Friends from Henan enter

Henan is located in the core of the Central Plains, the birthplace and settlement of the Chinese nation, with profound cultural heritage, which is not only reflected in tangible places of interest, but also permeated with a large number of intangible place names. Henan Province has 127 counties (cities). From the order of names, there are 4 in the Spring and Autumn Period and Warring States Period, 38 in the Qin and Han Dynasties, 5 in the Three Kingdoms to the Southern and Northern Dynasties, 25 in the Sui and Tang Dynasties, 1 in the Song, Jin and Yuan Dynasties 12, 1 in the Ming and Qing Dynasties 1 1, 1 in the Republic of China 16 and 65,438 in New China. It can be seen that there are three peaks in the formation of county and city names in Henan Province, one is Qin and Han Dynasties, the other is Sui and Tang Dynasties, and the third is modern times. From the origin, meaning and evolution of names, they are all named for a reason. Or remember it, or aim at its position, or describe its shape, or send its meaning, or by production, or by life, or by dialect. They are closely related to Henan's geography, history, politics, military affairs, economy and transportation.

I naming related to water

Water is the source of human life. Since ancient times, when people choose settlements, the first consideration is to be close to water sources. There are 27 counties and cities in Henan named after water. The naming rules are as follows:

1. The relative position of Yin Zhi University and Jianghu is named according to the principle of "the north water is Yang and the south water is Yin". On the bank of Hebei, the counties and cities named after "the north of the water is the sun" are: Luoyang, north of Luoshui (now Luohe). Yiyang is in the north of Yishui. Puyang is in the north of Pushui. Wuyang, north of Wushui (now Li Sanhe). Ruyang is north of Beiru River. Huaiyang is north of Huaishui (now Huaihe River). Biyang is in the north of Bishui (now Biyang River). Tangyin county, named after the county seat is in the south of Tang, is named as "the Yin of the South Water". Runan county, named after the county seat in the south of Rushui (now Ruhe). And Neihuang County. When Gao Han established the county in the ninth year (former 198), it was customary to take the south of the Yellow River as the outside and the north as the inside. There is Waihuang County south of the Yellow River, so this place is named Neihuang County. Some counties and cities have changed their geographical environment because of the relocation of administrative offices, but their names still remain today. For example, Qinyang, named after the former county government (now Qinyang Village, Wuzhi County), is located on the north bank of Qinhe River, but the downtown area of Qinyang is south of Qinhe River. Xingyang was named after the county town north of Yingze (now Guxing, Mangshan District, Zhengzhou City) when the Qin Dynasty established the city. During the Northern Wei Dynasty, Dazhacheng (now the old city in the urban area) was relocated, Yingze ceased to exist, and Xingyang has been in use ever since.

2. It is named because it is located at the birthplace of the river or near the river. Jiyuan, located in the county in the 16th year of Emperor Kai of Sui Dynasty (596), was named after its origin in Jishui (now Jihe River). Luanchuan County, located in the Northern Song Dynasty, was named Luanchuan because Luanshui (now yi river) originated here, and later "Luan" was played as "Luan". Yichuan county, named after the county seat is located in the land of Yihe River. Luoning County was called Yongning County in Sui Dynasty, and was renamed Luoning in 19 14. The land is near Luoshui (now Luohe). Linying County was named after Linying River in the Western Han Dynasty. Huaibin County, named after 1952, is located on the bank of Huaihe River.

3. Named after the river that flows through the county. For example, there are Jun Shui in Xun County (Weihe River meets Qi Shui), Qi Shui in Qi County (now Qihe River), Fan Shui in Fan County in ancient times, Sui Shui in Sui County, Luohe River in Luohe City (where Sha and Li Rivers meet to form a bend, which was called Luohe in Qing Dynasty), Xichuan Water, and Tanghe in tanghe county.

Second, the naming related to mountains.

There are 1 1 counties and cities in Henan province named after mountains. Its name is:

1. The name directly uses the name of the mountain within the jurisdiction. For example, there are Pingdingshan in Pingdingshan City, Lushan in Lushan County, Queshan in Queshan County, Tongbai Mountain in Tongbai County and Fangcheng Mountain in Fangcheng County.

2. Take some mountain names of China. Luoshan county's name comes from Xiaoluo Mountain in China, Guangshan County's name comes from Fuguang Mountain in China, and zhongmou county's name comes from Moushan Mountain in China (now it is gone). Xinmi city, located in Mi County in the Western Han Dynasty, was named after Mi Mountain in the southwest of the county. 1995 When the county changed to the city, it was named Xinmi because it moved to the east.

3. The relative position of Yinshan Mountain in counties and cities. Nanyang, named after "South of Nanshan". Songxian County is named after its location in the west of Songshan Mountain, and both domestic and overseas are the starting points of Songshan Mountain.

