Details of Zhuge Liang

Zhuge Liang (181.4.14-234.8.28), a native of Wolong, Yang Du, Ye Lang, Han nationality, was an outstanding politician, strategist, strategist and strategist in the Three Kingdoms period. Premier Shu Han. Shi Yue is loyal to Wu Hou.

Personal data:

Body: It is eight feet long (about 65,438+0.83 meters) and has a great appearance. Different people in different times (from Zhuge Liang Collection by Chen Shou, see the attachment of Zhuge Liang Biography of Three Kingdoms).

Official position: The Prime Minister appointed a captain Yizhou to record the affairs of ministers.

Title: marquis of Wuxiang

Ancestor: Zhuge Feng (a captain of Li Si in Han Dynasty)

Father: Zhuge Jue (Cheng of Taishan County in the late Eastern Han Dynasty)

Zhuge Liang's mother: Zhang

Uncle: Zhuge Xuan.

Spouse: Huang

Brothers: Zhu Gejin (elder brother) and Zhuge Jun (younger brother).

Children: Zhuge Zhan (parent-child) Zhuge Qiao (adopted son, actually the son of his eldest brother Zhu Gejin).

Grandson; Zhuge Shang (looking at the eldest son) Zhuge Jing (looking at the second son) Zhuge Pan (,was later sentenced to Zhuge Ke, copied the stuff, so he returned to the door)

Great-grandson: Zhuge Xian (Pan Zi)

Cultivate Nanyang

In the second year of Jian 'an (AD 197), Zhuge Xuan died of illness. Zhuge Liang and his younger brother are farming in Longzhong, Nanyang. The songs that Liang often reads often compare himself with Guan Zhong and Guan Zhong. At that time, people disagreed with him. Only Xu Shu, Cui and Shi Tao believe in his talent. Known as "Wolong". Make friends with Jingzhou celebrities, Pang Degong and Huang. Huang Chengyan once said to Zhuge Liang: "Wen Jun chooses his wife; Ugly girls with yellow heads and blackheads, but they are all worthy of matching. I heard that you want to choose a wife. There is an ugly girl in my family with yellow hair and dark skin, but her talent can rival yours. ) "Zhuge Liang agreed to this marriage and immediately married her. At that time, people played it as a joke, and there was even a proverb in the village: "Don't choose a wife for Kong Ming, you will get an ugly woman."

Longzhongdui

At that time, Liu Bei was attached to Liu Biao and stationed troops in a new field. Later, when I visited Si Mahui, I heard him say, "Do Confucian scholars and laymen know current events? People who know the times care about Jie Jun. There are Long Fu and Feng Chu. Those Confucian scholars are all people with shallow knowledge. How can they understand the current situation? A hero is one who can understand current events and the current situation. At this time only Long Fu (Zhuge Liang) and Feng Chu (Pang Tong). Later, he was recommended by Xu Shu and wanted Xu Shu to introduce him, but Xu Shu said, "This man can be seen, but he can't be dragged into trouble. "The general should drive in vain. The man can go to see him, but he can't condescend to it. The general should condescend to visit each other. )"

