Legend of White Snake in Four Chinese Folk Stories

The legend of White Snake is widely circulated in China. At first, it was spread orally. Later, it appeared in various forms such as commenting on stories, telling stories and playing lyrics, and gradually evolved into a drama performance. Later, there were novels, and after the Republic of China, there were operas, Taiwanese operas and cartoons.

In modern times, there are also films based on the legend of the White Snake, modern dances, new novels and so on. This story appeared in the name of Legend of the White Snake, probably in the late Qing Dynasty, and there was no fixed name before.

The Legend of the White Snake is not only circulated in China, but also made into a movie in Japan. French sinologist stanislas Julien also translated The Legend of the White Snake into French. Because the story of Legend of the White Snake was mainly passed down from mouth to mouth in the early days, different versions and details were derived.

Some original stories ended with the White Snake being suppressed under the Leifeng Pagoda, some versions had the plot that the White Snake gave birth, and some versions had the happy ending that the son of the White Snake won the first prize and sacrificed the pagoda to save his mother.

But the basic elements of this story are generally believed to have existed in the Southern Song Dynasty. At present, the earliest shaping story of the white snake legend is recorded in Feng Menglong's Warning Story, Volume 28, White Snake Leifeng Pagoda in Yongzhen.

In the early years of Qing Dynasty, Huang Tu's "Leifeng Pagoda" (Wang Shan Pavilion) was the earliest opera in China. He only wrote that the white snake was suppressed under the Leifeng pagoda, and there was no sacrifice to the pagoda.

Later, The Old Manuscript of Liyuan (probably written by Chen's father and daughter, but the existing score is incomplete) is a widely circulated book, with the plot that a white snake gives birth to a child.

Character introduction:

1, White Snake

White Snake, born in Qingcheng Mountain, Chengdu, Sichuan, is a white snake essence who has practiced for thousands of years. Legend has it that he is a disciple of Lishan's mother and the hero of Legend of the White Snake, one of the four ancient folk love legends. Bai Niangzi practiced Taoism in Qingcheng Mountain and Emei Mountain, and her magic was high.

Her beauty is peerless, her eyes are bright and her teeth are white. She is beautiful, elegant and noble in the world. He was kind-hearted, used medicine to help the world and benefit the people of Li, and his merits were boundless.

White Snake and Xu Xian met in the West Lake, fell in love at first sight and got married. Fahai, a monk in Jinshan Temple, bewitched Xu Xian and alienated the feelings of husband and wife. Xu Xian listened to rumors and left home for Jinshan. From Bai Niangzi to Jinshan Suofu, there was a struggle with Fahai, which caused the water to overflow Jinshan.

Fahai dispersed them by force and put Mrs. White Snake under the Leifeng Tower. Twenty years later, Xu Shilin, the son of White Snake, won the top prize in Xiaogan, and White Snake finally got out of the tower and returned to Xiansaka.

2. Xu Xian

Xu Xian, whose handwriting is China's, is now the legend of white snake, a hero in ancient folklore in China. In early legends, Xu Xian was called "Xi Xuanzan", and later called "Xi Xuanzan" and "Xu Xuan".

3. Fahai

The real Fahai does exist in history. Although the prototype identity is still controversial, it is certain that he is a Taoist priest, and some people think that he is a monk who made outstanding achievements in the development of Buddhism in China in the Tang Dynasty.

There are several monks named Fahai in history, and the most famous one is Fahai Zen Master of Jinshan Temple. In film and television dramas, Fahai is a successful role: whether it is the old Fahai in The Legend of the New White Snake or the cool Fahai in The Green Snake.

They are all indispensable and important characters in the plot performance of the play, leaving people with multiple impressions of being both righteous and evil, persistent and insidious, cold and affectionate, which makes people deeply touched, entangled, worshipped or hated.

Baidu Encyclopedia-Four China Folk Stories

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The questioner's evaluation of the answer:

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Story origin: 1. The legend of the Cowherd and the Weaver Girl began with the records of "Weaver Girl" and "Weaver Girl" in The Book of Songs. Nineteen ancient poems, jumping between cowherd and weaver girl, were once called cowherd and weaver girl. The story in Ying Shao's "Custom Pass" has been initially formed and combined with the custom of Qixi. 2. The legend of Meng Jiangnu Meng Jiangnu originated from Zuo Zhuan, in which Qi Liang's wife refused to hang on the outskirts of Qi Hou and observed the records of etiquette. Later, in "Talking about the Public", it was added that "Qi Zhuanggong attacked Ju and Qi Liang died. The sadness of his wife crying when she met him on the road is the prototype of the story. Tang (anonymous) "Jade Collection" records: "In Qin Dynasty, Yan Qiliang married his daughter Zhong Zi and was killed by officials who built the Great Wall. Zhong Zi cried under the Great Wall, and the city collapsed. "In the Qin Dynasty, there was a Yan man named Qi Liang who married a wife named Meng Zhongzi. Zhong Ziqi came to the Great Wall and cried because he was killed by a supervisor when he was on the Great Wall in Liang Xiujian. It can be seen that this legend has prevailed in the Tang Dynasty, but Meng Zhongzi and Qi Liang were renamed Meng Jiangnu and Fan Xiliang in the legend. 3. Liang Zhu's story was first seen in Tang Zaiyan's Ten Stories and Four Stories, which recorded the story of Liang and Zhu's "two classmates" and "the same tomb". In the late Tang Dynasty, Zhang Du's Xuan Baozhi recorded this in detail. By the Ming Dynasty, Feng Menglong's ancient and modern novels had more plots of "English and Taiwan were puzzled, and Liang Shanbo was suspicious and turned into a butterfly". 4. The story of White Snake and Xu Xian White Snake was formed at the latest, and its origin: First, it originated from the legendary white snake in the Tang Dynasty; One theory originated from the three towers of the West Lake. By the time of Feng Menglong's "The White Snake Forever True Leifeng Pagoda" (namely "Warning") in the Ming Dynasty, the story had been initially finalized.