Grasp the details of the week.

Grasping Zhou, a traditional custom in China, is now a custom in East Asian countries, which predicts the future of a baby when the child is one year old. When the

Grasping Zhou, a traditional custom in China, is now a custom in East Asian countries, which predicts the future of a baby when the child is one year old. When the newborn is one year old, all kinds of things are placed in front of the child and let him grab them. Traditionally, commonly used items are pens, ink, paper, inkstones, abacus, coins, books and so on.

It existed in Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties. "The custom in Jiangnan is that the first stage of children's life is to make new clothes and decorate them with a bath. Men use bows, arrows, paper and pens, and women use knives and rulers to sew and add food and treasure to play. Before releasing their children, we should observe their intention to take them to test greed, sincerity and wisdom, which is called a test. " Now some will put modern objects such as mice and toothbrushes, and some will use video cards instead of physical objects for babies to grab.

Basic introduction Chinese name: Grasp Zhou mbth: Applicable scope of one-year-old custom: China, North Korea and other countries applicable age: One-year-old children's main targets: seals, books, abacus, coins, toys and other customs Origin: Legend has it that Wu Dong's "trying children" developed in the Three Kingdoms period, its origin, historical status, customs of various ethnic groups, Korean, Hui, Bajun, sacrificial process, objects used and instructions for use. It is a ceremony to predict the future and temperament when a child is one year old, and it is also a way to celebrate the first birthday anniversary. It belongs to the traditional birth etiquette, just like birth news, washing children in three dynasties, full moon ceremony and centenary celebration. Its core is the wish for the continuity, smoothness and prosperity of life, which embodies the parents' deep affection for their children, has the nature of family games, is a belief custom with human relations and the pursuit of parenting, and objectively tests how mothers lead and how to carry out enlightenment education. With the improvement of living standards, the custom of grasping the week is paid more and more attention by many families, and organized collective activities are also held in many places to celebrate the baby's birthday. The ceremony of "grasping Tuesday" is usually held before eating "longevity noodles" at noon. Rich people who pay attention to some things should display major cases in front of the bed (kang), and put them on: seals, Confucianism, Buddhism and Taoism classics, pens, ink, paper, inkstones, abacus, coins, account books, jewelry, flowers, rouge, food, toys, and shovels and spoons (cookers) used by girls to catch Tuesdays. The average family, limited by economic conditions, often simplifies it, using only a copper tea tray, which contains a private school textbook "III" or "Qian", a writing brush, an abacus and a set of sesame nuts. Girls plus pendulum: a shovel, scissors, ruler. Adults will take the child to sit up without any inducement, let him choose and see what he catches first and then what he catches. In this way, we can predict his interests, future and future career. If the child catches the seal first, it means that when he grows up, he will take advantage of God's grace and prosper in his career. Grasping stationery first means that when you grow up, you will be eager to learn, and there will be splendid articles, which will eventually be ternary harmony; If a child grasps the abacus first, it means that he will be good at managing money when he grows up, and will become the career of Tao Zhu. If a girl first masters sewing utensils such as scissors and rulers or cooking utensils such as shovels and spoons, it shows that she is good at housework when she grows up. On the contrary, children should not be dismissed as "delicious" or "playful" on the spot when they grab food and toys for the first time. They should also say that "children will have a good mouth and be good at eating, drinking and having fun when they grow up". In a word, the elders have high hopes for their children's future, so it's good to bless them when they are one year old. Based on the grasp of children's week, this paper objectively tests how birth mothers, nannies and wet nurses lead children and how to carry out enlightenment education. Therefore, some parents are not superstitious, but they still advocate that children should pay attention to their ears, which is one of the reasons why this custom has been circulating among the people for a long time. There should be a time process from the occurrence, formation to popularity of a custom. During the Southern Dynasties, Zhou was popular in the south of the Yangtze River, which happened earlier. Therefore, some people pushed the origin time of the Zhou Dynasty back to the Three Kingdoms period according