Liu Bei personally visited Zhuge Liang and met Zhuge Liang three times (he said he met Zhuge Liang all three times). Liu Bei told others to avoid him and asked Zhuge Liang, "The Han Dynasty is dead, the traitor stole his life, and the Lord is covered with dust." Loneliness, I want to believe that justice is higher than the world, and my wisdom is short-lived, so I use it wildly. As for today. However, the ambition is still not over. Do you think the plan will be safe? Nowadays, the Han dynasty is declining, and the traitor is holding the emperor to make the princes and the emperor fall out of power. I didn't measure my virtue and ability, and wanted to revive the world with justice, but my wisdom and strategy were short-lived and insufficient, so I often failed until today. But my ambition has not yet come true. Do you have any strategies to help me? ) "Liang replied:" Since Dong Zhuo came, heroes have risen together, and countless people have crossed the county and even joined the county. Compared with Yuan Shao, Cao Cao has a small name and a small number of people. However, defeating Cao and defeating the strong with the weak not only changed the weather, but also suppressed others. Today, Cao Cao has a million people. He is a vassal of the emperor. This sincerity is beyond dispute. According to Sun Quan, he has lived in Jiangdong for three generations. The country is in danger and the people depend on it. He can use it. It can be used for aid, but not for profit. Jingzhou is bordered by Han and Mian in the north, benefiting from the South China Sea, Wu Hui in the east and Bashu in the west. This is a country that uses Wushu, but its owner can't keep it. This is almost heaven, so it is a general. Does the general care? Yizhou is a dangerous place, fertile land is thousands of miles away, and the land of abundance makes Gaozu emperor. Liu Zhang is weak, Zhang Lu is in the north, the people are rich but don't know how to scrimp, and the smart people think they are smart. The general is not only the emperor's palace, but also loyal to the four seas. He is a hero, eager for wisdom. If there are advantages and interests, he will protect his rock resistance, he will be brave in the west and south, and he will have good external relations with Sun Quan and internal politics. If the world changes, the general will be ordered to take Jingzhou's army to Wanhe Luo, and the general will lead the people of Yizhou to leave Qinchuan. Who dares to greet the general without eating kettle pulp? If so, hegemony can be achieved and the Han family can prosper. " (Zhuge Liang then told him the plan to divide the world into three parts, and analyzed the situation that Cao Cao was not desirable and Sun Quan could help; It also expounds that the monarchies of Jing and Yi are weak, and only by owning these two countries can they win, which shows the necessity and possibility of capturing these two countries. He also told Liu Bei about the strategy of attacking the Central Plains. This theory was later called Longzhong Dui (Longzhong Dui is still controversial, it is said that Cao Lu Dui), and Liu Bei praised it even more, so Zhuge Liang began to serve Liu Bei. Liu Bei often talks with him, and his relationship is getting closer and closer. Guan Yu, Zhang Fei and others were greatly displeased. Liu Bei explained to them: "There is Kong Ming in solitude and water in fish. I wish you wouldn't say anything more. I have Kong Ming, just like fish has water. I wish you would stop talking about it. Guan Yu and Zhang Fei stopped complaining.

Make a statement about crossing the river.

At that time, Liu Biao's son Liu Qi became increasingly dissatisfied with Liu Qi because of his stepmother's influence. Liu Qi attached great importance to Zhuge Liang, so he asked Zhuge Liang for self-defense several times. However, Zhuge Liang often refused, and Liu Qi asked Zhuge Liang to tell the solution by taking the ladder from home at a banquet. Zhuge Liang asked Liu Qi, "Don't you know that Shen Sheng is in danger and Zhong Er is safe outside?" You didn't see Shen Sheng in the Spring and Autumn Period. You are very dangerous, but can Zhong Er be safe outside? ) "Liu Qi knew what he meant, but Huang Zu was killed by Sun Jun, and Liu Qi was recommended as Jiangxia Prefecture.

In August 2008, Liu Biao died of illness, and his second son, Liu Cong, succeeded him. Hearing the news that Cao Cao was going south, he sent an envoy to surrender. After learning the news of Fancheng, Liu Bei led the army and civilians to flee south. Cao Jun caught up with Liu Jun in Changban, Dangyang, and Xu Shu's mother was tricked into Cao Cao's territory. Xu Shu had to surrender to Cao Cao. Before Liu Bei arrived in Xiakou, Sun Quan sent Lu Su to observe the situation and suggested to Liu Bei to ask Sun Quan for help. Zhuge Liang recommended himself to Chai Sang and became friends with Lu Su. After arriving in Chaisang, Zhuge Liang met Sun Quan. First, he gave Sun Quan two choices by dichotomy: "If you can compete with the people of wuyue for China, it is better to break off diplomatic relations with them as soon as possible (if you can compete with the people of wuyue for the country of the Central Plains, it is better to break off diplomatic relations with Cao Cao as soon as possible)", and another choice is to provoke him "If not, why not put the case in the north and let it develop! If you think you can't resist it, why don't you stop military action and surrender to the north! " "North" has a double meaning here: first, Cao Cao was in the north at that time, and second, when the monarch and the minister met, officials usually faced the north. )"