Three. Naming related to topography, location and traffic

Henan is located in the Central Plains, with diverse terrain, important geographical position and convenient transportation. This geographical situation is also reflected in the origin and meaning of some county names. Gongyi city, named after its topography and geographical location, originally belonged to Gong County, and was changed to Gong Ming County on 199 1 because it has Songshan Mountain in the south, Yellow River in the north, Hulao Pass in the east, Heishiguan in the west and mountains and rivers all around. Shaanxi County, the hometown of Qin, was named because it was surrounded by mountains, and was divided into Shaanxi by Shi, Zhou and Zhao Gong. Xiayi County was renamed Xiayi County in Jin Dynasty, and Xiayi was named because of its low terrain. Located in Pingyu County of the Western Han Dynasty, it is said that in ancient times, people here built a four-wheeled vehicle called "Yu" according to the characteristics of flat terrain. Later generations called this place Pingyu, hence the county name. Yanling County is named after the city is above Tuling. Xixia County is named after its location at the mouth of Xixia, which is "the gateway to Qin and the throat of Chu". Sanmenxia is named after Sanmenxia in the Yellow River Gorge. The two counties named after land and water transportation are Jinmeng and Yanjin, both from the Yellow River Ferry. Tianjin is a ferry. Notes on Shangshu Gong Yu, located in Jin Meng, was called Jin Meng in ancient times. In the Northern Song Dynasty, Zizyphus jujuba County was changed to Yanjin County, named after Yanjin, the original Yellow River ferry in China. Tongxu County, the road leading to Xuchang adjacent to Tokyo (now Kaifeng) in the Northern Song Dynasty, was named Tongxu. Zhumadian city was named after the establishment of a post office here in the Ming Dynasty.

Four. Naming related to place names

1. Named after ancient administrative regions and ancient cities. Henan has 2 1 county and city names, which come from ancient countries, prefectures, prefectures, cities and townships, and many of them have a long history.

(1) Named after ancient countries: Zhengzhou and Xinzheng, both originated from the State of Zheng in the Spring and Autumn Period. Jia County originated from Tan State. Fengqiu originated from the father country. Yancheng originated from Yancheng. Yucheng originated from the state of Yu. Xiangcheng originated in Guo Xiang. Both Shangcai and Xincai originated from Cai State. Xixian originated in the country of interest. Yanling originated in Guo Yan. Xuchang originated in Guo Xu.

② Named after ancient countries and governments. Linzhou was named after Linzhou in Jin Dynasty. Yuzhou City was named after Yuzhou in Ming Dynasty. Mengzhou city was named after Mengzhou in Tang Dynasty. Dengzhou city was named after Dengzhou in Sui Dynasty. Weihui City was named after Weihui House in Ming Dynasty.

③ Named after ancient cities and towns. Yexian County was located in the Han Dynasty and was named after Ye Yi in the Spring and Autumn Period. Ningling County, located in the Han Dynasty, was named after the Duke of Wei during the Warring States Period. Ningling Jun is here and Qin is Ningling City. Luyi County in the Sui Dynasty was named after Chen Zhiming in the Spring and Autumn Period. Shenqiu county, in the Sui Dynasty, was located in Shenqiu, a city in the Spring and Autumn Period, and changed Baoxin County to shenqiu county. Xinxiang County, the location of Jixian analyzed by Sui Dynasty, was named after the first and last words of Xinzhong Township in ancient China.

(4) Name the two administrative regions with their initials. 1950, Wu Yuan County and Wu Yang County were revoked, and after the merger, Yuanyang County was named. 1954, Lanfeng County and Kaocheng County were abolished, and lankao county was named after the merger. 1974, a part of Wuyang county built a steel plant. 1977 was named Wugang district and later changed to Wugang city.

2. Naming with other place names.

(1) The names of counties and cities are derived from the names of villages under their jurisdiction. Nanzhao County, in the 12th year of Chenghua in the Ming Dynasty (1476), took Nanzhao Temple in China as the county name when it was established in the northern part of Nanyang County. Xinxian county was changed from Fuxian county to Xinxian county in 1947, and it was named because it was located in Xinji. Hebi City 1957 was named after the resident Hebi Village when it was founded. Taiqian County, founded in 1978, was named after the county government stationed in Taiqian Village. Yima city was founded in 198 1, with Yima Village as its city name.

(2) The names of counties and cities are derived from the names of ancient buildings. Mianchi County, the hometown of Qin, takes the ancient pool name Mianchi as the county name. Huaxian County, a county in the Ming Dynasty, was named after a sliding platform in China. Changyuan County was renamed Changyuan County in the Qin Dynasty because "the county has a defensive wall" (that is, a long waterproof wall).

Verb (abbreviation of verb) naming related to names.

1. is named after the last name. Judging from the names of people, Weishi County was the hometown of Qin, so it was Dr. Zheng's "Weishi" feudal city in the Spring and Autumn Period, so it was named after the county. Taikang County was built here by Taikang, the son of Xia Qi of Sui Dynasty. There is a tomb of Taikang in the east of the city, and Yang Xia County is changed to Taikang County. Qingfeng county, according to "Geography of the Old Tang Dynasty", said: "There is a dutiful son in the county, so please take Weizhoutian as the county name." Xiangcheng County is located in Qin Dynasty. In the Spring and Autumn Period, Zheng Juzhai (sound "Pan"), King Chu Ling built the city at 1 km west of Zhai, and named Xiangcheng after King Zhou Xiang. Judging from the surnames, there are: Xihua County, which was located here in the Western Han Dynasty. Because it was once a place of Fahrenheit in the Spring and Autumn and Song Dynasties, it lived in the west and was named Xihua, so the county was named. Jiaozuo city is located in 1945, which was named after nine families named Jiao operated coal yards here in the Ming Dynasty.

