What is the origin of Fuxin city?

Fuxin is a city under the jurisdiction of Liaoning Province. It is located in the west of Liaoning Province, with a linear distance of 147.5km from Shenyang, the provincial capital. South via Jinzhou can go directly to Beijing and Tianjin; North Tongliao can reach Hulunbeier grassland and Daxinganling; East to Shenyang and Liaodong coastal cities; It is adjacent to Chaoyang in the west and even Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, which is the transportation hub of northwest Liaoning. Fuxin is a long rectangle, with its central axis obliquely intersecting at the intersection of 4210 ′ north latitude and 22 0 ′ east longitude. Fuxin area is170km long from east to west and 84km wide from north to south, with a total area of10355km2. Fuxin has jurisdiction over Haizhou, Taiping, Xinqiu, Xihe and Qinghemen, and jurisdiction over Fuxin Mongolian Autonomous County and Zhangwu County. In 2005, the population of the whole city was 19268 15, of which the urban population was 78 1795 and the rural population was 1 145020.

Fuxin has a long history. As early as 8,000 years ago in the Neolithic Age, "Tea Sea People" thrived and worked hard in Fuxin today, creating a splendid tea sea culture. Liao Dynasty and Fuxin area are its strategic hinterland and reliable rear. In the late Ming and early Qing dynasties, the Mongolian people living here worked hard to develop this hot land.

1629 (the third year of the late Jin Dynasty), Shanba, the leader of the Mongolian boundless Hal tribe occupying the present Fuxin area, led his troops to the late Jin Dynasty. 1637 (the second year of Chongde in Qing Dynasty), the Qing court built Tumote Zuoqi in today's Fumeng County, with Shanba as Zasak (the flag commander) and later under Zhuosotumeng. Han affairs have been managed by Tazigou Hall (governing Lingyuan), Santatang Hall (governing Chaoyang) and Chaoyang County. 1902 (the 28th year of Guangxu reign in Qing dynasty), Jehol Xiliang (1853— 19 17) was born in Bayinguoleng, a Mongolian with a blue flag. He has served as governor of Shanxi, governor of Jehol and governor of three northeastern provinces, and is known for his honesty, diligence and pragmatism. The Qing court invited Fuxin county to be built in Tumote Zuoqi, and implemented the system of coexistence of counties and flags and division of Mongolian and Chinese. Taking the word "Fuxin" as the county name means "everything enriches the people and has a new look". 1in the winter of 903 (the 29th year of Guangxu reign of Qing Dynasty), Fuxin County was separated from Chaoyang County, which was formally established and under its jurisdiction, and belonged to Chaoyang District, which managed the Han affairs in the whole territory of Tumd Zuoyi Banner, the south of Naiman Banner, Chaohalaha Banner (now Liujiazi Township of Kulun Banner) and Tanggu Halaha Banner (now Geling Township of Kulun Banner). The county government was originally located in Ertupan (Qinglong Mountain) in Naiman Banner, and then moved to Shuiquan (now Fuxin Town).

Fuxin prospers and stands for coal. As early as 1739 (the fourth year of Qingganlong), coalfields were discovered in Qinghemen District of Fuxin City today. Soon, private small coal mines began to appear, but they were immediately banned by the Qing court. 1898 (in the 24th year of Guangxu reign of Qing Dynasty), three private inclined shafts were dug at the foot of Shantou Mountain in Xinqiu (now Xinqiu District of Fuxin City) to artificially mine shallow coal seams. Since then, the private coal industry has become increasingly prosperous. 1908 (thirty-four years of Guangxu), Japanese imperialism began to get their hands on Fuxin coalfield. 193 1 After the "September 18th Incident" in, Japanese imperialism invaded the northeast of China, and1Fuxin County fell on April 8th, 933. 1August, 935, the puppet Manchukuo Coal Mine Co., Ltd. forcibly occupied Fuxin private coalfield. 1935, Japanese and puppet authorities began to build railways from Gaotaishan to Xinlitun and Xinlitun to Yixian. 1936, the puppet Manchukuo Carbon Mine Co., Ltd. established a mining research institute and power station in Fuxin County. 1936, the Japanese and puppet authorities began to compile the Fuxin Du Yi Plan. In order to further plunder the coal resources in Fuxin area, Japanese imperialism instructed the puppet Manchukuo emperor Puyi to approve the establishment of Fuxin city order on March 26th, 1936, and designated 25 villages including Haizhou, Xinqiu, Mijiayao and Sunjiawan in Fuxin County to establish Fuxin city. This order came into effect on 1940 1 month 1 day.

