Traditional Culture Encyclopedia - Almanac inquiry - Where is the Shuidonggou cultural site?
Where is the Shuidonggou cultural site?
Shuidonggou area is also the grand view garden of the Ming Dynasty ancient Great Wall, beacon towers, castles, gullies, docks and other military defense buildings in northern China. In the nature reserve, the Great Wall winding eastward, the piers standing on the high platform, the quaint and mysterious castles and the deep and tortuous ravines are dizzying, which can not help but remind people of the heroic scene of "soldiers attacking the base with spears and generals drawing their swords to chase Hu Bing".
Shuidonggou is located in the southern margin of Ordos, and the Ya Dan landform created by nature makes it full of magnificent and peculiar charm of barren valley. After thousands of years of sand carving and erosion, more than 20 unique soil forest landscapes, such as Ghost Town, Wotuoling, Tian Fei Cliff, Duanyungu and Tamarix Valley, have been concentrated, which is desirable and a great sigh for the end of time.
Shuidonggou is the earliest paleolithic cultural site excavated in China. Known as "the birthplace of prehistoric archaeology in China" and "the historical witness of cultural exchanges between China and the West", it is listed as one of "the most significant 100 archaeological discoveries for Chinese civilization" by the state. It is a national key cultural relic protection unit, a national AAAAA-level tourist attraction and a national geological park. Won the Silver Award of "50 Most Worth Visiting Places for Foreigners in China".
The unique landform of Ya Dan has created more than 20 wonders such as ghost town, whirlwind cave, sleeping camel ridge, skyscraper cliff, broken cloud valley and Tamarix valley. And recorded the endless track of human activities in the past 30 thousand years, which made it full of profound and magnificent charm. The three-dimensional military defense system of the ancient Great Wall, which consists of the "Hengcheng Grand Realm", beacon towers, castles and hidden soldiers caves, has become the only well-preserved military defense building in China.
Visit prehistoric sites, see the waterfront of the Great Wall, cross the Tulin Canyon, visit the frontier fortress and see the caves of Tibetan soldiers. Shuidonggou, a tourist resort for Chinese and foreign tourists!
Shuidonggou is the earliest excavated Paleolithic site in China, a national key cultural relic protection unit, a national AAAAA scenic spot and a national geological park. Known as "the birthplace of prehistoric archaeology in China" and "the historical testimony of cultural exchanges between China and the West". It is listed as one of the national 100 key cultural relics protection units. It was also jointly selected by National Geographic and China Heritage magazine as "one of the most significant 100 archaeological discoveries for Chinese civilization" in China. Shuidonggou is also a grand view garden of military defense buildings such as the Great Wall, beacon towers, castles, gullies, hidden caves, grand canyons and piers in Ming Dynasty, and it is the only three-dimensional military defense system of the Great Wall in China.
Shuidonggou is 0/9 km away from Yinchuan, the capital, and only 0/5 minutes' drive from the airport. Yin Qing expressway and the auxiliary road pass through the scenic spot, with convenient transportation and the advantages of being close to the urban area and far away from the urban area. There are more people coming to Shuidonggou. Many tourists say that the country has gone to so many places, but the Shuidonggou in Ningxia shocked me. It is really a magical place, one step at a time, completely different, or primitive and quaint, or desolate and grotesque, or beautiful and safe, leisurely and remote, quiet, or steep and unique, mysterious and thrilling. Even Du Yili, deputy director of the National Tourism Administration, went to travel. The beauty of Shuidonggou seems to be carved naturally, but in fact it needs a lot of hard work and wisdom, emphasizing the natural harmony with the landscape, which is both beautiful and simple. In order to create an antique atmosphere, the architectural colors of Shuidonggou are all composed of different primary colors, such as earth tone, stone color and wood color. The bridge in Shuidonggou is a stone-wood arch bridge and a wooden bridge like a small bridge with flowing water. Together with blue sky, dark clouds, clear water, cliffs, reeds, mandarin ducks and wild ducks, it has built a quiet and escape paradise.