I changed my name because I avoided the emperor. The following counties and cities in Henan Province were renamed because of taboo: Kaifeng County, originally Kaifeng County of Qin Dynasty, was renamed Kaifeng when Sima Qian wrote Historical Records in Han Dynasty because of taboo of Emperor Liu Qi. Nanle County, the king of Tang and Jin Dynasties in the Five Dynasties of Li, changed Changle County to Nanle County because he avoided his ancestor Li. Neixiang county, in the Sui Dynasty, avoided the taboo of emperor Zhong ("loyalty" is homophony with "Zhong") and changed Zhongxiang County to neixiang county. Xinyang City, because of the taboo in Zhao Kuangyi, Song Taizong, changed Yiyang County to Xinyang County, and then changed to the city. Shangshui County and Shangcheng County were changed to Shangshui County, and Yin Cheng County was changed to Shangcheng County because it avoided the taboo of Song Xuanzu Zhao Yinhong (Yin and Shang are interlinked). Zhengyang County was renamed Zhengyang County for avoiding the taboo of Zong Yinzhen in the first year of Yongzheng (1723).

Six, naming related to historical deeds

Henan has an important strategic position and has been a battleground for military strategists since ancient times. There are countless historical events, some of which have become one of the sources of naming counties and cities. Xiuwu County, the hometown of Qin Dynasty, is located in Yanshi County, which means "the king of Wu attacked Zhou, trained soldiers here and practiced martial arts". It was conquered by the king of Wu in the Han Dynasty, meaning "retreat", which is now yanshi city. Wu Zhi County was established in Sui Dynasty, and "ambition" means the rise, which means the rise of Zhou Wuwang. Huojia County, because Liu Che, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, went to Xinzhong Township, Jixian County, and was awarded the title by the Prime Minister of South Vietnam to set up a county. Suiping county recovered Wu Fang, and in the 12th year of Tang Yuanhe (8 17), Wu Fang county was changed to suiping county. In the second year of zhenping county and Jin Zhengda (1225), the peasant uprising in Wuduoshan was suppressed, and the county was changed to Zhenping the following year. Xiping County, Han Dynasty, has had Xiling Pavilion since ancient times. It was leveled at that time, so it was called Xiping. Dengfeng City was renamed as Dengfeng County, Songyang County, and the city was changed to 65,438,0994 because Wu Zetian of Tang Dynasty "climbed Songshan Mountain and sealed Zhongyue Mountain". Lingbao city, in the first year of Tianbao in the Tang Dynasty (742), Taolin County was renamed Lingbao County, and 1993 was renamed Lingbao County.

Seven, named after good wishes and auspicious words.

In order to express the desire of long-term stability and prosperity of their political power, rulers of past dynasties often give them auspicious, blessing and peaceful words when naming counties and cities in order to be auspicious. For example: Xuchang County, during the Three Kingdoms period, Wei's industrial base flourished in Xu, and Xu County was renamed Xuchang County. Xinye County, located in the Western Han Dynasty, was called Ye Zheng in the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, and Ye Zheng built a new county, which means revival. Luoning County, which was called Yongning County in Sui Dynasty, was renamed as 19 14, which all implied peace and tranquility. Yongcheng city in the Sui Dynasty was called the good omen of Yongcheng because of the frequent floods in the city, and 1996 was changed to the city. Xin 'an County also means praying for a new peace. The new county, formerly known as Jingfu County, was founded in 1947, taking the word "new", which symbolizes the establishment of the new regime in China.

Gushi County, in the Han Dynasty, was chosen as the county to show its good luck. Sheqi County, founded in 1965, is located in Sheqi Town, which means "holding high the socialist flag" and changed it to the social flag. Gongyi city, 199 1, was named after the county changed to the city, which also means "consolidating socialism".

Eight, naming related to other factors

Named after plants: Qixian County, Qin Zhi, named after ancient willow in China. Changge County, located in Sui Dynasty, was named Changge, and 1995 was changed to changge city. Named after political views: Minquan County, 1928 When the county was founded, the word "civil rights", one of the "Three People's Principles" advocated by Sun Yat-sen, was used as the county name. Aibo County, 1929 was named after the word "Aibo" in Sun Yat-sen's Outline for the Founding of the People's Republic of China. Named after the pronunciation of Chinese characters: Huixian City, the word "Hui" comes from the word "Hui" (Hui Tong Hui) in Qinghui Temple of Weiyuan Temple in Baiquan, China. Dancheng in Dancheng comes from the homonym "Dancheng". According to legend, in the Spring and Autumn Period, Laozi refined "Dan" here, hence the name. Shangqiu City is named after the Shang surname "The Fire of Tang Tao is in Shangqiu" in ancient times.