Sun Quan asked Zhuge Liang why Liu Bei didn't surrender. Zhuge Liang raised Liu Bei's status, saying that Liu Bei was upright and would never surrender, to show Sun Liuquan's determination. Sun Quan was furious and vowed not to surrender to Cao Cao, but he was worried about how many troops Liu Bei had left to fight. Zhuge Liang finally analyzed the situation of the two armies. First of all, he said that Guan Yu's army and water army had 1 10,000 people, and the Jiangxia soldiers in Liu Qifan were not less than 1 10,000 people. Let's talk about Cao Jun's tiredness from a long distance, chasing Liu Beishi and riding a light bicycle for more than 300 miles a day and night. It is precisely "a spent force, it is impossible to wear Lu Tao"; Moreover, northerners don't learn water warfare, and Jingzhou people are forced to obey Cao Cao and refuse to admit defeat; Finally, it is certain that Cao defeated Cao Can. Sun Quan was very happy, and then he was lobbied by Lu Su and Zhou Yu, and decided to unite with Liu Kang to fight Cao. Zhou Yu, Cheng Pu and Lu Su were sent to lead 30,000 water troops to fight against Cao Cao. Zhuge Liang returned to Liu Bei with his army. 165438+ In October, Cao Cao was defeated in Chibi and returned to the north.

Adequate food, weapons and equipment

After Battle of Red Cliffs, in February 65438, Liu Bei pacified the four counties in Jingnan, appointed and removed Zhuge Liang as the military commander, lived in Lin Xuan, and ordered Lingling, Guiyang and Changsha counties to adjust taxes and enrich their military assets. 2 1 1 year, Yizhou Pastoral Liu Zhang asked Liu Bei to assist Zhang Lu. Zhuge Liang, Guan Yu, Zhang Fei and others guarded Jingzhou. In February of 65438+, Liu Bei broke with Liu Zhang and attacked Chengdu. Zhuge Liang, Zhang Fei, Zhao Yun and others went to Shu to help out, leaving Guan Yu in charge of Jingzhou's defense, dividing troops to pacify counties and counties, and forming a capital with Liu Bei. By 2 14, Liu Zhang surrendered and Liu Bei entered Yizhou.

Zhuge Liang received 500 Jin of gold, 1000 Jin of silver, 50 million yuan and 1000 brocade, and was appointed as a military adviser and general, in charge of the general's office. Every time Liu Bei sent troops to attack, Zhuge Liang was responsible for guarding Chengdu and providing Liu Bei with adequate food and clothing. For example, in the battle of Hanzhong, he provided resources for Liu Bei, who had been defeated repeatedly. In 220, Cao Pi usurped Han independence. In 22 1 year, ministers heard the news of the murder of Emperor Xian of Han Dynasty and suggested that Liu Bei, who had become the king of Hanzhong, become the emperor. Liu Bei refused, and Zhuge Liang persuaded Liu Bei with the story of Geng Chun lobbying Liu Xiu to be the emperor. So Liu Bei agreed to let Zhuge Liang record the history of the Prime Minister and take a vacation. In the same year, Zhang Fei died and Zhuge Liang served as a captain.

(usually a dying emperor) entrust (usually a minister) with the care of his youngest son.

In August, 222, Liu Bei was defeated on the way to recover Jingzhou in the East Expedition and retreated to Yongan. Zhuge Liang lamented: Fa will die, or Liu Bei's crusade to the East will stop. In February 223, Liu Bei was seriously ill, called Zhuge Liang to Yong 'an, and entrusted Li Yan to handle the affairs. Liu Bei said to Zhuge Liang, "Your talent is only ten times that of Cao Pi. You will surely stabilize the country and eventually achieve great things. If the heir can add, add; If he is incompetent, you can bear it yourself. Your talent is ten times that of Cao Pi, and you will be able to stabilize the country and achieve great things in the end. If the adopted son (Liu Chan) can help, then help him; If he has no talent, you can take it yourself. Zhuge Liang said with tears, "I dare to use my strength to serve my country faithfully and then die!" I will try my best to serve the faithful solar terms until I die! ) "Liu Bei wanted Liu Chan and other sons to be Zhuge Liang's father, just to be an official with Zhuge Liang.

In April, Liu Bei died, and Liu Chan succeeded to the throne, making Zhuge Liang the marquis of Wuxiang and establishing an official position. Soon, Liu Chan relied on Zhuge Liang to take charge of Yizhou pastoral administration, which was decided by Zhuge Liang. It turned out that South China took the opportunity to rebel because of Liu Bei's crushing defeat. Zhuge Liang did not send his troops because the country had just lost its monarch, but sent Deng Zhi and Marco to Soochow for repair.

south

Until the spring of 225, Zhuge Liang led a great army south. Before he left, Liu Chan gave Zhuge Aliang a gold medallion and a curved cover. He advocated one before and one after, with 60 warriors. Later, Zhuge Liang went deep into the barren land (idiom: barren land is today's northern Myanmar, bhamo) to crusade against Lv Yong and Meng Huo. Zhuge Liang accepted Ma Su's advice to join the army, focusing on attacking the enemy. He first defeated Lv Yong's army, and then captured Meng Huo seven times, putting down all the chaos in autumn (see Zhuge Liang's southern expedition for details). The rich resources in southern Shu and Han provided military services for the country. When Shu became rich, it began to train soldiers and prepare for the Northern Expedition.