If culture is the soul of Shuidonggou, then innovation is the driving force for its development. There are many sites and scenic spots in China, but the innovative elements of artistry, literariness and high technology are integrated on the basis of the visiting function of traditional museums, and only Shuidonggou has them. Shuidonggou Ruins Museum adopts 270-degree super-large semi-landscape painting, real scene, phantom imaging and other display forms, combined with the application of the world's most advanced technologies such as sound, light, electricity and adjustable seismic platform. It truly reproduces the happy fishing and hunting life of ancient humans and the production scenes of making stone tools 30,000 years ago, as well as shocking disaster scenes such as downpours, floods and landslides. The beauty of the scene and the strong sense of reality are shocking, and the beauty of the artistic conception allows tourists to quickly integrate into the life scene of 30 thousand years, which is unforgettable for a long time. However, time in Shuidonggou Museum is no longer a distance, and high technology allows you to travel through 30,000 years in an instant. It has created a new form of exhibition in domestic museums, and it is the only and largest dynamic experience exhibition hall in China, which has become a highlight of Shuidonggou.
The magic of Shuidonggou lies in that it is not only a place where ancient humans thrived 30,000 years ago, but also an important military defense center of frontier ethnic groups in China in the Ming Dynasty. There are many places with the Great Wall in China, but the three-dimensional military defense system composed of the Great Wall, ravines, castles and steep canyons and the Tibetan soldiers caves dug along the cliffs of the canyons are unique, with grand scenes and wonderful designs. There are various facilities in the cave, such as tunnels, institutions, hidden weapons, watchtowers, armories, wells, generals' lounges, conference halls and kitchens. Here, you can personally visit and experience the thrills and thrills of the tunnel warfare in the Ming Dynasty, and the cruelty of the war and the cleverness of the defenders in the Ming Dynasty can be experienced and understood from a distance, which greatly satisfies the curiosity and thirst for knowledge of tourists. It has become another highlight of Shuidonggou.
The transportation in Shuidonggou is also very distinctive. Cruise ships, donkey carts and camel carts are all very leisurely. Traveling in Shuidonggou, you will forget the hustle and bustle of the city and the complexity of your mind, and you can go on. Beautiful, bright, safe, leisurely and comfortable, remote, quiet and harmonious, the water caves and ditches outside the city and countryside are definitely the holy places for tourists to set themselves free and enjoy their freedom. A scenic spot lasts for half a day, 30 thousand to 500 years; From prehistoric culture to frontier fortress military culture; From soil forest landscape to Gaoxia Pinghu; From the edge of the desert to the beautiful scenery in the south of the Yangtze River, it is amazing!
Shuidonggou tourist area
Shuidonggou Ruins Museum, located at the foot of Zhenming Great Wall, Lingwu He Lin, Yinchuan City, Ningxia, is 24 kilometers away from the capital city of Yinchuan, and1/km away from Hedong Airport, with a construction area of 4,308 square meters. The architectural form is based on the stone leaves which are the most characteristic of western Moster culture in Shuidonggou Paleolithic cultural materials, with the main color of stone tools and site environment-khaki as the basic color, and the shape is like stone tools. It is the only theme museum in western China that shows the face of Paleolithic Age.
The main feature of Shuidonggou Ruins Museum is the integration of art, literature and high-tech innovation elements on the basis of traditional museums. With large-scale relief, 270-degree large-scale semi-landscape painting, animation, phantom imaging, real scenes and real objects, combined with the application of the world's most advanced technologies such as sound, light, electricity and adjustable earthquake platform, it truly reproduces the happy production and life scenes of ancient humans, such as making stone tools, offering sacrifices, fishing and hunting, and the shocking scenes when disasters come. Created the exhibition form of China Museum, making it the most advanced exhibition hall in China, which has been unanimously recognized by experts from all over the world.
The museum is divided into two parts: the circular corridor exhibition area and the sinking exhibition area. According to the sequence of the circular corridor on the ground120m exhibition line, it is designed into five units: preface, human evolution history, paleolithic site in China, Shuidonggou cultural site in Ningxia and conclusion. It mainly displays the Shuidonggou cultural relics unit in Ningxia. This unit is divided into nine parts: the geographical survey of Shuidonggou, the geological structure of the site, the ancient environmental characteristics of Shuidonggou, the discovery of Shuidonggou site, the site distribution map, the five excavations of Shuidonggou site, the excavation results of Shuidonggou site, the research of Shuidonggou site, the production and life scenes of Shuidonggou people, etc.
