What does it mean to have a small year? What does off-year mean?

What does the next year mean? What does off-year mean? As the saying goes, off-year is off-year. So do you know what off-year means? Let's get to know it together!

What does the next year mean?

Off-year is considered as the beginning of the New Year in China. As the off-year of the festival of offering sacrifices to stoves, the dates of offering sacrifices to stoves in different regions of China are different. In the past, in ancient times? Three officers, four boats and five? Tradition, that is to say, the official off-year is the 23rd of the twelfth lunar month, the ordinary off-year is the 24th of the twelfth lunar month, and the government boat is the 25th of the twelfth lunar month. Today, most northern regions spend their off-year holidays on 23rd.

What does off-year mean?

Off-year, literally, there are three explanations. First of all, December of the lunar calendar is a month with 29 days; Second, it refers to festivals, which are held on the 23rd or 24th day of December in the lunar calendar, where the old customs offer sacrifices to stoves. Third, it refers to the year when fruit trees bear little fruit and bamboo and wood grow slowly.

As a festival, due to the differences of regional customs, off-year has different meanings and customs in different parts of the country. For example, in most northern areas, the festival of offering sacrifices to stoves on the 23rd or 24th of the twelfth lunar month is called off-year; Many areas in Jiangsu, Zhejiang and Shanghai call the fifth day of the first month a small year; Many areas in China also call the Lantern Festival on the 15th day of the first month off-year, and some places call the winter solstice off-year.

What does off-year mean?

Off-year doesn't mean festivals. Due to local customs, festivals called off-year are different. In the early years, the main folk activities of the Han nationality included posting Spring Festival couplets, sweeping dust and offering sacrifices to stoves. In most parts of northern China, the festival of offering sacrifices to stoves on the 23rd or 24th of the twelfth lunar month is called off-year. In many areas, the Lantern Festival on the 15th day of the first month is called off-year and the solstice in winter is also called off-year. Off-year also means that people begin to prepare for new year's goods and have a clean and beautiful year, indicating that the New Year should have a new atmosphere and expressing the good wishes of the working people of the Han nationality to bid farewell to the old and welcome the new.

The custom of offering sacrifices to stoves in off-year

When I was young, I sacrificed a stove, so a legend came into being, that is, the Jade Emperor stationed a supervisor in every family-Kitchen God (he ordered Kitchen God, Kitchen God, Kitchen God and Kitchen God) to supervise and inspect the work of this family for one year. On December 23rd of the lunar calendar, Kitchen God will report to the Jade Emperor, who will decide whether to reward or punish the family next year according to the report, and Kitchen God will come back in the next new year. The Festival of Sacrificing Kitchen Stove is actually a festival for every household to send the kitchen god to heaven.

Specific operation mode: Because every household usually has a portrait of the kitchen god near the stove, and sometimes it is accompanied by a portrait of the grandmother of the kitchen king. After a year of smoky fire, the portrait is old and dark. Take off the old image and stick a grass horse to the kitchen god with straw, in order to make him? God speaks well, and when he returns to the palace, he is lucky? And bribe him to stick his mouth with a sticky candied fruit or cake to make it? Sweet mouth? You can only say good things and then burn them with the grass horse. This process is called word formation. Buy a new portrait after the new year, please post it back. In these days, without the supervision of the kitchen god, most people overeat and gamble, and indulge in some small mistakes that they usually think should not be made.

A preliminary study on the origin of sacrificial stoves

In fact, the festival of offering sacrifices to stoves is a reflection of the secular social order in ancient China, which shows the fear of ordinary people to the emperor and his grass-roots officials and the atmosphere of bribing grass-roots officials. Is it confidential? As long as the officials closest to him are bribed, the emperor will never know what he has done, and even if he breaks the law slightly, he can get away with it.

Making honeydew melons and offering sacrifices to stoves are the main activities of the day. Since then, people have entered the stage of preparing for the New Year, and people have begun to relax mentally.

The custom of offering sacrifices to stoves has a long history. Kitchen God, in the Xia Dynasty, has become a great god respected by the people. In the Analects of Confucius, which describes Kong Qiu's words and deeds in the Spring and Autumn Period? Do you prefer obsequiousness and stove to obsequiousness and Olympics? In that case.

In the pre-Qin period, the stoves used for sacrifice ranked first? Five sacrifices? One of them (the five sacrifices are to worship the five gods of stove, door, line, household and thunder). Ray is the land god. The other is doors, wells, households, stoves and lightning; Or lines, wells, households, stoves, thunder). When offering sacrifices to the stove, a god should be set up and rich wine and food should be offered as sacrifices. Furnish ding, erect water beans, welcome corpses and so on. With obvious traces of primitive fetishism.

