How to calculate the time?

In ancient times, a day was divided into 65,438+02 hours, and the earthly branches were: Zi, Ugly, Yin, Mao, Chen, Si, Wu, Wei, Shen, You, Xu and Hai in the zodiac. One hour is now two hours.

At 23 ~ 1 o'clock, at 1 ~ 3 o'clock, at 3 ~ 5 o'clock, at 5 ~ 7 o'clock, at 7 ~ 9 o'clock, at 9 ~1o'clock, at noon, at1

More-in ancient times, it was regarded as a watch at night, a watch at sea, a watch at home, a watch at home, a watch at home, a watch at home, and a watch at home.

So midnight is from midnight to 1.

I'll give you more. It may be useful to you when the ancients used it.

One of 12 two-hour periods in a day.

1, twelve o'clock system.

It was used in the Western Zhou Dynasty. In the Han dynasty, it was named midnight, crow, pingdan, sunrise, food time, corner, day, sundial, sunset, dusk and people's decision. It is also represented by the twelve earthly branches, with the midnight from 23: 00 to 1: 00 as the sub-hour, 1: 00 to 3: 00 as the sub-hour, and 3: 00 to 5: 00 as the Yin Shi time, which are circulated in turn.

2.24-hour system.

After the Song Dynasty, 20 hours was divided into two parts, namely, the beginning of children, the beginning of children, the beginning of ugliness and the beginning of ugliness ... Conversely, it happened to be 24 hours, which is consistent with the current 24 hours a day.

3. Ten-hour system.

Appeared in the pre-Qin period. Five minutes in the day and five minutes in the evening. According to Tian Wenzhi of Sui Shu, the daytime is morning, evening, noon and evening, and the nights are A, B, C, D and E (later represented by Wu Geng).

4. Five-hour system.

Its names are Chen Ming, Yongming, Danming, flea (morning) food, banquet (evening) food, corner, center, less return, shop hours, big return, high return, low return, county (suspended) east, dusk and Ding faint. See Huai Nan Zi. Astronomical training.

5. One hundred thousand engravings.

That is to say, day and night are divided into a balanced one hundred quarters. Its production is related to the use of missing prints. May have originated in Shang Dynasty. In the Han Dynasty, it was changed to 120, and in the Southern Dynasty it was changed to 96 and 108. After repeated times, it was not until the introduction of European astronomy knowledge in the late Ming Dynasty that the reform of 96 engraving system was put forward and made it a formal system in the early Qing Dynasty.

6. Ancient times did not necessarily have strict temporal significance, but there were quite a few common and commonly used names.

Generally speaking, the sunrise can be called Dan, Zao, Chao and Chen, and the sunrise can be called Xi, dusk and night. When the sun is in the middle, it is called noon, noon and pavilion noon, when the sun is near noon, it is called corner, and when the sun is in the west, it is called daytime. After sunset, it is dusk. After dusk, it's up to people. After people decide, it is midnight (or midnight). After midnight, the chicken crowed. After the cock crows, it is ignorant and dull-it is already dawn. The ancients had two meals a day, and the last meal was before sunrise, which was called eating time or eating early; Dinner is held after sundial and before sunset, which is called "time".

Midnight, also known as midnight and midnight: the first hour of twelve o'clock. (23: 00 to 0 1 hour Beijing time).

The ugly cock crows, also known as the pheasant: the second hour of twelve o'clock. (0 1: 00 to 03: 00 Beijing time).

Yin Shiping Dan, also known as Dawn, Dawn and Tiandan, etc. The current position time is alternating day and night. (03: 00 to 05: 00 Beijing time).

Sunrise in Shi Mao, also known as the beginning of the day, dawn and rising sun, refers to the time when the sun just appeared and Ran Ran first rose. (05: 00 to 07: 00 Beijing time).

Eating in the morning is also called breakfast. When the ancients ate in the morning, it was breakfast time (07: 00 to 09: 00 Beijing time).

