How to produce leek with wheat straw plastic film?

This method is a common leek cultivation technique in Lanzhou, and it is called "yellow leek pressing" locally. Generally, it is carried out in a plastic greenhouse, or it can be produced in the open field in early spring. This leek production mode is mainly combined with local large-scale wheat production, and a large number of fresh wheat stalks can be used after wheat harvest. Cover the ground with wheat straw, let leeks grow in the wheat straw, and then remove the wheat straw until harvest. It is best to crush the wheat straw before paving, so that the paving is convenient and even.

Selection and management of (1) root plants

The varieties used to produce leeks in the suburbs of Lanzhou are mainly local farmers' varieties: white-rooted leeks, also known as Lanzhou small leeks. This variety is resistant to diseases and cold, has strong tillering ability, good plant upright, many leaves and wide leaves, and is very suitable for planting leeks. Generally, strong root plants with more than 2 years should be selected for cultivation, which is the key to obtain ideal yield in leek production. Generally, in the middle and late June, furrows are planted around the summer solstice, with a row spacing of 30 cm and a plant spacing of 2 cm. In the first ten days of August, water and fertilizer were jointly attacked in front of beginning of autumn, accompanied by watering and topdressing decomposed manure or urea, for 2 ~ 3 times in a row. At the same time, pay attention to the prevention and control of pests such as leek maggots. 65438+1When the aboveground parts gradually stop growing in late October, prepare for winter mulching.

(2) Preparation of covering

Covers are mostly wheat straw, soybean leaves, eggplant stalks or pepper stalks, leaves, etc., which can heat and keep warm. Its dosage varies with the covering time. Early leek (harvested in 30 days) needs 20 ~ 25 kg per square meter, middle leek (harvested in 40 ~ 50 days) needs 15 ~ 20 kg, and late leek (harvested in 60 ~ 70 days) needs 12 ~ 15 kg. Leaves and eggplant stems are used as row fillers in the production of early and middle leeks. The main function is to prevent the wheat straw from being heated and rotted when it touches the ground after being wetted. Soybean leaves are used for heating, raising low temperature and promoting growth. Because the new wheat straw is not easy to implement and the heat preservation is worse than the old one, the old and new wheat straw should be covered in layers when covering.

(3) Covering method

① Early leeks. Coverage time165438+1early October. Firstly, soybean leaves or leaves are evenly and tightly placed on the top or both sides of the ridge, and the thickness is about 10 cm. Then fill in eggplant stalks and other things along the ditch, pour some water to make it wet, and then your feet will be solid. Finally, cover with wheat straw. The thickness of wheat straw should reach 50 ~ 65 cm at the beginning of paving and about 33 cm after implementation. In order to avoid the loss of upper wheat straw, it is necessary to cover it with about 2 cm of pastoral soil.

2 leeks. The coverage time is about 1 1.05 to 1 1.20. Both sides of leek plants are covered with treated soybean leaves and dried leek leaves, with a thickness of about 5 cm. Rows are still eggplant stalks or pepper stalks, and the feet are very stable. The upper layer of wheat straw is about 50 ~ 60 cm thick, 23 ~ 27 cm after implementation, and a layer of soil will be covered on it.

③ Late leek. The coverage time is around165438+1October 25th. The lower layer was covered with only a few leaves, about 5 cm thick, and covered with 50 cm wheat straw. After implementation, it will be about 17 ~ 20 cm, and it will still be covered with a thin layer of soil.

(4) adjusting the temperature in the shed

Grasp that the temperature in wheat straw is about 20℃ in the germination period and about 15℃ in the growth period, and then gradually decrease to about 10℃. Therefore, you can master the temperature in the shed during the day, and the temperature can't be too high when drying, so you can strengthen the heat preservation at night.

(5) Harvest

You can start harvesting after covering for a period of time. When harvesting, the wheat straw is partially exposed, and then harvested. Pay attention to antifreeze when collecting leeks. Because leeks are tender, it is best to prepare some packaging materials such as paper or plastic bags to prevent damage. Wheat straw and leek are generally about 2 kilograms per square meter, and high-yield fields can reach 3.5 kilograms. After the harvest, a lot of wheat straw and other mulch are transported out and piled up for reuse in the next year.