What's the difference between a perpetual calendar and an old calendar?

The five elements are the movements of wood, fire, earth, gold and water. In the long-term life and production practice, the ancients in China realized that wood, fire, earth, gold and water are the most essential substances, so the five elements were originally called five materials. For example, "Zuo Zhuan" said: "Five talents are born, the people use them together, and one cannot be abandoned"; In the history books, it is even more clear: "people who are in fire and water, the people take food as the sky; Jin Mu, what the people are doing; The natives give birth to all things and are used by people. "

On the basis of the theory of "five things", the theory of five elements is further extended to mean that everything in the world is generated by the movement and change between five basic substances: wood, fire, earth, gold and water. For example, "Guoyu Zheng Yu" said: "Therefore, the first king mixed soil with gold, wood, water, fire and everything." Meanwhile; It also explains the relationship between things by the relationship between the five elements of life and grams, and holds that nothing is isolated or static, but maintains a harmonious balance in the constant movement of life and grams This is the basic meaning of the Five Elements Theory and the main basis of China's ancient materialist dialectical view.

In the process of its formation, the theoretical system of traditional Chinese medicine was deeply influenced by the theory of five elements. Like the theory of Yin and Yang, it has also become a part of the unique theoretical system of TCM, which has had a far-reaching impact on the academic development of TCM in history.

The Basic Contents of Five Elements Theory

The characteristics of the five elements are abstract and gradually formed theoretical concepts based on the simple understanding of wood, fire, earth, gold and water in the long-term life and production practice, which are used to analyze the five elements of various things and study the basic laws of the relationship between things. Therefore, although the characteristics of the five elements come from wood, fire, earth, gold and water, they have actually surpassed the specific substance of wood, fire, earth, gold and water and have a broader meaning.

Characteristics of wood: The ancients called it "straightness of wood". "Straight" actually refers to the growth form of trees, all of which are straight branches, extending upward and around. Therefore, things with growth, rising and smooth functions or characteristics belong to wood.

Characteristics of fire: The ancients called it "fire is inflammation". "Shang Yan" means that fire has the characteristics of warmth and rising. So what is warm and uplifting belongs to fire.

Characteristics of soil: The ancients called "soil loves crops". "Tillage" means that the soil has the function of sowing and harvesting crops. So it is extended to biochemistry; Everything that carries and receives functions belongs to soil. Therefore, there are four lines of soil, everything is born in soil, everything is destroyed in soil, and soil is the mother of all things.

Characteristics of gold: The ancients called it "the golden sun follows the leather". "From the skin" means "change". Everything that should be clean, healthy and convergent belongs to gold.

Characteristics of water: The ancients called it "moist". It means that the water is wet and downward. Everything that is cold, moist and flowing downwards belongs to water.

The theory of deduction and classification of the five elements is to deduce and classify the five elements according to their characteristics. Therefore, the five-element attribute of things is not equal to wood, fire, earth, gold and water itself, but compares the nature and function of things with the characteristics of the five elements, and obtains the five-element attribute of things. If things have similar characteristics to wood, they belong to wood; Similar to the characteristics of fire, belonging to fire; Wait a minute. For example:

If you belong to the five elements in orientation, then it belongs to wood, because the sunrise is in the east, which is similar to the rising characteristics of wood. It is hot in the south, which is similar to the inflammatory characteristics of fire, so it belongs to fire; Sunset in the west is similar to the decline of gold, so it belongs to gold; The north is cold, similar to water, so it belongs to water; ……。

When the five internal organs belong to the five elements, the liver belongs to wood, the heart yang belongs to fire, the spleen belongs to soil, the lung belongs to gold, and the kidney belongs to water.

In addition to the analogy mentioned above, there are indirect ways to infer the five elements of things. For example, after the liver belongs to wood, the main reinforcement of the liver and the "tendons" and "eyes" that the liver began to know also belong to wood; If the heart belongs to fire, the pulse and tongue also belong to fire; Spleen belongs to soil, so does "meat" and "mouth"; If lungs are gold, so are fur and nose. Kidney belongs to water, so do "bone", "ear" and "two yin".

In addition, the theory of the five elements also holds that things belonging to the five elements are related. For example, Su Wen's Yin-Yang theory says that "the wind in the East produces wood, wood produces acid, acid produces liver, and liver produces tendons ...", which means that the wind, wood and acid substances in the East and nature are all related to the liver. Therefore, some people think that the theory of five elements is the basis for explaining the unity of man and natural environment. The next page lists the five elements of nature and human body.

By analyzing, classifying and deducing things with the characteristics of the five elements, the ever-changing things in nature are attributed to the five elements system of wood, fire, earth, gold and water. For the human body, that is to say, all kinds of tissues and functions of the human body belong to five physiological and pathological systems centered on the five internal organs.

The theory that the five elements create, resist and abuse the five elements does not belong to the five elements in a static and isolated way, but explores and explains the integrity and unity of the mutual connection, coordination and balance between things with the mutual resistance between the five elements. At the same time, it also explores and explains the interaction between the five elements after the abuse and humiliation destroy the coordination and balance between things, which is the main significance of the five elements.