In the form of exhibition, it broke the conventional exhibition mode of displaying cultural relics only through showcase, and integrated cultural relics, charts, sculptures, oil paintings, scene restoration, seismic stations, mountain torrents, sand tables, multimedia display and audience interaction, absorbing a large number of the latest international scientific and technological achievements, especially digital technology and multimedia technology, and improving the overall exhibition effect.
In order to guide and attract more tourists into 30,000 years, understand Shuidonggou and popularize Shuidonggou culture. The construction of the museum highlights the concept of "people-oriented" and "appealing to both refined and popular tastes", which integrates academics, professionalism, knowledge, appreciation and experience, and emphasizes experience.
Shuidonggou site, which is famous at home and abroad, is one of the earliest paleolithic cultural sites in China. Since 1923 was discovered and excavated by French paleontologists De Jinri and Sang Zhihua, it has devoted itself to the hardships and efforts of archaeologists at home and abroad, as well as the silent dedication of ordinary people. Eighty-four years ago, when archaeologists fixed their eyes on Shuidonggou, it was convenient for the "Zhangsan Xiaodian" which had no direct connection with Shuidonggou site.
The predecessor of Zhang San's small shop is the Che Ma Da shop opened by Zhang San's father Zhang Tianyi, which is about 500 meters away from Shuidonggou site in the north. Yinchuan, Ningxia is the only way between Inner Mongolia and northern Shaanxi. At that time, the store was quite large, with seven rooms built on it and five rooms for things. People from east to west cross the Yellow River from Hengcheng Ferry, and most of them spend the night in the store at night. When Zhang Tianyi ran this store, business was booming and the family had a good life. However, due to the completion of Yinling Highway, there were few pedestrians in Shuidonggou in the past, and the business of Zhangsandian was sluggish and bleak. Most of the shops were demolished, and the original chariots and horses shop was changed into a small shop, which was run by Zhang Sanyi, so it was called "Zhang Sandian".
In 2006, Zhangsan Store was restored, and busts were created to commemorate De Jinri, Sang Zhihua and China archaeologists Pei Wenzhong and Jia Lanpo who made outstanding contributions to the excavation and research of Shuidonggou cultural site in the 1920s and later. At the same time, the "Zhangsandian" will be rebuilt to commemorate the farmer Zhangsan and his world-famous shops who contributed to the excavation of Shuidonggou cultural sites.
Shuidonggou Village is an ancient crypt settlement site. In the ancient Shuidonggou village, there are cave-style, crypt-style, semi-crypt-style and shallow crypt-style rooms created by northern ancestors. This kind of living room handed down from the Neolithic Age is often built on the hillside or gully bank with thick loess layer, which is characterized by warm winter and cool summer.
Shuidonggou village has inherited this ancient way of life. First, it dug a crypt with a certain depth on the loess slope. Then, on the periphery of the crypt, it built a low wall with adobe to make it higher than the ground. Then, use trusses and wooden rafters to top it, followed by firewood, and paste mud on the firewood to prevent water leakage. This kind of bedroom building is extremely cheap, which is the best choice for ancient human living style. People in northern China used to call it "Diwozi" and "Dizuozi". It came into being in ancient times when the productive forces were extremely underdeveloped, accompanied by human beings for thousands of years, and was gradually abandoned by people until the 1960s, and finally withdrew from the historical stage.
There are 29 crypt-style architectural sites in Shuidonggou village settlement, and some crypt-style rooms in the scenic spot have been restored, so visitors can intuitively understand the living forms of ancestors.
Ningxia is known as the "Great Wall Museum". Lingwu, the seat of Lingzhou in ancient times, has always been a strategic place for the Central Plains dynasty to station in the northwest border. For the need of military defense, the rulers of Qin, Han, Sui and Ming dynasties all built the Great Wall in Lingzhou, and stationed troops to guard and immigrate here. The Great Wall of Lingwu is the best preserved and most magnificent in Ming Dynasty. It rises from the bank of the Yellow River in the west, just like a dragon, drinking the water of the Yellow River, crossing the sand sea, crossing the hilly grassland and extending eastward on the vast Ordos platform.