to the folk biography of the Three Kingdoms. According to legend, during the Three Kingdoms period, Wu Zhusun soon gained power, and Prince Sun Deng died of illness. Sun Quan can only choose the prince among other sons. There is a West Lake named Jingyang who asks for Sun Quan in a cloth. It is the great cause of several generations to say that it depends not only on whether the prince is virtuous but also on the talent of the emperor's grandson. He said that he had a way to try to say goodbye to the emperor Sun Xianyu, and Sun Quan ordered Jingyang to choose a good luck. It was the day when the princes took their sons into the palace, and Jingyang brought out a plate full of pearls, ivory, rhinoceros horn and other things for the little emperors and grandchildren to snatch at will. Children either catch jade or take rhinoceros horn. Only Hao, the son of Sun He, grabbed the simple book in one hand and the ribbon in the other. Sun Quan was overjoyed and made Sun He a prince. However, the other princes refused to accept it, and they made friends with their ministers and infighting, forcing Sun Quan to depose Sun He and make Sun Liang his successor. After Sun Quan's death, Sun Liang was only in power for seven years, and was later overthrown by a coup and changed Sun Xiu to emperor. After Sun Xiu's death, ministers all wanted to promote an older prince to be emperor, so they chose Sun Hao who was over 20. At this time, it is not surprising that some old ministers recall the way in which prospective parents chose their heirs. Since then, many people have used similar methods to test the future of future generations, thus forming the custom of "testing children" in Jiangnan. Some people think that the origin of the custom of "testing children" can be traced back to the pre-Qin period, and it is actually the product of the worship of gods and witchcraft culture of Chu people. Zuo Zhuan records that in the 13th year of Zhao Gong, Chu Gongwang, who had no son, wanted to choose an heir among his five beloved sons. He traveled all over the world and prayed, "Please God choose five sons and let the country be the master." He also showed the famous mountains and rivers with the jade wall, saying, "Who dares to go against God's will?" Then the jade was secretly buried in the courtyard of the ancestral temple, so that the five princes could enter the temple to worship their ancestors according to their generations. Whoever happens to be buried in jade is the heir set by the gods. After being carried into the ancestral temple, the youngest King Chu Ping bowed down twice and pressed the jade button twice. However, Chu Gongwang finally made the eldest son (King Chu Kang) with his feet on the jade when kneeling as the prince. Wei Gui, the minister, was deeply moved and thought it was against the destiny, so he entrusted his son to Ping Wang. Later, Ping Wang really ascended the throne in the domestic struggle of Chu. The story contained in the historical biography is similar to the legend of Sun Quan's selection of heirs, and can also be regarded as the origin of the custom of "testing children". Witchcraft, which uses lottery superstition to predict and judge children's life, is naturally rejected by Confucian culture in the Central Plains, which advocates simplicity and attaches importance to education. This is also an important reason why the skill of "testing children" can only be circulated in the southern region for a long time and cannot flow to the north. It is for this reason that Yan Zhitui described this custom in a critical tone. Scholars have different opinions on what concept led to the custom of grasping the weekly test. Some people think that this custom originated from the original concept of signs, that is, all kinds of phenomena in nature and good fortune and bad fortune in the world have signs before they happen. It was originally a psychological concept that primitive people could not explain and grasp the powerful natural forces and human destiny. Therefore, it is not only foolish and absurd to seize the past few weeks to predict the future, but also a retrogression in the way of thinking. Others think that grasping the week is actually a way to celebrate one's first birthday. It belongs to the traditional birth etiquette, just like giving birth to a child, washing children in three dynasties, full moon ceremony and centennial ceremony. Its core is to wish good luck for a continuous, smooth and prosperous life. Others pointed out that grasping Zhou is a popular belief activity in the family, not a social custom, but its belief root is indeed the witchcraft concept of touching each other, and its ceremony and date are the choices to create this mysterious atmosphere. As a folk divination phenomenon, it is absurd and irrational to make an inevitable judgment on the future through accidental contact in childhood. However, it reflects parents' deep feelings for their children, and at the same time it has a certain nature of family games, so it is different from