Zaojun legend

Generally speaking, Kitchen God is a handsome man, so men in northern China worship Kitchen God. Men don't Yue Bai, women don't sacrifice stoves? For example, maybe. Men and women guard against it? If you really have to do this, you must wear a hat to cover your face at church.

Nian San Shen Zao

Kitchen God is called Kitchen King, Kitchen King, Kitchen God, Chef and Chef in the East. It is the god of catering in ancient myths and legends in China. Kitchen God himself has long been known as Yan Di and Zhu Rong. Later, many statements were derived. After the Jin Dynasty, it was listed as a god who supervised the good and evil on earth. With the development of social production, since people broke away from the life of eating animals and drinking blood and invented fire food, stoves have gradually become closely related to human life. Worship the Kitchen God has become an important part of many worship activities. What about The Book of Rites? In the sacrificial law? Wang surnamed Li? , that is, there is a sacrifice? Kitchen? Like ordinary people, Shu Ren made sacrifices. Is it still a family or a stove? .

In ancient China, there were activities of offering sacrifices to kitchen gods. After Wei and Jin Dynasties, Kitchen God had a name. Sui Du Taiqing's Jade Candle Collection quoted from Kitchen Book? Kitchen God, surnamed Su, named Geely, and female named Buqiao? . Tang Lixian quoted the book Miscellaneous Five Elements, also known as? The kitchen god's name is Zen Moon, and the word Guo, dressed in yellow and covered with hair, came out of the kitchen? . There are many sayings that Kitchen God was originally a goddess, or an old woman, or a beautiful woman. About the Qing Dynasty's "Jing Zao Quan Shu", it is said that the chef's surname is Zhang, the famous list and the word Guo, and he is a male god. At present, the revered East Chef ordered Fu Zaojun to sit with an old couple or a man and two women, that is, the portrait of Zao Jun and his wife.

After Taoism flourished in China, Kitchen God was described as a female mother in Jing Shuo. ? Manage people's houses. At twelve o'clock, I am good at understanding things on earth. On the first day of every month, remember the good and evil, merits and demerits of man-made things, record their weight, play Cao Shen in the middle of the night, and set up his books? . Later, it developed into grandparents. In different regions, Zhao Jun and his wife are played by different candidates, accompanied by popular local folklore stories.

Sacrifice date

There have been different opinions about the dates when the ancients sacrificed stoves, such as the first month, April, May, August and December. In the feudal society of China, various religions coexisted, and the number of gods reached thousands, which was respected by folk customs. Perhaps in order to simplify the unification and facilitate the memory and operation, the statement that the kitchen god goes to the sky once a month has evolved into the sky once a year. And set the time on the 23rd or 24th of the twelfth lunar month. This day has become a traditional festival for offering sacrifices to stoves.

In Shanxi, most areas offer sacrifices to stoves on the 23rd day of the twelfth lunar month. Only a few places, such as Yushe, Wenshui, Licheng and Yangcheng. Sacrifice a stove on the 24th of the twelfth lunar month.

Custom of offering sacrifices to stoves

Kitchen God is attached to the wall next to the cooker, facing the bellows. What's the connection between the two sides? God speaks well, and the underworld keeps peace? , the bottom allied also wrote? Go back to the palace for good luck? Yes In the middle is the idol of the husband and wife in the kitchen, and two horses are often painted next to the idol as mounts. When offering sacrifices to the stove, offerings should be displayed, the most prominent of which is honeydew melon. It is used in the north of Shanxi, and it is the primary product of sesame sugar, which is particularly sticky. Now collectively referred to as sesame sugar. what's up Twenty-three, eat a plate? Folk proverbs. Foods such as sugar and preserves are sweet and sticky. I eat carefully, but I can't talk. My mouth got stuck yesterday and I was prevented from making trouble. A few eggs should also be put in the sacrifice, which is a snack for foxes and weasels. It is said that they are all subordinates of Kitchen God, so we should take care of them. When offering sacrifices to the stove, in addition to burning incense and offering wine, it is especially necessary to spread horse material for the mount of the kitchen king and spread it from the front of the stove to the outside of the stove. When these ceremonies are over, the Kitchen God will be taken down and burned. Wait until New Year's Eve to set up a new idol. What are the customs in ancient times? Women don't sacrifice stoves? It is often one thing for a man to sacrifice his stove. However, in modern times, most housewives play the role of offering sacrifices to stoves.

