Excuse me, Xia Dynasty was the first dynasty in the history of China. Was there a dynasty before Xia Dynasty?

1. There may be another dynasty before Xia Dynasty, Yu Dynasty.

2. In 2002, a Chinese historian named Wang Shumin published a paper entitled "There was a Yu before Xia, Shang and Zhou Dynasties", which caused great repercussions in the history circle. The time of the Yu dynasty mentioned in this paper is roughly from the beginning of the 36th century BC to the beginning of 2 1 century BC, but there has always been great controversy. The Yu Dynasty was clearly recorded in the ancient books Zuo Zhuan and Guoyu, and Yao Shun was mentioned many times in the Confucian classic The Analects.

3. In the Book of Rites, Confucius once described the legendary Yu Dynasty like this: worrying about the summer, complaining about the people; The way of Yin and Zhou Dynasties is beyond our reach. Yin Zhouwen's Yu Xia is of the best quality. Yu Xia's articles are of high quality; The quality of Yin and Zhou Dynasties is beyond description.

People seldom complain about Yu Xia's laws. The people can't stand the tedious laws of the Yin and Zhou Dynasties. The simplicity and yin decoration have reached the peak. Although Yu Xia has literary ornaments, it is relatively simple; Although the Yin and Zhou Dynasties were simple, there were many decorations.

It can be seen that Confucius admired Yu and commented: "Although there are later authors, Emperor Yu is within reach. Jun Xia Tian, born selfless, died without a thick son; Children, like parents, have love and loyalty; Dear and respectful, safe and respectful, strong and loving, rich and polite, able to disperse; Its gentleman respects benevolence and fears righteousness, and is ashamed of wasting money. He is loyal but innocent, righteous and obedient, gentle and quiet, broad and discriminating. " Fu Xing says that both ability and political integrity are powerful and bright. If it weren't for the emperor, how could this happen? "

Yu Xia is simple, decorated by Yin.

The general idea is as follows: Although there were Ming kings in later generations, they couldn't catch up with Yu Shun. He is king in the world, born without selfishness, and died without children; Treating people like parents care for their children includes both unfortunate love, loyalty and repentance; Love is like a mother, dignity is like a father, and Anji Yuukyuuzan is respected, powerful, loved, rich and courteous, benefiting the people and impartial. People also respect benevolence and righteousness, are ashamed of the benefits of words, value ceremony over wealth, respect the monarch for not committing crimes, be loyal to the monarch and obey, be gentle and steady, and be tolerant without losing discretion. Fu said that the majesty of morality makes people awe, and the light of morality makes people obey. Who can do it except Yu Shun?

4. The pioneer of Yu Dynasty is Zhong Hua. According to the records of the ancient world, the founder of Yu is Yao's surname, Gui (Gu He), and his name is Zhong Hua. According to the ancient custom that women use their surnames and men use their surnames, his name is Hua. This name is very strange to most people, but when it comes to posthumous title after his death, it is estimated that most people know it-Shun, later known as Yu Shun, Dashun and Shun Di. Hua was born in Yu tribe, and the ancient kingdom he founded was called Yu. Historical Records once listed Yu's lineage: Changyi, Zhuan Xu, Jingkang, Qiaoniu and Zhonghua (Shun). Changyi is the son of the Yellow Emperor. From claiming the emperor to Shun, the middle four generations have low status and are all civilians.

Shun was famous for his filial piety when he was young. He was promoted by Yao at the age of 30. At the age of 50, he served as an agent for government affairs. At the age of 58, Yao died, 6 1 year old, and he succeeded Yao as the son of heaven. After 39 years in office, he died on his way to Cangwu in the south and was buried in Lingling. After Shun ascended the throne, he took the son of heaven's car to see the man who wanted to kill his father and named his brother a vassal. Shun's son didn't succeed in business, so Shun let Yu succeed him. After three years of filial piety, Yu gave him the throne. However, the princes only surrendered to Yu, and Yu had to ascend. The son of Yao and the son of Shun enfeoffed Tang and Yu. Of course, this is the result of Sima Qian's textual research The Chronicle of Bamboo Slips says the opposite-"Yaode was in decline in the past and was imprisoned by Shun. Shun imprisoned Yao in Pingyang and seized the throne. After suppressing Dani, I won't see my father. " In those days, Yao Di's moral decline, Shun imprisoned him in Pingyang, staged a coup and ascended the throne himself. At the same time, Yao's son was locked up so that his father and son could not meet. If this record is true, it shows that the establishment of the Yu dynasty is also full of blood, not making way for merit, but for harmony.

6. Shun is a native of Dongyi, and Yu is located in western Shandong (now southwest of Shandong) and northern Henan. The lieutenants are Yu, Qi, Hou Ji, Boyi, Kui, Long, Xu, Boyi, etc. Among them, they are responsible for criminal trial. Boyi is responsible for etiquette; Responsible for all work; Boyi is in charge of mountains and lakes; Give up being in charge of agriculture; Deed in charge of education; The dragon is in charge of reception. According to historical records, from the Yellow Emperor to Yao, Shun and Yu all share the same surname, but there are different countries. There are bears on the Yellow Emperor, Zhuan Xu on Levin, Gao Xin, Yao on Tang Tao and Shun on Shun. Hou, and they are all from the company. So the so-called Xia, Shang and Zhou Dynasties are actually the three generations of Yu, Xia and Shang. Then, when the Zhou Dynasty was established, where did all the descendants of the Yu Dynasty go? This is the "Tian Daiqi" in history. According to records, after the establishment of the Zhou Dynasty, the "three-branch system" was established, that is, the descendants of the Xia and Shang emperors were conferred, among which the descendants of Yu were sealed in Chen; Later generations of Xia Dynasty were sealed in Qi; Later generations of Shang Dynasty were sealed in Song Dynasty. That is, Chen, Qi and Song in the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period. The founding monarch of Chen was Gui Man, whose capital was in Zhu Ye (now Zhecheng County, Henan Province) and later moved to Wanqiu (now Huaiyang County, Henan Province). He was the first official in the Western Zhou Dynasty, and his descendants took the country as their surname, Chen. In 568, the State of Chen was founded, and * * * succeeded to the throne in the 25th century, which was destroyed by the State of Chu at the end of the Spring and Autumn Period. Before the demise of Chen State, Chen Wan, Chen's son, fled to Qi State, and was later named Doctor Qi. Because Tian is the same as Chen Guyin, after Chen Wan's death, his descendants changed their fields. Wu Yu, the fifth grandson of Chen Wan, began to govern Qi, and later generations Sima Yi was a famous strategist. The seventh Sun Tianheng monopolized the power of Qi, and the eighth Sun Tianhe exiled Qi Kanggong to the island, "eating the city first", and He Tian stood on his own feet as king. This is the "Tian Daiqi" in history. At the end of the Warring States Period, Tian Ji was destroyed by the State of Qin, and Tian Jian, the king of Qi, was moved to * * * (now Huixian County, Henan Province), and Tian Jia fled everywhere. When Liu Bang moved to Kanto in the early Han Dynasty, the Tian family became a noble family in Yangling (now Xianyang, Shaanxi Province) and flourished in Peiping (now Mancheng, Hebei Province). During the Yongjia period of the Western Jin Dynasty, Tian began to spread widely in the south of the Yangtze River. After the continuous development of Tang, Song, Ming and Qing Dynasties, Tian's family was widely distributed in China, mainly in Henan, Sichuan, Shandong and Hebei.