracle Bone Inscriptions, and a large number of historical records record that the lunar calendar began in the era of the Yellow Emperor. It is generally believed that the calendar rule of the integration of yin and yang in the lunar calendar originated from the Shang Dynasty. In A.D. 19 12, China began to adopt the western calendar and the traditional calendar of China, which was accompanied by China people's attention to traditional culture.

Calendar chronology is of great significance to a country and a nation. It has been supported by more and more people in China, further enhancing the status of traditional calendars in China. During the Republic of China, the People's Daily founded by the League adopted the Yellow Emperor's Chronicle. After Wuchang Uprising, Hubei military government also adopted the calendar year method, and provincial governments followed suit. After Sun Wen became the interim president of the Republic of China.

It is stipulated that the Republic of China should be changed to the solar calendar, and the first year of the Republic of China should be191year 1 1 month 13 New Year's Day. As an important carrier of Chinese culture, the lunar calendar has far-reaching influence. In 20 15, the National People's Congress put forward a proposal to improve the status of China's traditional calendar, which once again aroused heated discussion in society.

Traditional festivals in China and ethnic minority areas are calculated according to the lunar calendar. Up to now, most countries and ethnic groups in the cultural circle of Chinese characters still follow the traditional festivals of the lunar calendar, such as Spring Festival, Mid-Autumn Festival, Dragon Boat Festival and China Valentine's Day.

Extended data:

The calculation of solar terms and the time of the first lunar month is based on East longitude 120 degrees and China Standard Time.

Commonly used terms

Zodiac: It is the coordinate value used to determine the position of celestial bodies on the celestial sphere in the ecliptic coordinate system, which is divided into 360 degrees. In this system, the celestial sphere is divided into two hemispheres by the ecliptic plane. The sun moves to 0 degrees at the equinox, 90 degrees at the ecliptic at the summer solstice, 180 degrees at the autumnal equinox and 270 degrees at the winter solstice.

Shuori: The day when the moon moves between the earth and the sun is called Shuori.

Pingshuo: calculated according to the average length of the moon, regardless of the inequality between the sun and the moon; Disadvantages: The day containing the real "new moon" may sometimes appear on the last day of the previous month ("dark day", that is, the 29th or 30th day of the lunar calendar), and sometimes it will appear on the second day.

Deciding the new moon: the inequality between the sun and the moon is taken into account in the calculation, and the day with a real "new moon" is taken as the beginning of each month.

Level: The uneven motion of the sun on the ecliptic is not considered in the calculation. The first anniversary (tropic year) is divided into 24 solar terms, and the average number of days between the two solar terms is 15.22 days.

Fixed Qi: Considering the uneven movement of the sun on the ecliptic, the days between the two solar terms of fixed Qi are different, the short one is only 14 days, and the long one is 16 days.

Winter solstice: the day when the winter solstice is handed over is called winter solstice. The winter solstice must be set as the "starting point" of the first day of the second month: the day before the winter solstice or the day before the winter solstice (note: the starting point is different from fortune telling).

Jian Zheng: In the first month of the year, the establishment of the lunar calendar is "Xia Zheng": the first month of establishing the summer calendar (the second month is 1 1 month);

Andrew: The first month of the lunar calendar is ugly (February and December), and the Lu calendar is the same as the lunar calendar;

Zhou Zheng: The weekly calendar was made in the first month (the second month is the first month);

The Zhuan Xu calendar in the Qin calendar was made in the first month, and October in the Haili calendar is the first month of the year.

Solar terms: A year is divided into twelve festivals and twelve solar terms, with a total of twenty-four solar terms. Before Li Shixian (AD 65438 +0645) in Qing Dynasty, Li Shixian (AD 65438 +0645) in Qing Dynasty was marked by a fixed atmosphere.

Pay attention to the difference between annotation and calculation. The algorithm of fixing air on the moon came into being in Sui and Tang Dynasties, but it was blocked by conservative forces at that time and did not complete the transformation from plane air annotation to fixed air annotation. For example, when the eminent monk and his party revised Da Yan Li, they advocated the fixed air annotation, but the court did not adopt his theory. In the end, the fixed space algorithm is only used to calculate the solar eclipse, five-star renju and solar eclipse forecast before the end of Ming Dynasty.

At the end of the Ming Dynasty, after a fierce debate, the principle of "fixing the atmosphere and paying attention to the calendar" was finally established.

Calendar: it can be divided into solar calendar, lunar calendar and yin-yang calendar;

Gregorian calendar: A year is divided into 12 months, which has nothing to do with the movement of the moon. According to the date of the solar calendar, we can know the changes of the four seasons from cold to summer, and guide agriculture reasonably. Gregorian calendar (scientific name Gregory calendar) is a kind of solar calendar.

Lunar calendar (lunar calendar): The lunar calendar in China does not belong to this category, but people are used to calling it the lunar calendar in their lives. Take the waning period of the moon (that is, the new moon, equal to 29.530588 days) as one month, and the product of 12 months is one year. It completely ignores the annual apparent motion law of the sun, so the date of the lunar calendar can't show the warmth and coldness of the four seasons. This calendar has no practical value, except for Islam, it has been abandoned.

Lunar calendar: China lunar calendar belongs to this category. It is based on the cycle of the moon phase, that is, the moon is the length of the month and the year of the return of the sun is the age. By setting leap months, the average calendar year is adapted to the tropical year. According to the date of the lunar calendar, we can not only know the ebb and flow of tides, but also grasp the changes of seasons.

Almanac: A publication that records calendars and other related information, such as yellow calendars and perpetual calendars. Electronic calendar is the product of scientific and technological development and a new carrier.

References:

Calculation of Lunar Rules-Baidu Encyclopedia