Northern Expedition (1926-1927)

In March of the fifth year of Jianxing (AD 227), Zhuge Liang took a model to see the late master and led his army to Hanzhong to prepare for the Northern Expedition. He trained in Hanzhong for about a year, and then attacked the north. Nan 'an (Longxi, Gansu), Tianshui and Anding (Jichuan, Gansu) of Wei immediately fell into the hands of Shu. Wei Mingdi went to Chang 'an to supervise the war, and Cao Zhen supervised the army, adopting the strategy of giving priority to defense. The Shu army first took Gu Jie Road as a threat to take the county seat, so that Zhao Yun and Deng Zhi led the suspected troops to Ji Gu (now northwest of Baocheng, Shaanxi Province), and Zhuge Liang led the main force to attack Qishan in the west. Ma Su, who joined the army, led an army as a pioneer and was stationed in the street pavilion. Ma Su command error, defeat, street pavilion. The Shu army lost its stronghold and had to return to Hanzhong. Zhuge Liang beheaded Ma Su, demoted him three times, and became prime minister as a right general.

In the winter of the sixth year of Jianxing (AD 228), Wei Jun attacked Wu on the third road, and Guanzhong was empty. Zhuge Liang led the army to the Northern Expedition again. The Shu army went through the big three passes this time, besieged Chencang for more than 20 days, and all the food was gone.

In the seventh year of Jianxing (AD 229), Zhuge Liang led the army to the Northern Expedition for the third time. The Shu army marched westward, occupied Weiwudu and Yin Ping, and then returned. Zhuge Liang was restored as prime minister.

In the ninth year of Jianxing (AD 23 1 year), Zhuge Liang cut Wei for the fourth time, and surrounded Qishan with cattle and horses to transport grain. Sima Yi was the commander-in-chief and overseer of the resistance movement. Sima Yi knew that the Shu army had come from afar and the food logistics was limited, so he insisted on taking risks and refused to participate in the war. Zhuge Liang ordered Li Yan to be responsible for the logistics supply in Hanzhong. Li Yan failed to raise food and grass in time, so he wrote to Zhuge Liang that the emperor ordered the withdrawal. After Zhuge Liang withdrew his troops, he lied to the court that withdrawing troops was to lure the enemy. After Zhuge Liang came back, he signed the list with many soldiers, impeached Li Yan, saved him as Shu Ren, and exiled him to Zitong.

In February of the 12th year of Jianxing (AD 234), Zhuge Liang made the fifth northern expedition and led a large army out of the oblique valley, according to Wuzhangyuan (now 40 miles south of Qishan County, Shaanxi Province). This time, I made an appointment with Wu Dong to attack Wei at the same time. However, Wu Dong has been slow to send troops. By May, Sun Pai and Lu Xun and Zhu Gejin camped in Jiangxia and Lukou (now Hanzhen, Hubei) to attack Xiangyang. Sun Quan led an army to encircle the new town. In this regard, Wei Mingdi's strategy is to defeat Wu Dong first. He personally led the water army eastward, so that Sima Yi, who was guarding the western front, insisted on not fighting and let the grain and grass of the Shu army retreat. However, when Sun Quan learned of Wei Zhu's intention, he thought that his side had become the main battlefield and suffered losses, that is, he ordered all the troops to retreat. On the western front. In view of the lessons from the past, Zhuge Liang divided his troops and settled in the field, intending to be stationed for a long time. In August of this year, Zhuge Liang suddenly fell ill and died suddenly at the front, at the age of 54. The Shu army retreated across the board. Liu Chan is useless. The Shu army was defeated.

Edit this paragraph in Zhuge Liang's chronology

Age, life and deeds

Zhuge Liang was born in Langxie, Yang Du (now yinan county, Shandong Province) on the 14th day of the fourth lunar month in18/year.