The address of Fuxin city center is initially planned as Sunjiawan, followed by Fuxin county, and finally Haizhou Miao Village, 9 kilometers west of Fuxin county, is selected as the city center. 1March, 936, the Japanese and puppet authorities set up Fuxin Street in this area, which belongs to Fuxin County. The basis is that this place is located in the center of the northeast basin of Yiwulu Mountain Range, on the north bank of Xihe River, and the power generation site is arranged on the south bank of Xihe River along Xinyi Railway, which is beneficial to urban water supply. It is determined that Fuxin is 23.5 kilometers long from east to west and 14.5 kilometers wide from north to south, with a total area of 340.7 square kilometers. Fuxin's coal mines are included in the scope of urban construction, with a planned urban population of 200,000, which is expected to exceed 500,000 in 30 years. The urban area starts from Xinyi Railway in the south, reaches Liujiazi River in the north, Guangfu Zi Ying Village in the east and Gongjiawazi River in the west, covering an area of 26.5 square kilometers. The city street road takes the central square (now Jiefang Square) as the center, which is annular and radial, supplemented by a checkerboard square, forming a network. Public buildings and business districts are located on both sides of Xinhua Street and Dazhong Street. By the time the city was officially built on 1940 1 month 1 day, Japanese-style houses such as Xishan, Zhongping 'an, Bramaotou and Zhongxinqiu had been built one after another, as well as simple miners' dormitories such as Gaode, Sunjiawan, Wulong, Xiping 'an and Nanxinqiu and ordinary citizens' houses in the city. At the end of the year, the pseudo-Fuxin Municipal Office was moved from "Sheikh District" (Fuxin County) to Haizhou.

After Fuxin was formally established, it belonged to the pseudo-Jinzhou Province, and Fuxin Street was changed to Haizhou District. At the same time, the county flag system was abolished, Fuxin county was abolished, and Tumd left-wing flag was preserved. Fuxin has jurisdiction over Haizhou, Xinqiu, Taiping, Sunjiawan, Sheikh, Chengnan, Chengbei, Gaoshan, Xinglong, Hongye and Donggang 1 1 districts. In the second year, Sunjiawan District was abolished and a new district was established. There is a mayor and a deputy mayor in the office of the pseudo-Fuxin Municipal Committee. By the time Japan surrendered on August 15, 945, all four mayors were Japanese: Kenichi Inaba, Hiroshi Nishi, Tadashi Bobo and Ji Min Yamaguchi. There are two Koreans: Wang Xingyi and Xu Gande, and one Korean: Zhongjiang (Huang). At the beginning of its establishment, the puppet government office set up six departments, including general affairs, administration, finance, public works, police affairs and health care. , and then added the land management department, there are 67 puppet officials above the chief. The district office is directly under the jurisdiction of the municipal office, and each district has a district head, which consists of departments of economy, finance, administration, industry and general affairs. The city is divided into 72 streets, and street leaders and documents are set up in street offices. In order to rule and suppress Fuxin people, the Japanese and Puppet ruling authorities built barracks in the west of the city, stationed heavy troops, and successively set up police departments, courts, prisons, "ideological correction centers", "workers' consultation centers", gendarmerie and charcoal mine guards. There are various punishments. There are 27 police stations in the city, and the main officials of the police agencies are all Japanese. During the occupation of Fuxin by Japanese imperialism, 25.275 million tons of coal were plundered from Fuxin, and as many as 68,000 workers died in Fuxin.

1940 1 Month When Fuxin was founded, the urban population was 1462 14. 1August, 945 15 After Japan surrendered, the Japanese puppet government in Fuxin disintegrated, puppet Manchurian officials and Japanese fled in succession, mines stopped production, a large number of workers returned home, and the urban population plummeted to 30,000.

1August 945 15 Shortly after Japan surrendered, the Soviet Red Army entered Fuxin. 1 0 In September, the Eighth Route Army Jire Liao Military Region and the Communist Party of Western Liaoning appointed cadres and troops to take over Fuxin City, and established the Fuxin Working Committee of the Communist Party of China (later prefectural committee), Fuxin Office of the Liaoning Western Mission (later Fuxin Mission) and Fuxin garrison headquarters (later Fuxin Military Division), and established the Fuxin Municipal Government under the leadership of the Working Committee. At the end of February, 65438+, Fuxin Municipal Committee of the Communist Party of China led local, city and county party, government and army organs and troops to evacuate to the north of Fuxin County to establish a rural revolutionary base area. 65438+ 1.946 10, the Kuomintang troops occupied Fuxin city and established the Kuomintang Fuxin municipal government. In July, Fuxin City and Fuxin County merged into Fuxin County, while retaining Tumd Left Wing Banner. 1March 948 1 8, Fuxin area was liberated and Fuxin city was restored. Fuxin city and Fuxin county divide and rule. 1 9 5 2 In February, Fuxin was upgraded from a county-level city to a prefecture-level city. Zhangwu County was a royal ranch in Qing Dynasty, named Yangxi Ranch. 1July, 902 (the 28th year of Guangxu reign). 1On June 5th, 959, Fuxin Mongolian Autonomous County (1Fuxin County was abolished on April 7th, 958, and Fuxin Mongolian Autonomous County was established) and Zhangwu County were placed under the leadership of Fuxin City.