Huanggao historical documents

The Yellow Crane Tower has a lot of history and culture that many people don't know. It is located at the top of the Snake Mountain in Wuhan City, Hubei Province, and enjoys the title of "the first floor in the world" and "the first scenery in the world". It is a famous historical and cultural building in China. The Yellow Crane Tower was built in the second year of Wu Huangwu in the Three Kingdoms Period (AD 223) and has been built and destroyed many times.

The poem "Yellow Crane Tower" by Cui Hao, a poet in the Tang Dynasty, made the buildings with only military observation function famous in the world at first. However, this peerless and famous building, which was praised by all previous dynasties, was repeatedly attacked by soldiers and suffered a lot.

The former site of the Yellow Crane Tower is located in the Yellow Crane Tower at the western end of Sheshan Mountain, Wuchang District, Wuhan City, Hubei Province, and is now located on the west side of the southern end of Wuhan Yangtze River Bridge. According to the Map of Yuanhe County in the Tang Dynasty, Sun Quan of the Three Kingdoms built the old city of Xiakou. "There is a big river in the west of the city, and the south corner of the Yangtze River is a building named Yellow Crane Tower because of its rocky terrain."

The Yellow Crane Tower in history is a wooden structure, which has been repeatedly built and abandoned. In the Ming and Qing Dynasties alone, it was destroyed seven times, rebuilt and maintained ten times. In the 10th year of Guangxu reign (1884), after a big fire, only a bronze roof was left on the Yellow Crane Tower.

In the 1980s, everything was in ruins and the Yellow Crane Tower was rebuilt. When Wuchang of Yangtze River Bridge was built at 1957, the approach bridge occupied the former site of Yellow Crane Tower. Considering the historical position and reality of the Yellow Crane Tower, it is decided to take Sheshanfengling, which is about 1 km away from the old site, as the new site of the Yellow Crane Tower.

198 1 June, the Yellow Crane Tower reconstruction project broke ground and was completed in1June, 985. Because it is a reinforced concrete imitation wood structure, the newly-built Yellow Crane Tower is bigger than the Yellow Crane Tower in previous dynasties. The magnificent Yellow Crane Tower, with unprecedented pomp, is in line with the old saying that "the prosperity of the country is the prosperity of the building".

Yellow Crane Tower

The Yellow Crane Tower, which bears the heavy history and culture of Wuhan, has attracted many people to visit since it was completed at the top of the Snake Mountain.

When you climb the Yellow Crane Tower, you can see the rivers and ships coming and going. "A bridge flies north and south, and the natural barrier becomes a thoroughfare"; Overlooking the intersection of the Yangtze River and the Han River, the waves are rough. Qingchuan Pavilion stands on the Gong Yu River, known as the "E-E Two Flying Buildings", and the Wuhan TV Tower standing on the top of Guishan Mountain is even more spectacular. Looking back at the starry night and the shining lights on both sides, what an intoxicating sight the Yellow Crane Tower will be at that time.

Night view of Yellow Crane Tower Park

Some people say that the modern building Yellow Crane Tower, despite its antique style, has no history and culture. Is that really the case?

1983 When rebuilding the Yellow Crane Tower, the ancient Yunzhou city wall was excavated, and the section of the city wall is clearly visible so far. The masonry used to build the ancient city wall was proved by experts to be a rope brick before the Tang Dynasty (a rectangular brick used in ancient buildings in China, named after the decorative pattern similar to rope on its surface), which was also mixed with a certain number of Han bricks.

Guyunzhou is an ancient city that was built in Han Dynasty and lasted for more than 500 years. Now, it stands quietly in its original place in the form of "the ruins of the city wall" and looks up at the modern Yellow Crane Tower, which is bigger than the Yellow Crane Tower in previous dynasties. As the oldest existing city wall relic in the center of Wuhan, Jiangcheng, it shows the world that the Yellow Crane Tower, a prosperous building, stands near the "Guyingzhou City Wall" just like the Yellow Crane Tower in previous dynasties. The broken city walls and the flying yellow cranes have a long history, stretching for thousands of years.

Yunzhou city wall relics

At the top of the Snake Mountain, the "Ancient Yingzhou City Wall" witnessed the gunfire that overthrew the "first shot of feudal dynasty" at the foot of the Snake Mountain; It also witnessed that in War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression's "Wuhan Defence War", the young air force fought bloody battles and fought bravely against the Japanese aggressors; It also witnessed the glory of the Yellow Crane Tower and the soaring of Wuhan.

"Ancient Yunzhou City Wall Ruins" and Shengxiang Baota are protected together along the snake mountain, with the protection scope of 365,438+00 meters east of the Yellow Crane Tower; South and north are Tainan and North 10 meters of Yellow Crane Tower Bridge respectively; West to 30 meters west of Sheng Xiang Pagoda. Construction control zone: the east side coincides with the protection scope; The red line of road planning from the Yangtze River Bridge in the south; North to Beijing-Guangzhou Railway. 1983 was listed as the second batch of cultural relics protection units in Wuhan on April 7.

