Romance of the Three Kingdoms 14: Hua Xin with Different Faces in History

There is an unavoidable figure in the study of the Three Kingdoms, Hua Xin (Xin, Xin). There is a great contrast between folk and official history, which can be said to be completely different. There are biographies of Zhong You (Yao, Yao), Hua Xin and Wang Lang in the History of the Three Kingdoms. A careful study of this figure can give us some useful enlightenment and reference.

Hua Xin (157-232), Zi Yu, was born in Gaotang (now Gaotang County, Liaocheng City, Shandong Province) in Shandong Plain, a famous person in Wei Chu at the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, and an important official in Cao Wei.

Hua Xin was once a minister under Sun Quan of Soochow. During the battle of Guandu, Cao Cao took a fancy to Hua Xin and transferred him to North Korea. After being protected by Cao Wei, Hua Xin was very loyal and served as a negotiator, military attache, minister and servant. Later, he succeeded Yu Xun as minister. When xelloss just succeeded to the throne, he asked court ministers to recommend talents, Hua Xin recommended Guan Ning, and xelloss sent a car to meet Guan Ning. In 230, Cao Rui sent Cao Zhen, a general, to March into Shu Han from Meridian Road, and Hua Xin put forward the idea of a truce in Xiu De, which was adopted by Cao Rui. Since then, Cao Wei has entered a relatively quiet cultivation period.

In the fifth year of Taihe, Hua Xin died at the age of 75 in posthumous title. Hua Xin's tomb is 200 meters north of Dahua Village, Chengdongganhe Town, Gaotang County, 20 kilometers away from the county seat. It is recognized as the ancestral grave by the ancestors of the local Chinese family and is a key cultural relic protection unit in Liaocheng City.

Hua Xin wasn't that aboveboard when he first appeared. "Romance of the Three Kingdoms" records: "In the fourth year of Jian 'an, (Sun Ce) attacked the Lujiang River and suffered a crushing defeat, making Yu Chao and Hua Xin fall. "When you show up, you look like a surrender. On his second appearance, Luo Guanzhong arranged for Hua Xin to invite the imperial doctor Hua Tuo for Cao Cao. Although this role is dispensable, it has laid a heavy foundation for writing Hua Xin as a villain in the future.

In the Peking Opera "White Forced Palace", Emperor Xian of Han lived in a secluded palace, and his throne was not guaranteed. So he consulted with Queen Fu and wrote a letter with the blood on his clothes, telling his father to secretly plot against the Han thief. When Cao Cao learned about it, he took his sword into the palace, killed the queen with his staff, and poisoned his son. This Sichuan opera is called the imperial edict of blood, and xiang opera directly called Hua Xin to force the palace. In the play, Cao Cao sent Hua Xin to catch the queen. After Hua Xin entered the palace, she was poisoned by a "bad family" and killed her two little princes. Many of the Queen's brothers and relatives have died. Huaxin was portrayed as a cruel and shameless accomplice.

In order to write Hua Xin as an out-and-out villain, Mr. Luo Guanzhong gave Hua Xin the most despised "forced palace" role in feudal society. According to the Romance of the Three Kingdoms, Cao Pi wanted to abolish Emperor Xian of Han Dynasty as emperor. Hua Xin said to Emperor Xian of Han Dynasty, "There are mountains and rivers, Zen and Wang Wei, and your majesty enjoys leisure. I have promised to come here to play." It is suggested that Emperor Xian of Han abdicate and get out of here immediately. Of course, Emperor Xian of the Han Dynasty is determined not to follow, and the emperor's addiction is not enough. Hua Xin threatened: "Your Majesty, according to what I said yesterday, you can avoid a great disaster." Xian Di wept bitterly: "You have been eating Hanlu with others for a long time; There are many descendants of heroes in the Han Dynasty. Why don't you have the heart to do such a thing? " Hua Xin snapped: "Everyone knows that your majesty did not have your blessing, which caused chaos in all directions!" He stepped forward and grabbed the dragon robe. He changed color and said, "Say yes or no, say something early!" "The cowardly and incompetent Han Emperor had to agree to abdicate, and Xelloss made him a duke.

There was another episode before. After Cao Cao's death, just as the ministers were discussing how to succeed Prince Xelloss in Yecheng, the well-connected Hua Xin came from Xuchang in a hurry, took out the imperial edict of Emperor Han Xian, and established the legal legitimacy of Xelloss's succession. Hua Xin is so fast, because Hua Xin had expected this, so he wrote a letter to the emperor, threatening the emperor to ratify it. Because of this great contribution, Hua Xin became the trusted minister of Xelloss, and was named Stuart, who remained at the core of power.