superstitious activities. It is just a belief custom with human feelings and the pursuit of parenting. The record of grasping Zhou in historical documents can be traced back to the Southern and Northern Dynasties. There is a clear record in Yan Zhitui's Yan Family Instructions in the Northern Qi Dynasty: "It is a custom in the south of the Yangtze River that children are born (that is, one year old). For making new clothes, washing clothes and bathing, men use bows and arrows, paper and pens, while women use knives, rulers, needles and wisps, and add food and treasure to play. Before leaving them, observe what they are going to take away. Many writings, when discussing the history of the custom of grasping Zhou, say that this custom was popular in Jiangnan area at least in the Southern and Northern Dynasties, and gradually spread to all parts of the country in the Sui and Tang Dynasties. In the Tang and Song Dynasties, this custom spread from the south of the Yangtze River to China, and gradually spread to all parts of the country, known as "Shen" or "Zhou". In the Song Dynasty, Meng Yuanlao recorded in Dream of China in Tokyo that after the birth of the folk, "things laid on the ground, such as big fruits and trees, grain, official letters, pens and inkstones, scales, etc., were listed as gifts and given with books and needles. At first glance, they thought it was a sign, which was called' trial'. "In the Yuan and Ming Dynasties, this custom became more prevalent and was called the celebration period. It was not until the Qing Dynasty that it was called "grasping the week" and "trying the week". In Chapter 19 of Heroes of Children, an interesting story about grasping Zhou was recorded in detail: "This year is your first birthday, and I'm going to congratulate your parents. That day, your parents put many things on the kang, such as needle and thread rulers, pink hairpin rings, pen and ink books, abacus, gold and silver money, and bought many tricks in the temple, inviting me in to watch you catch Tuesday. "At the end of the Qing Dynasty and the beginning of the Republic of China, this kind of children's' catch Tuesday' ceremony was still popular in Beijing. Although children don't put up tents to hold banquets or invite guests, all close relatives congratulate and get together. Generally speaking, we don't give big gifts (such as wedding gifts and gold and silver jewelry) but just buy some cakes, food or toys for children. In addition, it is customary for all elders to use a white thread, tie a coin and put it around their necks, which is called "hanging the thread" (this ceremony is also applicable at ordinary times). Nowadays, in many places, when children reach the age of one, there is a custom of "grasping the week", but there is no superstitious content, which is purely a fun game to help children be happy at the age of one. And this can also be said to be a "heritage" of our ancient folk culture. Customs of all ethnic groups The customs of Korean people in child-rearing include "giving birth to gods", "celebrating Sanqi", "celebrating a hundred years" and "grasping the week", among which "grasping the week" is the most grand. Grasping things for the baby's first birthday means that he has passed the first spring, summer, autumn and winter safely on the road of life. Therefore, to hold a banquet, one is to celebrate the healthy growth of children, and the other is to pin the good expectations of adults on children. Celebrating one-year-old birthday mainly includes offering sincerity to the "three gods" (also known as "birthday gods"), putting on a new shroud for the baby, grasping the week, sharing birthday cakes and other customs. On the day before the child's first birthday, we must first be sincere to the "Three Gods". Put a bowl of rice, seaweed soup and "clear water" on a small table, which is called "Three Gods Table". There is also a bowl of steamed rice cake on the table, and the child's mother or grandmother will kowtow devoutly while praying to the three gods table. On the first birthday, children should put on gorgeous new birthday clothes. Boys' clothes are usually pink pants, colorful sleeve coats, blue shawls and socks with country flowers. The girl is wearing a colorful sleeve coat, a long red dress and country socks. Both men and women should wear a "purse" symbolizing longevity, with peony, chrysanthemum and "purse" with the words "longevity" and "happiness" written on the back. On the rope of the "bag", various accessories such as silver makeup knife, silver axe and silver fence should be tied. Grasping the week is the main etiquette to celebrate the first birthday. First, put knives, scissors, bows, pens, books, threads, money, abacus and several kinds of cakes and fruits on a kang table, which is called setting the table. The cakes placed on the dining table mainly include white ice cream (steamed rice cake), red sorghum cake, cakes, rice noodles and jiaozi. White ice cream represents a white heart, red sorghum cake represents exorcism, making