In the sixth year (189), Zhuge Liang's mother Zhang died at the age of 9.

Chuping 3 years 192 12 years old Zhuge Liang's father died.

In the first year of Xingping (194 years old), Zhuge Liang, his brother Zhuge Jun and his sister were adopted by his uncle Zhuge Xuan, and his brother Zhu Gejin went to Jiangdong with his stepmother.

In the second year of Xingping 195 15, Zhuge Liang's uncle Zhuge Xuan was appointed as the Zhang Yu satrap, and he and his brothers and sisters went to Zhang Yu (now Nanchang) with his uncle.

Zhuge Xuan died in the second year of Jian 'an at the age of 197. Zhuge Liang and his younger brother and sister moved to Nanyang.

In the fourth year of Jian 'an (199), Zhuge Liang and his friend Xu Shu, aged 19, studied with Mr. Si Mahui, a water mirror.

Jian 'an12 In 2007, 27-year-old Liu Bei visited this villa, and Zhuge Liang said to Liu Beichen, "Longzhong is right". Then he went out to help Liu Bei.

Jian 'an13 In 2008, 28-year-old Zhuge Liang sent messengers to Wu Dong to persuade Prince Sun Quan of Wu to resist Cao.

Jian 'an 14. In 2009, 29-year-old Zhuge Liang served as a corps commander.

Jian 'an 16 2 1 1 year 3 1 year Zhuge Liang, Guan Yu, Zhang Fei and Zhao Yun were guarding Jingzhou together.

Jian 'an19214 Zhuge Liang, 34, left Guan Yu to guard Jingzhou and split up with Zhang Fei and Zhao Yun to join forces with Liu Bei. Liu Bei captured Chengdu, Zhuge Liang served as the chief strategist and left the general office.

In 20 years of Jian 'an, 265438+2005, Zhuge Liang, 35, rectified the internal affairs of Bashu.

In the 23rd year of Jian 'an (2 18), 38-year-old Zhuge Liang stayed in Bashu to provide supplies for Liu Bei who was fighting in Hanzhong.

In the first year of Zhangwu in Shu, Liu Bei proclaimed himself emperor, with the title of "Han", which was called Shu in history. Zhuge Liang was appointed Prime Minister.

At the age of 43, in 223 of the first year of Shu Jianxing, Liu Bei defeated Baidicheng, leaving Zhuge Liang alone. After Liu Bei's death, Liu Chan acceded to the throne, named Zhuge Liang the marquis of Wuxiang, and led Yizhou to shepherd.

In 224, two years after the founding of Shu, Zhuge Liang, 44, adjusted the internal affairs of Bashu.

In the third year of Shu Jianxing, that is, in 225, Zhuge Liang, 45, led the army south to conquer barbarians.

In 227 AD, 47-year-old Zhuge Liang became a model, stationed troops in Hanzhong, and went to the Northern Expedition that day.

In the sixth year of lite (48 years old), Zhuge Liang beheaded Ma Su, demoted to the right general and became prime minister.

Seven years after the founding of Shu, Zhuge Liang, 49, went north again, captured Wudu and Yin Ping, and became prime minister again.

At the age of 50, Zhuge Liang made another northern expedition in the eighth year of Jianxing in Shu.

At the age of 5/kloc-0 in the 9th year of Jianxing in Shu, Zhuge Liang attacked Qishan in the Northern Expedition, defeated Wei Jun and killed the famous He in front of the wooden door.

In 233, 53-year-old Zhuge Liang built a mansion in Gu Jie to collect food.

Shu Jianxing12,234, 54-year-old Zhuge Liang went north again and died of illness due to overwork.

Edit the historical evaluation of this paragraph.

Chen Shou's History of the Three Kingdoms: Zhuge Liang is also concerned about the country and the people, showing etiquette, appointing people on their merits, obeying the power system, being sincere and fair; Although those who are loyal to the times will be rewarded, those who violate the law and neglect will be punished, those who confess and lose their feelings will be released, and those who are eloquent will be slaughtered. Good without reward, evil without fiber without degradation; Ordinary things are concise, physics is the foundation, reputation and responsibility are real, hypocrisy is contemptuous; Finally, those who fear and love it in the national territory, although the punishment and politics are severe, have no complaints, and their intentions are clear. It can be said that he is a talented person who knows how to govern. He is Xiao's horse. But after years of mobilization, it failed, and the cover strain will be slightly, which is not its strength!