Lingwuming Great Wall runs through He Lin Town and ningdong town City from west to east, and Majiatan Town enters Yanchi County. Historically known as "Hedong Wall", it is also called "Dongda Edge" or "Hengcheng Edge".
The Great Wall of Lingwu Ming, built in A.D. 1474, starts from the bank of the Yellow River in the north of the city in the west and extends to the southeast. Passing through Shuidonggou, Hongshanbao, Qingshuiying Castle and other places, passing through Yanchi County to Zhoutaizi Township, Dingbian, Shaanxi Province. The total length is about 200 kilometers, and Lingwu is 45 kilometers long. According to historical records, Lingwu once built two Great Walls, one is the Sui Great Wall and the other is the Ming Great Wall, both of which were made of local materials and rammed with loess.
According to Sui Shu Cui Chuan, in the fifth year of Emperor Wendi (AD 585), "Cui was appointed minister of agriculture to build the Great Wall in Lingwu, Shuofang. It is 700 miles from the river in the west and Suide in the east to stop at the mouth of the lake. " In the Ming Dynasty, in order to prevent the invasion of Tatars and Waci people, the court built the Great Wall on a large scale on the basis of the Sui Great Wall. The Great Wall in the Ming Dynasty was called the "side wall". History: In the eighth year of Chenghua (A.D. 1472), it was created by Yu Zilong, the governor and right deputy censor. In the tenth year of Chenghua (A.D. 1474), Wang Shu was in charge of Yansui, Gansu and Ningxia, and at his urging, he was presided over by Governor Xu He of Ningxia in June, initially completing the connection project of the whole Great Wall. In October of the tenth year of Chenghua, there was an earthquake in Lingzhou, Ningxia, and one or two cases of side walls collapsed.
In the 15th year of Chenghua (A.D. 1479), the section from the bank of the Yellow River in Hengcheng to Huamachi was repaired, thickened and rebuilt. During Hongzhi's reign, Governor Zhang and Wang of Ningxia? More than 44,000 zigzag pits were dug outside the wall to prevent the enemy from riding near the side wall. Among them, in Hongshanbao Heishuigou area, the cutting is deep and wide. In the first year (A.D. 1506), Xia and Sui proposed to rebuild the Hedong City Wall, and Yang Yiqing under the trilateral system immediately requested permission to rebuild it.
In the tenth year of Jiajing (A.D. 153 1), Wang Qiong, the general manager of the trilateral system, was in charge, starting from Hengcheng on the bank of the Yellow River in the west and moving the "deep ditch and high base" to Huamachi in the east, with a total length of 360 miles. The original side wall was abandoned in the east of Wuying, and a new wall with a length of 54 miles was built in the south, named "Toudaobian" and the old wall was named "Erdaobian". The Great Wall of Ming Dynasty and some garrison castles around it built an effective military defense system to resist foreign invasion, which played a great role in the military defense at that time. Take Hongshan Castle as an example. The Trinity of the Great Wall, Tunpu and Hidden Cave here has formed a three-dimensional military defense system that can be attacked, defended and hidden, which is a great pioneering work of China's ancient military defense system.
As a military barrier, the Great Wall of Ming Dynasty has perfect organizational system and defense facilities. After the completion of the Hedong Wall, * * * set up four closed doors, and Huamachiying East built the Great Wall as the general purpose. High-rise buildings towering into the sky, embossed with the words "the natural barrier of the North" and "carving the skin and looking at it". Clear water construction has a closed door, and there are buildings upstairs. "From the railing, you can see it is next door." Building the Ning River terrace in the west, protecting the ferry and guarding the Great Wall. There are enemy platforms, wall platforms, piers and other military facilities on the Great Wall. Every 100 to 200 meters, build piers protruding out of the wall, so that there is no fire dead angle at the root of the side wall, and flank attacks can be carried out. The enemy platform is higher than the city wall, so you can look left and right and echo back and forth.
