Good Book Recommendation

? The audience in the fifth season of A Wonderful Story must be familiar with Professor Xue's name. After all, in the program, Professor Can Xue made the audience admire him with his profound knowledge, but he insisted on being cute, persistent, interesting and shy ... which made people love and hate. In the process of obtaining this application, hundreds of thousands of users paid for his courses, and its influence is self-evident.

As a layman in economics, in fact, except Adam? I can't name Smith and Marx anymore. I don't know how long I will miss this book if I don't see it on the comprehensive bestseller recommendation (novel, therapeutic literature, success, etc.) in the bookstore. Are the most popular recommendations of bookstores, and professional books are hard to see). In addition, it is not difficult to find this book on Dangdang, a large online bookstore, and it is the first in the general list of economic bestsellers. The second place is also Professor Xue's book.

Not much to say, share some economics knowledge explained in the book, maybe you will find it interesting.

When talking about costs, don't just focus on money. Cost is everything you give up, that is, the biggest price you give up.

For example, there is a shop in your home that specializes in selling medicinal materials picked by yourself. Because it has its own property rights and does not pay rent, it is considered that the business cost of medicinal materials is zero. Actually, it's wrong to think so. Cost is the biggest price to give up. We must see what you have given up to manage medicinal materials. If this shop is rented out, you can charge rent every month, but now you have given up the rent. Or this store can resell it. If someone bids100000 yuan, but you refuse to sell it and insist on doing medicinal materials business, the cost of doing medicinal materials business is100000 yuan, while someone bids150000 yuan, and the cost is150000 yuan.

Give another example close to life. I really have some "lawsuits" because I resigned a few days ago. The reason is that I applied for resignation in early September and didn't reply until the following year 1 month. It took four months to resign, not because it could not be approved, but because it was inefficient. I asked for a statement, and I was persuaded: "Your five insurances and one gold have always been paid to you. Although you don't go to work, you also have a basic salary of several hundred per month. " Let's analyze it. It sounds reasonable. I didn't go to work after the handover, but I still got the basic salary, which seemed very forbearing. However, things can't be analyzed in this way. It's not what I got, but what I gave up during these times. I gave up the opportunity of a new job. If my new job pays 5000 yuan a month, the cost of delay will start from 5000 yuan. If the monthly salary of my new job is 8000 yuan, the cost will start from 8000 yuan.

So, now we know that cost, or opportunity cost, is the biggest price to give up. Because it is very important, it is listed as one of the ten principles of economics.

Adam, the father of modern economics? Smith famously said that there is an "invisible hand" guiding the laws of market economy. What is visible is mostly phenomenon, but what is invisible is the law of action under phenomenon.

Let's give a few examples to analyze what invisible laws the government has when formulating laws and regulations:

Government conscription system.

Plato once wrote in "The Republic": A soldier in a country is so important that the country should ensure all his living conditions, not only to make him worry about food and clothing, but also to help him get married and have children. However, in addition, the state will not pay any wages to soldiers. This is a way, although it is not rich and expensive, it still sounds a little comfortable. If you had a choice, would you like to be a soldier? If not, what problems have you considered?

Of course, no matter how you choose, this is already an ideal way. The reality is that many countries have the obligation to recruit soldiers and force them to become soldiers. They only have basic living security and no salary. In this way, the monetary cost paid by the government is relatively low, which reduces the financial pressure. But is this really cost-effective? Let's think about it. A young man can't do his original job after being recruited as a soldier. The country has an extra cheap soldier, but it may lose a scientist and an income-generating actor at the same time, so the cost of this system is actually very high and its cost is immeasurable.

Housing purchase restriction and low-cost affordable housing.

There is a very direct way to solve the problem of rising house prices, and that is to restrict people from buying. Is the problem solved? No, I met a couple when I was buying and selling a house before. In order to get more qualifications for buying a house, they got a fake divorce. In fact, no matter what policy, people always have countermeasures. Let's look at real estate developers. They act for the benefit. Do they persist in building houses even if the house prices are not good? No, if you don't make money, real estate developers will slow down their investment and the number of new buildings will gradually decrease. Finally, the total number of houses sold in the whole market will decrease, and the contradiction between housing supply and demand will intensify. In fact, house prices will be higher.

Let's take a look at the government's low-cost affordable housing and Huimin policy. However, what's the problem? First of all, this policy is exclusive. In order to build low-cost housing, the government needs to find sites and materials. The more government uses it, the less private uses it. We expect resources to be used effectively. Who can better build a marketable house? Is it the government or the developer? The answer is obvious. Second, the transfer of cheap houses is generally prohibited, and the transactions between houses are reduced, which further limits the effective use of resources. Thirdly, as far as I know, the competition for applying for cheap housing is still fierce, and the fees paid by many people for cheap housing may offset some of the later use value of the house.

What is marginal? What brings "new" is "new", for example, marginal income is the new income that can be brought by selling one more product; Marginal product is the new output brought by each new input. Marginal utility will decrease, that is to say, in unit time, with the increasing consumption of a certain commodity, new enjoyment will decrease.

For a simple example, you have a favorite star. Would you like to shake hands with him once? I'm afraid I was too happy to sleep at the party. Shake again the next day, shake again the third day, shake again the fourth day ... If you keep shaking hands, will you still be so happy that you can't sleep? I don't think so. This is the decline of new enjoyment.

Understand this theory, and you will know that it is very helpful to us. Everyone's resources are limited. How to make effective use of resources and make them get better utility? The method is to allocate resources to different uses and ensure that the marginal utility of resources in these different uses tends to be equal; If there is inequality, then transfer resources to more effective uses until they are equal. This is the so-called marginal equilibrium concept.

Isn't this the secret of happiness? If you start to get tired of learning math and lose your attention, you might as well listen to music and enjoy the greater utility that music can bring you at this time. If you have money, what do you want to do with it? Is it happier to buy yourself a diamond necklace? Or investment and financial management, Qian Shengqian is happier? Use the money where it can play the greatest role; Your time also depends on your allocation. How do you balance working hours, your own time and family time? Of course, it depends on how you get more. Knowing this theory, we might as well remind ourselves that it is time to do something to balance our marginal utility when happiness is insufficient.

There are countless interesting economic theories. For economics, I think it is early reading and early wisdom. Under various chaotic social phenomena, the hidden laws are clear and logical, just like a rope in the fog. You don't have to work hard, you can clear the clouds and see the moon. Isn't this a shortcut to a smart life?