Yuanzi: the law is strict and the people like it, and the people do it without complaint. Its soldiers come and go like guests. They don't fight or hunt, just like in the country. Its use of troops is also like a mountain, advancing and retreating like the wind. On the day the soldiers came out, the world shook, but people were not worried. In the decades after Liang's death, China people have been singing and thinking. For example, in the Zhou Dynasty, Confucius said that "harmony can also make the south", and Zhuge Liang was thoughtful.

Liu Bei: "Lonely with Kong Ming, fish with water. May you say nothing. " "As long as you are ten times as long as xelloss, you will be safe and sound, and finally achieve great things. If the heir can add, add; If it is not competent, you can bear it yourself. "

Si Mahui: "Do Confucian scholars and laymen know current events? People who know the times care about Jie Jun. There are Long Fu and Feng Chu. "

Meng Huo: "Gong, Tianwei also, Nanren no longer rebelled."

Jia Xu: "Zhuge Liang is good at governing the country."

Ye Liu: "Zhuge Liang is sensible, and he is a wise man."

Xu Shu: "This man can see it right away, but he can't be dragged into trouble. The general should be in charge. " "Zhu Gekongming, Wolong also"

Zhang Yi: "Public rewards are far away, but punishment is not near. You can't get something for nothing, and the punishment can't be exempted. This wise fool forgot his body. "

Yang Hong: "Zhuge Liang will try his best to use people."

Ma Liang: "Your brother should praise the world in time, and his career will bring glory to distant countries. It is appropriate to change your husband's consideration with elegance, judge your value with clarity, and be simple with talent. If it is the harmony between light and distance, it is a world of virtue, which makes time close to listening, the world obeys the Tao, and the voice is high and beautiful. Zheng and Wei's voice is correct, it is beneficial to things, and there is no relationship between them. This is the harmony between strings and teeth. "

Fan Jian: "If you smell evil, you should correct it instead of praising it. The letter of reward and punishment curses the gods. "

Zhang Wen: "However, when Zhuge Liang sees counting, he will know that God cares about the right things, and he will get the blessing of the imperial court and the heart to promote light."

Sima Yi: "The first genius in the world!"

Yang's "Han Jizan" praised Zhuge's prime minister: "I am loyal and brave, and I have made suggestions on the river, and I have been granted the true world. After being left behind by A Heng, he improved his martial arts and prose, applied Chen Dejiao, managed things and changed the wind direction, and was wise and stupid, forgetting his own body. In a quiet state, the four generations of Yi Sui came to the enemy's court many times to show off their strength, study the great country, and feel disgusted with it. "

Longhe: "The situation is bright, Germany and Fan are far and near, and the reputation is all over the world."

Sima Yan: "It's great to have this person to help me. How can I work today? "

Fu Gan: "Zhuge Liang knows how to change. He is right and has a plan. He is watching it."

Guo Chong: "Jincheng Guo Chong believes that if you have wisdom and cleverness, you will be surpassed and your achievements will not be good. Those who are confused by the five Ming Dynasties cannot be heard in the world, and Bao and others cannot reply. " Wang Fufeng is generous and good at taking the lead. "

Liu Chan wrote a letter: "Ma Su was the chief culprit in the battle of street kiosks, but you humiliated me and went against your wishes. The year before last, Yao Shi smashed Xinmeile Co., Ltd.; At this age, Guo Huai fled; The surrender of Bian and Qiang, the revival of the two counties and the ferocity of Megatron are all obvious. Today, Fang was harassed, but Yuan Xie was not an owl. You have been entrusted with a great responsibility. You have done the heavy work of the country, but you have lost yourself for a long time. This is why you beautify Hong Lie. Since you are the prime minister, you should not resign. " "Only your body and resources are both civil and military. You are clear and sincere. You are entrusted with orphans. You can help me bow, and after the prosperity, you will be quiet and chaotic; Therefore, the transfer of the Sixth Division is important, Wei is barren, heavy, and proud of Yizhou. Why don't you hang up? Things are going to be awkward. You're dying! I mourn sadly, my heart is cracked. Fu Chongde's preface is meritorious, and Ji Xing's posthumous gift is immortal. Today, the viceroy has given Prime Minister Wu the title of loyal marquis. The soul has spirit, and Jia Zirong. Alas! Hey! "

Later generations praised Zhuge Liang's loyalty and deeds, such as:

Emperor Kangxi of the Qing Dynasty: "Zhuge Liang Yun: Do your best to die. Only Zhuge Liang can become such a minister. "

Sun Qiao in Tang Dynasty: "Wuhou has been dead for almost 500 years. So far, the people of Liang and Han have a strong heritage, temples and admirers are there, and their love for the people is so long. "

In the Western Jin Dynasty, Mei Taozan Tao Kan said, "The machine god is like Wei Wu, and the loyalty is like Kong Ming."