In some dangerous areas, enemy stations in Zhou Lu have been established, with as many as 20 soldiers stationed. There are 29 cities inside the east wall. Lingwuying has 1 13 bonfire piers, one pier every five miles. Fire is raised at night and smoke is raised during the day as a warning. If you see more than one hundred enemies, raise a beacon tower and a gun; 500 people, two beacon towers and two cannons; 1000 people, three lighthouses and three cannons; More than 5,000 people, four beacon towers and four cannons; More than ten thousand people, five guns and five cannons. The platform is equipped with porters, flags, drums, ladders, cannon stones, rockets, wolf dung, cow dung and firewood. Soldiers keep watch day and night, and all the barracks along the line are fully armed, with all kinds of food, grass, weapons and military supplies. They stand guard, patrol, communicate, transfer troops, give consideration to all aspects, and be on military alert.
The deep and solid wall of the Great Wall in the Ming Dynasty, the enemy platform and wall platform with both offensive and defensive functions, the castle for garrison preparation, the smoke dome for alarm, the impregnable Guancheng and other facilities constitute a perfect and strict military defense line.
The so-called hidden soldier cave is a tunnel where the defenders of Hongshanbao go underground from the ground, hide soldiers to protect themselves, wait for an opportunity to attack, or set an ambush in the open space (divided into 1 hidden soldier cave excavated in 2006 and No.2 hidden soldier cave excavated on September 20, 20 12). This is the only and most complete ancient three-dimensional military defense system in China. In China's Great Wall defense system, the Great Wall, castles and underground caves are not closely linked across the country, and there is only one place.
At present, Tibet Soldier Cave is the earliest tunnel warfare site and prototype in China. If the tunnel warfare between the Eighth Route Army and guerrillas in War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression period frightened the enemy, we can imagine that the border guards of the Ming Dynasty kept the invaders out of the Great Wall with the same wisdom and courage more than 500 years ago.
Before, because there was no development, there was no condition to visit the cave. People only know that the road of the "hidden soldier cave" is tortuous, like a maze. Coupled with the cave roof collapse, many places are covered with mud, and there are traps in the cave. There may still be a distance between the snake and the scorpion, so it is easy for people to dare not go far into the cave. No one can tell what the scene is in the cave. In this way, the "hidden soldier cave" has become a very mysterious and daunting place. Now, we can go in and feast our eyes, but we must follow the route guided by the signs to prevent getting lost and not getting out.
The Tibetan soldier cave twists and turns in the upper wall, connecting up and down, left and right. There are many forks in the cave, and the left plate turns right for a long time. It's really like a maze. It is difficult for people who are not familiar with the situation in the cave to come out. In addition to the tunnel, there are earthen houses on the left and right sides of the cave, which can accommodate people, probably for officers with troops. There is also a grain storage room in the cave, including a well and a kitchen. As long as enough food is stored, the soil hidden in the cave will not come out of the hole for a corresponding period of time and can still survive. Because the hidden soldier cave is above the bottom of the ditch 10 meter, it can be free from floods. Over the years, even if there are flash floods, the caves of Tibetan soldiers have never been flooded. We are really amazed at the wisdom of the ancients.
Since 2006, we have carried out protective cleaning and dredging of Tibetan soldiers' caves. At present, the length of the Tibetan soldier cave for everyone to visit is 965 meters, and the cleaning area is about 3200 square meters, but this is not all. According to the survey, the total length of the Tibetan soldier caves on the cliffs on the north and south sides of the Grand Canyon is about 3 kilometers, which needs to be further cleaned up. As for the part that has been cleaned up at present, we have taken protective measures to strengthen the cave wall and the collapsed roof.
When you enter the Tibetan soldier cave, you will find that there are many small niches on the cave wall, which is where the ancients placed cave lights to illuminate the cave. During the cleaning process, we found some broken pottery from time to time in the small niche, belonging to oil lamps; Many fragments of Ming dynasty were also found on the ground, which should be fragments of daily necessities of defenders in caves of Ming dynasty. More importantly, we can intuitively see ancient weapons such as knives, guns, halberds, swords, arrows and quiver, as well as unearthed military cultural relics such as helmets and shields in the armory and hall of the Tibetan soldiers cave. These treasures are probably the first time for many young friends to see them! As for the food and vegetable samples displayed in the niches, they were all the food left by the Ming defenders when they cleaned up the Tibetan soldiers. It has a history of nearly 500 years and is a rare cultural relic.