cakes symbolizes perseverance, jiaozi (without stuffing) symbolizes economy and generosity, and rainbow symbolizes a bright future. After setting the table, put a foot-long cotton noodle or blanket in front of the table, and then the child's father or grandmother will hold the child on it and let him grab whatever is on the table and sweep it around the table several times to judge his future interests by what he catches first. If the first thing you grab is a knife and a bow, it indicates that you can have martial arts in the future; If it is a book and a pen, it indicates that there will be literary talent in the future; If it is a cake or something, it indicates a bad future. After the "Catch the Week", distribute the gold plate to friends and relatives. Anyone who gets the cake will give back some gifts as a thank you. Koreans give their children a first birthday with only one content: "Catch the Week". When the child grabbed something on the table, relatives praised the child in different languages and put some coins on the table to congratulate him. The Hui people's ceremony of grasping the Zhou Dynasty is also called the year-old ceremony, commonly known as grasping the year. This is a common etiquette among Hui people, especially for the first-born Hui people, or people who are infertile to bring other people's children. The age-catching ceremony for Hui children is relatively simple. When the child is one year old, parents, grandfathers, grandmothers, etc. The children are very happy. They were busy preparing the New Year cake the night before or in the morning. Hui people are very particular about rice cakes, and choose superior flour, red dates, bean powder, sesame oil and other raw materials. The rice cake must be round, about three or four inches thick and about one foot in diameter, and steamed in a steamer. Pay attention to kindness and generosity. The pattern should be novel and beautiful, generally consisting of six to eight triangles. The pattern on each triangle must be peony, plum blossom, lotus flower and other flowers made of flour. Animals such as cats, dogs, rabbits and sheep are prohibited. Put a big red date in the center of each flower. The cake is white and soft, and tastes sweet and fragrant. People who cut cakes should choose elders or elderly people. Conditional Hui people will also slaughter chickens and sheep, make bean jelly and stew spiced lai. Because Hui people are distributed all over the country, the custom of making rice cakes is not exactly the same. In some places, Muslims only need to eat rice cakes, noodles and other staple foods on the day of catching up with the New Year. On the day of New Year's Eve, relatives, friends and neighbors will be invited to have dinner at home. Guests usually bring toys and other small gifts to their children to celebrate. When holding a New Year's Eve ceremony, the host will set a red table. On the table, he likes to put pens, brushes, notebooks and women's toys made of paper such as small planes, boats, knives and swords. Later, the mother or father will hold the child on the table and let the child grab it at will. The guests and the whole family look around the child together, hoping that the child can catch an ideal thing. According to Hui custom, if a child catches a pen and a notebook, it means that he will be a talented person who can write and draw in the future. If you pick up the sword, say that this child must be a warrior who plays sword dancing in the future. If you grab a pen and a sword, you think this child will become a general with both civil and military skills. If you want to catch small toys, you think it is a "elm knot in one's heart" that you eat, drink and be merry, love ease and can't become a talent. If a child catches nothing, he or she is called an idiot, a mediocre person and so on. When children catch pens, notebooks and other things, parents are happy and relaxed, holding their children high to celebrate their laughter, and the onlookers applaud! After the ceremony, the host will bring out rice cakes and scalding pot-stewed vegetables and have dinner with the guests to congratulate the children on their safe and healthy growth every year. Conditional Hui families steam a rice cake every year on their children's birthdays, and celebrate and commemorate it within their own families without inviting guests. This custom continues until girls reach the age of 9 and boys reach the age of 12. Ba Jun Ethnic Group The Ba Jun ethnic group in East Africa is popular with a naming method similar to China's "grasping the week", which is to write many names selected in advance on the leaves and let the 7-day-old baby grasp it by himself, and use which name when he catches it; Because the peoples in the Great Rift Valley in Central Africa are located at the crossroads of Africa, wars have been frequent since ancient times, and naming children is often full of sadness. For example, Rujibala people often name their children as lazy, annoying, stingy and without Han Niu, which