What posthumous title did Li Hongzhang and Zhang Zhidong seal after their death?

Li Hongzhang, Shi Wenzhong, Zhang Zhidong, Shi Wen Xiang.

1, Li Hongzhang

As an important official in the late Qing Dynasty, Li Hongzhang was the founder and commander-in-chief of the Huai Army and Beiyang Navy, and one of the leaders of the Westernization Movement. He established China's first Western-style navy, Beiyang Navy, and first-class general Su Yibo.

He participated in a series of major historical events in his life, including the suppression of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom Movement, the suppression of the Nian Army Uprising, the Westernization Movement and the Sino-Japanese War. On behalf of the Qing government, he signed a series of unequal treaties, such as the Vietnam Treaty, the treaty of shimonoseki, the Concise Treaty between China and France, and the Xin Chou Treaty.

Japanese Prime Minister Hirofumi Ito is regarded as "the only person in the Qing Empire who can compete with the world powers", German Navy Minister Conal is regarded as "Oriental Bismarck" and Empress Dowager Cixi is regarded as "recreating Huang Zhi people".

Together with Zeng Guofan, Zhang Zhidong and Zuo, they are also called "four famous ministers of ZTE". After his death, he was posthumously awarded as a teacher, a first-class Sue, and posthumous title Wenzhong.

2. Zhang Zhidong

Zhang Zhidong was the leader of the Qing school in his early years and later became the main representative of the Westernization School.

In education, he founded Qiangzi School (now the predecessor of Wuhan University), Sanjiang Normal School (now the predecessor of Nanjing University), Hubei Agricultural School, Hubei Wuchang Mengyang College, Hubei Technology School, Ci 'en School (Nanpi No.1 Middle School) and Guangya Academy. ?

Politically, it advocates that "middle school is the body and western learning is the use". In industry, Hanyang Iron Works, Daye Iron Mine and Hubei Gun Works have been established.

When Eight-Nation Alliance invaded, Dagubao fell, and Zhang Zhidong, together with Liu Kunyi, Governor of Liangjiang, negotiated with the consul in Shanghai about "mutual protection in the southeast" and suppressed the independent army uprisings of the reformists such as Tang, Gui Lin and Qin Lishan.

In the thirty-fourth year of Guangxu (1908)10/month, in order to take care of the life of the minister, Prince Jin Taibao, he died the following year in Shi Wenxiang.

Extended data:

Posthumous title, the minister of the Qing Dynasty, is as follows:

Posthumous title defines the word "Wen" with strict regulations. Among posthumous title, Zheng Wen is the highest, followed by Wen Zhen, Wencheng and Wenzhong. The above four items are the highest posthumous title.

In order: Duan, Ding, Jian, Yi, Su, Yi, Xian, Zhuang, Jing, Yu, Jie, Yi, Jing, Mu, Zhao, Ke, Gong, Xiang, Qing, Xiu, Kang, Jie, Min, Da, Tong, Jie, An, Lie and He. ?

Baidu encyclopedia-Zhang Zhidong

Baidu Encyclopedia-Li Hongzhang