The construction of the Tibetan soldier cave is unique, so what role does it play? During the Ming Dynasty, Tatars and Warras lived in Hetao, Lingzhou Great Wall was the northernmost defense line of the Ming Dynasty in Ningxia and other places, while Hongshan Fort was flat and convenient for the enemy to ride in a large area, making it the first attack place for Tatars and other nobles to lead troops south. The main purpose of Tatar and other nobles riding south in series is to plunder people and property, and then retreat quickly after they succeed. But after the middle of the Ming Dynasty, the construction of the Great Wall was only an all-weather passive defense. Tatar and Vala nobles demolished the wall from Lingzhou to Yanzhou several times, and bandits looted Ningxia (now Yinchuan) in Lingzhou and then returned to the north. However, after they demolished the wall several times and went south, they didn't attack from Hongshan Castle. The three-dimensional fortifications in Hongshan Castle, including the hidden soldier cave, played a great role.
According to historical records, in the Ming Dynasty, the Tatar and Vala nobles demolished the walls from Lingzhou to Yanzhou many times, plundered Lingzhou and Ningxia (now Yinchuan), and then returned to the north. But none of them attacked Hongshan Castle. This may be related to the important role played by three-dimensional fortifications such as Tibetan soldiers' caves in the military.
Hongshanbao is named because it is located in Hongshan area. According to historical records, in ancient times, under the irradiation of sunset, the mountain here was bright red, which was misrepresented as "Hengshan" because of its name, and "Hongshan Fort" was formerly called "Hengshan Fort". It is a city wall in the defense system of the Great Wall in Ming Dynasty. Built in the 16th year of Hongzhi in Ming Dynasty (1503), it was built by Shang, the military commander of Shaanxi Province, more than 500 years ago.
Hongshanbao is a garrison town near the Ming Great Wall in the north, which was built by Shiyong, the capital of Ningxia. It is 50 miles from Qingshuiying in the east and 20 miles from Hongshanbao in the west. There are 25 1 person stationed in Hengshan Fort, including the fort keeper 1 person and the ethics officer 1 person, who is in charge of the eight piers of Fenghou (beacon tower) and looks after the Great Wall for about 30 miles. In peacetime, Hongshanbao is an activity place for people of all ethnic groups inside and outside the Great Wall to carry out business exchanges. Although the present Hongshan Castle has experienced the devastation of war and the erosion of years, its walls are still intact and towering.
Although the urn door of Hongshanbao has been buried by wind and sand, the majestic gate still stands tenaciously in the original soil. In the castle, you can also see the original house base. According to the military system of the Ming Dynasty, every five people lived in a barracks, and Hongshan Fort might have more than 50 houses. On the northwest platform of the castle, you can also see a large number of broken bricks and building components piled up. This may be the house where the fort guards live. Before it was destroyed, it might be a magnificent building with high grade.
Hongshanbao is a garrison town near the Ming Great Wall in the north. According to historical records, Hongshan Fort was built in the 16th year of Zhengde in Ming Dynasty (AD 252 1), which is a historical building in the capital of Ningxia. It is 50 miles from Qingshuiying in the east and 20 miles from Hongshanbao in the west. Hengshan Fort has 25 troops 1, garrison 1 person, ethics officer1person, Badun leads the peak (beacon tower), and looks after the Great Wall about 30 miles east and west.
In peacetime, Hongshanbao is an activity place for people of all ethnic groups inside and outside the Great Wall to carry out business exchanges. Although the present Hongshan Castle has experienced the devastation of war and the erosion of years, its walls are still intact and towering. Although the urn door of Hongshanbao has been buried by wind and sand, the majestic gate still stands tenaciously in the original soil. In the castle, you can also see the original house base. According to the military system of the Ming Dynasty, every five people lived in a barracks, and Hongshan Fort might have more than 50 houses. On the northwest platform of the castle, you can also see a large number of broken bricks and building components piled up. This may be the house where Shoubao lives. Before it was destroyed, it might be a magnificent building with high grade.