Chang Qu in the Eastern Jin Dynasty: "Governing the country is polite to the people, no regrets, no lynching, no tears."

Wang Tong of the Sui Dynasty said, "Zhuge Liang will not die, and the rites and music will flourish."

"Tang Cui Wen" recorded what Shangqi said in the Preface to the Inscription of the Temple of Wuhou in Zhuge: "Make official books and temples eat them, and make them into a canon instead of publishing them." Every time there is a popular grass movement in Yamanouchi, it looks like a powerful god. If there is a drought in old age, the people of the country will pray for clouds and rain, which means that survival and no one will benefit, and life and death will be the same. Death is immortal, but it is more expensive than life. "Another article Lu Wen's" Zhuge Wuhou Temple "said:" If you don't gather great glory, heaven will seize its soul. Sincerely unforgettable, the ice is in the sun and the moon, and the ferocity does not come away. This is a thunderstorm. "

Du Fu, a famous poet in the Tang Dynasty, once praised Zhuge Liang's deeds and wrote several poems about Zhuge Liang, including Shu Xiang (including two poems with the same name), Four Poems about Historical Sites, Zhu Gekongming, Eight Arrays, A Journey to Cooper, Wuhou Temple, Zhuge Temple and Ge Ye. In Shuxiang, the third call made him responsible for state affairs, and he gave his heart to two generations. But before he conquered, he was dead, and heroes cried on their coats from then on, which became a famous sentence about Zhuge Liang's life in the future.

Other poets also praised Zhuge Liang in many poems, such as Reading Zhuge Wuhou's Book and Giving Uncle Cui Shaofu of Chang 'an a Kunji, Zhuge Wuhou by Wang Anshi, a statesman and writer in the Song Dynasty, Wuhou Temple by Yang Shen, a writer in the Ming Dynasty, Shu Dao Qi by Guo Moruo, a modern historian, and Dong Helu, a modern politician.

Mao Zedong commented: "It started with Longzhong's confrontation with China. It is thousands of miles away and divided into two forces. In the end, Guan Yu, Liu Bei and Zhuge Liang were invincible. " The previous sentence means that Zhuge Liang's strategy is not suitable. Jingzhou and Yizhou are thousands of miles apart, and the practice of dividing the two places will inevitably make Shu Han lose its military advantage. The last sentence "three components" refers to Guan Yu guarding Jingzhou, Liu Bei attacking Wu Dong and Zhuge Liang's northern expedition to the Central Plains. The historical fact of "three components" eventually led to the loss of China's unified foundation. However, some people disagree with Mao Zedong's analysis. Longzhong hoped to support Jingzhou army's northern expedition with the whole Jingzhou, which was "beneficial to the South China Sea" and Yizhou implemented the pincer strategy. But later Liu Bei failed to realize it, and because of the loss of Nanjun, Guan Yu lost his advantage in the battle of Xiangfan, not because of the separatist forces. On the other hand, Mao Zedong once commented on the historical event of the lost street pavilion beheading Ma Su: "The first battle is bright and it is appropriate to go to the battlefield." People thought that Zhuge Liang should lead the army at that time, instead of dispersing his troops and entrusting others with responsibility.

The psychological couplets hung in Zhuge Liang Hall of Wuhou Temple in Chengdu were written by Zhao Fan, a scholar in Qing Dynasty. This pair of couplets has attracted the attention of Mao Zedong and others, and its content is:

"If you can be aggressive, you will be self-defeating, and you will know that soldiers are not good at fighting;

It is wrong to combine leniency with severity without judging the situation. In the future, you should think deeply about the problem of governing Shu. "

Sun Yat-sen, the father of the Republic of China, praised Zhuge Liang in the Three People's Principles of Civil Rights: "Zhuge Liang is very capable, so he can establish a good government in western Shu. He can carry out the northern expedition in six places, and he and Wu Wei are the third." .