This is not over. In order to further vilify Hua Xin, The Romance of the Three Kingdoms gave Hua Xin a bad face in its attitude towards Sima Yi. It is said that Zhuge Liang used Ma Su's double agents to spread rumors that Sima Yi was plotting. Cao Rui was surprised and asked his ministers urgently. Hua Xin, the commander in chief, said, "So Sima Yi went to make peace. At first, Taizu Wu said to me, "Sima Yi protects wolves with eagles, and military power cannot be handed over." It will be a national disaster for a long time. Now that the rebellion has sprouted, we can kill it quickly. "Here, Huaxin is a down-and-out villain!

At this point, the old people in Huaxin's eternal grievances are irrefutable evidence, and there is no way to turn over the case.

First, knowledge is higher than ordinary people. Hua Xin used to be a small official in the county government. Every day after he leaves the government, he goes home and closes the door. His discussion of people and things is objective and fair, and he never slanders or hurts others. Tao, a native of the same county and a celebrity at that time, thought he was more knowledgeable than Hua Xin. /kloc-in 0/88, Wang Fen, the secretariat of Jizhou, joined other heroes to abolish Emperor Han Ling, set up another monarch, and secretly consulted with Hua Xin and Tao. Tao Qiuhong also wants to attend. Hua Xin immediately stopped, saying, "Even Yi Yin and Huo Guang find it difficult to abolish the emperor. Wang fen is careless and has no strategy, so he will definitely not succeed. Not only will he be killed, but he will also harm the clan. I advise you never to attend! " Tao Qiuhong listened to Huaxin's suggestion and withdrew. Later, Wang Fen failed in rebellion, and from then on, Tao Qiu Cai Hong completely impressed Hua Xin's knowledge.

Second, it has always been honest and clean. Hua Xin is very clean, and the rewards of Mi Lu and the emperor are given to relatives and acquaintances, and the food at home is no more than ten buckets. Every time the court awarded young women who were slaves to ministers, only Hua Xin refused to take them in and married them instead. Cao Pi was greatly surprised by this and wrote a letter saying, "I bowed my head by the good minister. Your Majesty resigned due to illness many times. Honest and clean, most people do it, don't count on you. "

The third is to promote recuperation. In 230, Hua Xin made an analysis of the world situation, put forward the idea of cultivating and raising children, and opposed continuing to fight against Shu. He said: "A thousand miles to transport grain is not for the benefit of soldiers; The more dangerous it is, the deeper it gets. I heard that this year's conscription, it lost the industry of farming and mulberry. The country is people-oriented, and the people take food as the sky. If China was not hungry and cold, the people would not have the heart to leave the scholars. Fortunately, the two thieves could do nothing. I am the prime minister. I get sick every day, and my life will be exhausted. I'm afraid I won't be trusted again, and I dare not exhaust the arms of my servants, but your majesty will judge me! " Empirically, Emperor Cao Rui was deeply moved, which coincided with the continuous autumn rain. Cao Rui listened to Hua Xin's advice and ordered general Cao Zhen to withdraw.

How many things have happened in ancient and modern times, let future generations speak. The reason why Hua Xin was reduced to a negative role among the people in The Romance of the Three Kingdoms is because the author Luo Guanzhong's feudal orthodoxy is very serious, and he thinks in his bones that only Liu is qualified to govern the country. Imagine that even the talented Cao Cao was portrayed as a generation of "treacherous men", not to mention his soldiers and crabs. Wang Lang was scolded to death by Zhuge Liang, and General Cao Zhen was grieved by Zhuge Liang. In fact, writing "romance" is not surprising.

No one can change the history passed down from mouth to mouth, but romance is more popular with people.

With deep pain for the traitor, Luo Guanzhong cursed Hua Xin: "Hua Xin tried his best that day to break through the wall and get his mother. Adding a tiger wing at a time is notorious for thousands of years! "

However, at that time, Chen Deng commented on Hua Xin: "Deep and clean, polite and law-abiding, I respect Chinese fish." Gongsun Ce, the former Lord of Hua Xin, also said: "The imperial court used to have a good reputation, and it is known far and near."

Later, Cao Pi, the Wei master who helped Bao in Huaxin, commented: "Situ, a handsome old man in the countryside, is also a harmonious yin and yang. These three officials (Zhong You, Hua Xin, Wang Lang) are a generation of great men, and it is almost impossible for future generations to continue. "

Cao Zhi once said: "Simple without desire, smart and knowledgeable. Ambition is too empty, peace of mind is mysterious Harmony is harmony and virtue, and change is righteousness. Hua Taiwei is also embarrassed. "

Fame and fortune are dirt, and success or failure is empty. Hua Xin, there are two faces in history. Which one is your real face?

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Written on February 7, 2017, 65438 (ancient calendar1October 20).

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