Forty holes are also known as Yu Ri. Near noon, it is called the corner. (09: 00 to 1 1: 00 Beijing time).

Noon, also known as sunrise, noon, etc. : (Beijing time 1 1: 00 to 13: 00).

Not long ago, it was also called sunset, sun center and so on. : The sun sets in the west. (From Beijing time 13 to Beijing time 15).

When applying for timely feeding, it is also called day shop, late eating and so on. (From Beijing time 15 to 17).

As time goes by, it is also called sunset, sunset and evening: it means when the sun goes down. (Beijing time is from 17 to 19).

Dusk, also known as sunset, sunset glow, dusk, etc. At this time, the sun has set and the sky will be dark. The world is dark and everything is hazy, so it is called dusk. (From Beijing time 19 to Beijing time 2 1).

At this time, the night is deep and people have stopped taking a rest. Calm means quiet. (Beijing time 2 1 hour to 23: 00).

★ Hours-Twelve hours a day is twelve o'clock;

In the first half of the night, 1 1 to 1 is "Zishi", in the second half of the night, 1 to 3 is "Ugly Time", in the second half of the night, it is "Yin Shi Time" from 3: 00 to 5: 00, "Shi Mao Time" from 5: 00 to 7: 00 and "Chen Time" from 7: 00 to 9. Noon 1: 00 to 3: 00 is inappropriate; Night, untimely; From nine o'clock to 1 1 is Shihai. It takes two hours every hour. It can be seen that "from the fourth hour to the last hour" is equivalent to "from 9 am to 3 pm" now.

★ Pay more attention-in ancient times, the night time was one watch, the sea time was two watches, the child time was three watches, the ugly time was four watches, and the yinshi time was five watches.

Divide the night into five classes, beat drums according to each class, and each class has five points. One hour per shift is equivalent to two hours now, which is 120 minutes, so each point in each shift only takes 24 minutes. It can be seen that "cooking at four o'clock and sailing at five o'clock" is equivalent to "65438+ cooking at 0: 00 to 3: 00 in the middle of the night and sailing at 3: 00 to 5: 00". "5 o'clock and 3 o'clock" are equivalent to 5 o'clock and 72 minutes in the morning, that is, 6 o'clock and 12 minutes, and "3 o'clock and 4 o'clock" are equivalent to 1 and 96 minutes at midnight, that is, 2: 36 minutes.

★ Engraving-ancient time was measured by clepsydra.

Leaking pot is divided into two parts: sowing pot and receiving pot. The seeding kettle is divided into two or four layers, both of which have dripping holes, and finally flow into the receiving kettle. There is an upright arrow in the receiving pot, which is engraved with 100 minutes. The arrow gradually rises with the water storage, revealing the number of minutes showing the time. And a 24-hour day and night is 100 minutes, which is equivalent to 1440 minutes now. It can be seen that each moment is equivalent to the current 14.4 minutes. So "3 noon" is equivalent to 1: 43.2 at noon now.

"Geng", "Geng House" and "Geng Building" all come from the word "Geng". As I said before, in ancient China, one day and night were divided into twelve hours, that is, one hour and two hours. During the day, people can judge the time by observing the sun, the sundial or the timed "copper pot dripping", but at night, they don't know the time, so some people will watch the "copper pot dripping" and tell people by playing drums according to the time. The ancients stipulated to call "get up" every time (about 7: 00 to 9: 00 pm), that is, "one o'clock"; Second, it is the stone sea, that is, from 9: 00 pm to 1 1 point; The third watch is midnight, that is, from eleven o'clock in the evening to one o'clock in the morning ... The fifth watch is the last watch, which has arrived in Yin Shi, that is, from three o'clock to five o'clock before dawn.

In this way, we can infer that "midnight" really means midnight 12: 30. It is not difficult to understand that people say "get up at five o'clock", but get up early in the morning.