Sacrificial stove diet

Off-year folks pay attention to eating jiaozi. What's the meaning? Looking at jiaozi in the wind? . Eat more cakes and buckwheat noodles in mountainous areas. In southeastern Shanxi, the custom of eating fried corn is popular. Are there any folk sayings? Twenty-three, don't eat fried, what should I do for the New Year? Pour a pot? Statement. People like to stick fried corn and maltose together, and then freeze them into pieces, which are crisp and sweet to eat. In addition to eating stove candy, fire is also a very distinctive seasonal food on the day of sacrifice. On the 23rd day of the twelfth lunar month, the business of biscuit stalls in the city is very prosperous. Besides honeydew melons, there are jiaozi for human consumption. Get up and make friends and lose face? Some also serve noodles.

Ballad of offering sacrifices to stoves

There are two folk songs circulating in southeastern Shanxi. One is? Twenty-three, send the master to heaven; Twenty-four, sweep the house; Twenty-five, steamed dumplings; Twenty-six, cut meat; Twenty-seven, tin cleaner; Twenty-eight, sloppy; Twenty-nine, washing feet; Door God No.30 posted with couplets? . It shows that time is tight and preparations are tense. The second is a nursery rhyme:? Twenty-three, offering sacrifices to the stove, the children clap their hands and laugh. In five or six days, the new year is coming. Evil box, playing with walnuts, throwing two cannons. When Wuzi was admitted, the table tennis rang and the fire rose higher than the sky. ? It reflects the joy of children looking forward to the New Year. Among all the preparations, window cutting and stick grilles are the most popular folk activities. There are all kinds of animal and plant stories, such as the plum blossom of magpie, the peach willow of swallow, the peony of peacock, the rolling hydrangea of lion, the opening of three sheep (Yang), the pearl of two dragons, the toon of deer crane (Liuhe Tongchun), the longevity of five bats (Fu), the full moon of rhinoceros, the year of fish of Lotus (Lian) (the rest) and the swimming of Yuanyang. What are the folk customs? Dadengdian, the second plum blossom, Three Mothers in Four Fields, Five Birthdays for Women, Six Snow Enjoyments for Women, Tianhe on July 7th, Nine Eight Immortals Shrouds? The term "drama story" reflects the folk preference for drama stories. In a family with a new wife, the new wife should bring all kinds of window grilles that she has cut, go back to her husband's house and put up windows, and neighbors will come to see them. After the 23rd of the twelfth lunar month, every household should steam steamed bread. Generally speaking, it can be divided into two types: worshipping God and visiting relatives. The former is solemn, while the latter is gorgeous. In particular, it is necessary to build a jujube hill to worship the Kitchen God. ? A steamed bread, neighbors to help? . This is usually an excellent opportunity for folk women to show their dexterity. Steamed bread is a handicraft.

Sacrificial stove couplets

After the 23rd day of the twelfth lunar month, every household will write Spring Festival couplets. People pay attention to God's posting, every household's posting and everything's posting, so Spring Festival couplets have the largest number and the most complete contents. The couplets in front of the statues are particularly particular, mostly words of praise and blessing. It is common that heaven and earth are connected: Grace is as deep as the sea, and virtue is as heavy as a mountain? ; Land God Trade Union:? White jade is born in the earth, and gold is born in the ground? ; Fortune Alliance:? God of wealth in heaven, God of wealth on earth? ; Spirit company:? Well can connect the four seas, home can reach three rivers? . Both the granary and the Spring Festival couplets in the granary expressed warm celebration and hope. Like what? The grain is abundant, and the six animals are prosperous? ; ? Rice noodles are as thick as mountains and oil and salt as deep as the sea? ; ? South Mountain is like a tiger, North Sea is like Ma Rulong? ; ? Big sheep prosper year by year, and little lambs increase month by month? Wait a minute. There are also some single couplets, such as posting them in every room? Look up at you? , posted across the door? See you outside? Stick it on the fire? Angry? , posted in the hospital? Full of money? , stick it on the tree? Deep roots and lush leaves? Paste on the stone mill? White tiger and good luck? Wait a minute. The couplets on the gate are the facade of a family, which are paid special attention to, either lyrical or picturesque, with rich content and witty remarks.

After the 23rd of the twelfth lunar month, adults and children should take a bath and have their hair cut. Someone else? Have money and no money, shave your head for the New Year? Statement. Luliang area pays attention to washing feet on the 27th of the twelfth lunar month. Mother-in-law and your son washed their feet with boiling water tonight. Adults should also help girls who are not sensible to scrub their feet clean without leaving any dirt. Is there any folklore? On the 27th of the twelfth lunar month, my mother-in-law washes your feet. A man who hasn't washed his feet for seven months and still has pus? As the saying goes.

What does the next year mean?

1. What does off-year mean?

2. What is the custom of having a small year?

3. What to eat and do in the off-year

4. What is off-year?

5. What are the customs of New Year in South China?

6. What is the custom of off-year in the north?