On the south side of the Yellow Crane Tower, one step away from the "Ancient Yunzhou City Wall Site", stands a copper casting treasure top: with lotus leaves as the base, three copper balls on it are stacked together. This Tongbaoding is the only physical building left by the ancient Yellow Crane Tower in the world after the Yellow Crane Tower fire in the 10th year of Guangxu in Qing Dynasty (1884). After more than a hundred years of vicissitudes, when the Yellow Crane Tower was completed in 1985, the copper roof ended its wandering and was placed on the foundation of the Yellow Crane Tower after repair. Every day, I watch the bustling crowd come here to learn about the history and culture of the yellow crane.

The only physical object of the Yellow Crane Tower after the ten-year fire in Guangxu, Qing Dynasty: Tongbaoding, looking up at the modern Yellow Crane Tower.

There is a beautiful white pagoda in the square in front of the Yellow Crane Tower, which looks like a pagoda (commonly known as "Kongming Lantern"). According to historical records, the White Pagoda originally stood in Huangjiajitou in front of the former site of the Yellow Crane Tower. It was founded in the third year of Yuan Dynasty (1343) and started in Wang Shun, Yuan Wei. Shengli Pagoda is a big Bodhi Pagoda dedicated to Buddhist cultural relics and artifacts, which belongs to the Tantric Pagoda and is also the original pagoda type that Buddhism was introduced into China from India. The tower is a simple and clean bowl. The tower is hollow and sealed, with no underground palace. Because the whole body is painted white, it is commonly known as "White Pagoda".

Pagoda is divided into fire, water, wind and air, also known as the five-wheel pagoda. The tower is 9.36 meters high and the base is 5.86 meters in diameter. The Sumeru Tower is cross-shaped, surrounded by exquisite decorations, such as cloud gods, water beasts, lotus petals, diamonds and Sanskrit. The base of the tower brake is sumptuous, and the brake body has thirteen layers of wheels. The top is carved with lotus petals to support the stone carving treasure cover, and the bottom is carved with eight treasures. The brake top is an iron vase.

1955, due to the construction of the Yangtze River Bridge, the pagoda was moved to the west of Sheshan. During the excavation, a stone building and a sealed copper vase were found in the tower core. Stone building, also called Buddha building, is used to engrave Buddha's name or mantra. It has a height of1.03m, a round seat at the bottom and an octagonal main body. It is beautifully carved and decorated with various lotus flowers at the top. The bottom of the Bao Tong bottle is concave, and two lines of double hooks are engraved on it: "Hongwu is twenty-seven years old and dedicated his life in September." The belly of the bottle is engraved with the words "Tathagata, Feng 'an Relic, Guotai Min 'an and Forever Buddha's Shelter" 16.

In the north of Shengxiang Tower, there are two stone tablets dating back to the Wanli period of the Ming Dynasty. On the left, there is a statue of Purple Bamboo Guanyin, and on the right, there is a statue of fish basket Guanyin and Guandi. Among them, The Fish Basket Guanyin Map is one of the only two in China, which is quite precious.

During the Qianlong period of the Qing Dynasty, Shengxiang Baota was carefully restored, which enabled the pagoda to be preserved to this day. The pagoda and the Yellow Crane Tower set each other off in an interesting way, providing important physical materials for studying the history and religion of Wuhan, a famous historical and cultural city in the late Yuan Dynasty and early Ming Dynasty. 1956 10, Sheng Xiang ancient pagoda was listed as the first batch of key cultural relics protection units in Hubei province. In 20 13, it was listed as the seventh batch of cultural relics protection units in China.

An ivory tower with a history of nearly a thousand years.

Changshe Mountain has not only the "Ancient Yingzhou City Wall" with a history of nearly 2,000 years, but also the elephant pagoda with a history of nearly 1,000 years, the bronze dome with a history of 100 years, and more legends and stories about history and religion. Climbing to the top of the Yellow Crane Tower, overlooking the Wuhan Yangtze River Bridge, a national key cultural relic, you can see the Beijing-Guangzhou Railway, a north-south traffic corridor, extending at the foot of the snake mountain. This is exactly the case: the turtle and snake lock the water, and the Yellow Crane Tower on the snake mountain faces the Guishan TV Tower far away.

In ancient and modern times, it was called Shape Victory. Since the Han Dynasty, Wang Qi has been lurking for thousands of years, and the chaos of the rise and fall of the world has been paid to the river of no return; Xiongxiu is a hero with great skill and foresight, and 80 thousand miles of mountains and mountains. It is equally famous when there are buildings in common.