is often a shortcoming of their parents or a family dilemma, with a self-deprecating meaning; Banyolo people often name their children "poor" and "homeless", which is a vivid record of tribal disputes, diseases and plagues. According to historical documents, Yan's Family Instructions and Wind Exercises recorded: "It is a custom in the south of the Yangtze River for a child to make new clothes, bathe and decorate when he is one year old, and for men to use bows and arrows, paper and pens, and for women to use knives, rulers, needles and wisps, to add food and treasure, and to play in front of him. See what he has taken from his heart, test his greed, honesty and ignorance, and call it a test. Get together with your relatives and enjoy it with a feast. " This custom was more popular in the Tang and Song Dynasties. For example, Wu Zetian once called all the emperors and grandchildren to the main hall to watch them play. "Take the cups and plates of Yuhuan and pay tribute to the countries in the western regions, and list them before and after, so as to compete for their interests and observe their aspirations." In the Song Dynasty, Wu's Dream described: "A week from (children) to the next year is called' week'. His family listed brocade mats, burned incense and candles, ate and drank fruits, his father and his father's toys, books, Taoist scriptures, scales, knives and scissors, buckets and colorful paintings in the study. On this day, relatives will provide food and hold banquets for relatives and friends. It can be imagined that the lively scene was full of guests at that time. It was not until the Qing Dynasty that it was called "grasping the week". The etiquette of grasping the Zhou Dynasty in the imperial palace of the Qing Dynasty was unusual, and the furnishings were quite different from those of the people. For example, "History of Zhou Dynasty Palace" records: "(Royal) arrested Zhou case with jade Chen, two jade fans, a gold spoon, a round silver box, a big rhinoceros clock, a study, a fruit banquet, and the inner palace supervisor handed it over to the Ministry of Internal Affairs for preparation." According to records, the main items of Capture Week are Four Treasures of the Study, scales and abacus, money and ornaments, food toys, chimes and antiques. Instructions for use: on the day when the baby is one year old, wash and dress the baby, put on new clothes and start to worship the ancestors. Tell the ancestors that the baby is one year old and pray for the healthy growth of the baby. Then choose a spacious house, arrange two square tables in the middle, spread cloth or mats on them, put the prepared items at one end of the table in a semi-arc shape, and take the baby to the other end of the table, so that the baby can grasp the happiness on the table and predict the baby's interests, hobbies and possible careers in the future according to the grabbed items. In this process, you can use a camera or video recorder to record the whole unforgettable process of your baby grasping the week. Grasp the precautions of the week 1. The music selected for the week should be of the same size (no interference, easy to grasp). Grab item 2 of the week. Grab the selected weekly music of the same color (do not cause visual interference). 3. The selected Zhou Le must be the baby's first contact object. 4. Relatives and friends should not interfere in the process of grasping Zhou. 5. Just grab it twice. 6. We should hold a week's catching activity before lunch. Representative significance 1, book: able to read, suitable for being a scholar and expert 2, pen and ink: able to become a writer and painter Qian Zhongshu grasping Zhou and grabbing his name 3, seal: powerful and powerful, able to be a big official 4, abacus/calculator: able to be a businessman and accountant, suitable for doing business 5, coin: rich in the future 6, drumstick: blessed, representing that you have no worries about food and clothing all your life. 7. Ruler: You can be a designer and an architect in the future. 8. Onion: To be smart. 9. Garlic: Because I am good at calculating and grasping the week. Celery: For diligence. 1 1. Straw: Suitable for farming. 12. Sword: As an officer and a policeman. Throughout the ages, people in different times always regard some classes and industries (occupations) as dignitaries, while others regard them as lowly, hoping that they will be rich and prosperous one day. If you have bad luck and can't realize your ideal, you turn to hope that future generations will get glory and glory, and you use the week to express this wish and prayer. With the development of society, the progress of science and the improvement of ideological and cultural level, people no longer believe in the theory of grasping the week to predict the future. Nowadays, grasping the week is more a fun game to help children be happy at the age of one, while paying attention to children's hobbies and future careers is to carry out pragmatic and meticulous education and training through scientific methods.