At the beginning, there were two main purposes for setting up ramparts such as Hongshan Castle. First, strengthen the defense on the Great Wall line (this was discussed when introducing the Tibetan soldier cave); The second is "autumn defense". The so-called "autumn defense" has existed since ancient times. In the Ming Dynasty, the Tatar and Wala nobles still followed the ancient example of nomadic nobles such as Turks, that is, horses, fat and grass often flourished in autumn, and farming was still in the autumn harvest season when they invaded the south on a large scale. Therefore, from the Sui and Tang Dynasties to the Ming Dynasty, an army should be mobilized to guard the border and protect the people's autumn harvest, which is called "autumn defense".
On the foundation of the Great Wall in the north of the city defense barriers such as Hongshan Fort, there are generally "secret doors" (that is, arched small ticket doors similar to city gates) to make the Great Wall communicate with the outside world, and the defenders can open it according to regulations. In addition, when the Great Wall was built in the Ming Dynasty, a beacon tower was built every five miles in the Great Wall, and there were four towers under Hongshan Fort, namely Anbian Pier, Daying Pier (this pier has a "secret door" in the city), Luozhen Pier and Yaoer Pier. The beacon tower is rammed by loess, and it is also called the "fireworks pier", which is also called the famous cigarette pier, beacon tower, beacon tower and Wolf Yantai. This pier is also installed on the Great Wall, which is specially used for military warning, burning smoke during the day, making a fire at night, and then discharging it in turn. Military intelligence can be quickly reported to the town or state office. This ancient alarm method is known as "the earliest radio in the world".
In the second year of Chenghua in Ming Dynasty (1466), it was stipulated in the law: "A total of smoke piers were set up to guard the staff. If necessary, add adjustment points. You need to accumulate straw and grass extensively and visit day and night in turn. In case of emergency, smoke during the day, light a fire at night, and then send a notice to avoid injury. Those who have false military intelligence reports should be allowed to attack the enemy. Each dock is generally guarded by three guards, who are on duty day and night in turn. As for the transmission of military intelligence, its decree also stipulates that "the border areas should be raised with beacon towers, and if one or two to more than a hundred people are seen, they should be raised with beacon towers; Five hundred people, two beacons and two cannons, more than a thousand people, three beacons and three cannons; More than 5,000 people, four beacon towers and four cannons; More than 10,000 people, five shots and five cannons. "Every beacon tower is generally equipped with flags, drums, ladders, cannon stones, rockets, wolf dung, cow dung, firewood and so on.
The Great Wall in Ningxia is not only numerous, but also widely distributed. Archaeologists infer from documents and architectural techniques that the Great Wall was built or used here from the Warring States Period to the Ming Dynasty, so Ningxia is called "China Great Wall Museum".
In order to better display the Great Wall culture of Ningxia, the Great Wall Museum of Ningxia was built in Hongshanbao, a well-preserved Shuidonggou scenic spot in the eastern part of the Great Wall of Ming Dynasty. The building area is 2200 square meters, imitating the traditional architectural form of Baozhai in northwest Ningxia, with two houses on the first floor. Show the rise and fall of the Great Wall, the Great Wall architecture, the Great Wall garrison, the Great Wall capture, the Great Wall management and the cultural exchanges between the Great Wall and various ethnic groups in the form of pictures, models and paintings, focusing on the features and changes of the Great Wall in Ningxia.
Address: Linghe Town, lingwu city, Yinchuan
Type: Cave Monument Museum Military
Grade: AAAAA
Play time: 1 day recommended.
Tel: 095 1-50 14338
Official website:/
Opening hours: 8:00- 18:00.
- Previous article:Sister Zhang Xinduo took a name.
- Next article:Dreaming of my warning to guard the pass
- Related articles
- Is 202 1 fourth day of the seventh lunar month suitable for caesarean section? How's life?
- Hong Kong Gregorian calendar 2022 calendar query
- Lunar April 29th.
- Which direction should I take to play cards?
- What month is the ugly month? Do you mean the lunar calendar or the solar calendar? Is it related to the year? Is the ugly month different in different years?
- Dreaming about the omen of fetal dislocation
- Dream of going swimming instead of going into the water.
- The tiger rushed to the sun.
- A detailed explanation of the achievement of "human god is a loser"
- List of auspicious days for giving birth to children on September 22, 2022