(1) The coexistence of birth and punishment means that one thing can promote, encourage and nurture another; Mutual respect means that one thing can restrain and restrict the growth and function of another. Mutual growth and restriction are considered to be normal phenomena in nature in the theory of five elements; It is also a normal physiological phenomenon for human physiology. It is precisely because of the relationship between things that the ecological balance of nature and the physiological balance of human body can be maintained, so "control is biochemistry"

The order of the five elements is: wood fires, fire produces soil, soil produces gold, gold produces water, and aquatic wood.

The order of the five elements is: Mutuke, Tukeshui, Shuihuoke, Huojinke and Jin Kemu.

In this way, the second phase was born, and the second phase was gram-negative, such as an endless cycle, maintaining the dynamic balance between things. Therefore, Jing and Tu said: "The machine of nature can't be lifeless, and it can't be unmanageable. Without life, there is no reason for development, and without control, it is harmful. "

Because of the relationship between the five elements, from any line in the five elements, there are four relationships: giving birth to me, giving birth to me, abolishing me and abolishing me.

"Giving birth to me" and "giving birth to me" are metaphors of the relationship between "mother" and "son" in the classic. The person who gave birth to me is the mother, and the person who gave birth to me is the child, so the relationship between the five elements can also be called the mother-child relationship. Take fire as an example, because wood makes a fire, the person who "gives birth to me" is wood; Because fire is born of earth, "I am born" is earth. In this way, wood is the "mother" of fire, and soil is the "child" of fire; That is, wood and fire are "mother and son" and fire and earth are "mother and son".

"Beat me" and "beat me" are called "invincible" and "victory" in Neijing. That is, those who resist me are invincible and those who resist me win. Take fire as an example. Because fire can kill Kim, the person who "kills me" is Kim. Because water can put out fires, it is water that can kill me.

"Give birth to me" and "Give birth to me" are five elements, but they are controlled in life. For example, the "living me" of wood is water, and the "living me" of wood is fire; Water can make a fire. Although "Walker" and "Walker" are mutual grams in the five elements, there is a life in grams. For example, the "Ke I" of wood is gold, and the "Ke I" of wood is earth; Soil produces gold. The theory of five elements is based on the intricate relationship between the five elements to explain that everything is regulated as a whole, to prevent too much or too little, and to maintain relative balance. Explaining nature in this way can explain the normal change of natural climate and the ecological balance of nature; Explaining the human body in this way is the physiological balance of the body.

(2) The basic concept of multiplication and mutual loss of the five elements first appeared in Neijing, which refers to the abnormal phenomenon of mutual restraint after the restraint between the five elements was destroyed.

Multiply: Multiply means bullying the weak. Multiplication in the five elements means that a certain "line" in the five elements restrains the victim's "line" too much, thus causing a series of abnormal mutual reactions. The reasons for multiplication are nothing more than two aspects;

First, a certain "line" in the five elements is too strong, which leads to too many constraints on the restrained "line" and weakens the restrained "line", thus causing abnormal restraint between the five elements. For example, if the wood is too strong, the soil will be too strong, resulting in insufficient soil. This is the so-called "wood borrowing".

First, if a certain line in the five elements is weak, then the mutual restraint between its "self-restraint" and "line" will be relatively enhanced and even weaker. For example, woody plants are not too strong, and their ability to inhibit soil is still in the normal range. However, due to the deficiency of the soil itself, the strength of the soil is relatively enhanced, which makes the soil even more insufficient. This is the so-called "soil virtual wood multiplication"

Mutual insult: insult, here refers to "anti-insult." Mutual humiliation in the five elements means that a certain line in the five elements is too strong to resist the original "one line" that regrets me, so it is also called anti-gram. For example, when wood is particularly strong, it is restrained by gold and resists gold (that is, resists gold), which is called "wood invades gold", which is an aspect of resistance. On the other hand, because of the weakness of gold itself, it is not only unable to restrain wood, but is resisted by wood, which is called "gold virtual wood humiliation"

Multiplication and mutual humiliation are abnormal phenomena, and they are both different and related. The main difference between multiplication and attack is that the former is too strong restraint in the order of mutual restraint of the five elements, which leads to abnormal restraint between the five elements; The latter is a restraint phenomenon in the opposite direction to the order of the five elements, forming an abnormal restraint between the five elements. The relationship between them is: when multiplication happens, it can also happen at the same time; Mutual attacks can also multiply at the same time. For example, if the wood is too strong, you can borrow soil to humiliate gold; If gold is weak, wood can resist and fire can ride, so multiplication is closely related to mutual attack. "Su Wen Wu Da Yun Lun" said: If there is excess gas, the system will win and be invincible; If you are inferior, you will be invincible. Take advantage of it, win over it, and despise it. "A good explanation of the multiplication and insult between the five elements, and the relationship between them.

Responder: melancholy thief-scholar level 2 7- 18 19: 12

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