What do birds like swallows and orioles belong to?

Orioles belong to the family Orionidae of passeriformes.

Swallow (swallow)

Swallows belong to passeriformes 1 genus. The birds of this genus are small in size, with a body length of130 ~180mm. The wing tip is long and the tail is forked. Most of the back feathers are blue and black, so they were called mysterious birds in ancient times. The wing tip is long and good at flying, the mouth is short and weak, and the mouth is wide, which is a typical mouth shape of insect-eating birds. Short feet and strong claws. There are 20 species in the world and 4 species in China, among which domestic swallow and Jin Yan are more common. Swallow's front waist is chestnut red, its back chest has irregular horizontal stripes and its abdomen is milky white. Swallows usually breed from April to July. Domestic swallows nest under the eaves of farmhouses. The bird's nest is made of saliva bonded with soil and grass stems, covered with soft weeds, feathers, rags and so on. And some Artemisia annua leaves. The bird's nest is dish-shaped. Breeding 2 nests every year, mainly from May to early June and from mid-June to early July. Each nest lays 4 ~ 6 eggs. The second nest is less, with 2 ~ 5 pieces. Eggs are milky white. Males and females hatch eggs together. From 14 to 15 days, the young birds are hatched and fed by their parents together. The chicks fly out in about 20 days, and then feed them for 5 ~ 6 days, so they can feed themselves. The food is full of insects. The shape of swallows with golden waist is similar to that of domestic swallows, but slightly larger. This swallow has a chestnut waist, which is very eye-catching. There are tiny black lines in the lower body, which are easy to distinguish from domestic swallows. Habits are similar to those of domestic swallows, but most of them live in mountain villages. Yan is a typical migratory bird. After the breeding, the young birds still follow the adult activities, and gradually integrate into large groups, and move south for the winter before the first cold wave comes.

Mainly mosquitoes, flies and other insects, it is a well-known beneficial bird, and the masses have the habit of protecting swallows from generation to generation.

Swallows are birds that are beneficial to human beings. When the autumn wind is bleak and the leaves fall, swallows fly to the south in groups, and when the willows bloom in the next spring, they fly back to their original places.

Yan comes back at this time every year. As early as thousands of years ago, people knew the law of swallows flying from autumn to spring. According to legend, in the Spring and Autumn Period, in order to explore the migration law of swallows, ladies-in-waiting in Wu Palace cut off a swallow's paw to see if it would fly back to its original place the next year. Coincidentally, a man named Fu Xian in the Jin Dynasty also observed in this way. As a result, the next spring, the swallows without claws flew back. Swallows usually fly at night, especially when the wind is clear and the moon is bright. They fly fast and high, and rest on the ground for food during the day. Ancient poets once described the flying habits of swallows as follows: "In the past, Wang Xietang flew into the homes of ordinary people" and "there was nothing to do with the flowers, as if the swallows had returned." In agricultural production, the flight migration law of swallows is also regarded as a phenological phenomenon of agricultural activities.

In the autumn before winter, swallows always travel long distances every year-they fly from the north to the far south in droves, where they can enjoy warm sunshine and humid weather, leaving the frost and cold wind of winter to tits, grouse and Thunderbirds who never fly to the south for winter. On the surface, it is the cold winter in the north that makes swallows leave their hometown for the winter in the south, and then return to their hometown to have children and live and work in peace and contentment in the spring season. Is that really the case? Actually, it is not. It turns out that swallows feed on insects. They have always been used to preying on flying insects in the air, but they are not good at finding insect food in cracks in trees and on the ground. They can't omnivore berries and seeds like rubber grouse and Thunderbird, and they can't eat leaves in winter (conifers don't lose their leaves even in winter). However, in winter in the north, there are no flying insects for swallows to prey on, and swallows can't dig up the larvae, pupae and eggs of hidden insects such as woodpeckers and woodfinches. The lack of food makes swallows have to migrate from north to south every year in order to obtain a broader living space. Swallows have become a "nomadic people" in the bird family.

Domestic swallows have a "quirk": they always move in the dead of night and the bright moon is in the sky, and they fly very fast. Sometimes they can only see their own shadow flash by, but they can't see it clearly.

Swallows still have amazing memories. No matter how far they fly, even if they are separated by Qianshan Mountain, they can return to their hometown with their amazing memories.

When the swallows return to their hometown, the first "great event" is that the females and males jointly build their own homes, sometimes repairing old nests and sometimes building new ones. Domestic swallows bring soil, grass stalks, feathers and so on. Use their mouths and mix their saliva. Soon, a brand-new bowl-shaped bird's nest appeared under your eaves.

Sometimes, the overbearing sparrow will take advantage of the situation and seize the comfortable nest of the swallow, but the swallow will not stop there. They will attack and blow away sparrows. Sometimes, if the sparrows can't be driven away, the domestic swallows will "cruelly" take away the soil and branches, seal the nest and "bury" all the sparrows alive.

Swallows are very light and have a pair of narrow and long wings. When flying, it looks like two sharp sickles. When flying, it looks like an arrow that has just left the string and it is launched with a whoosh. It is an expert in catching insects and can eat 250 thousand insects in a few months, so we must not hurt it!

Since ancient times, people have been happy to let swallows nest and have children in their houses, which is considered auspicious and blessed. Although the ground under the swallow nest is often dirty, people don't care. Swallow is a migratory bird with strong seasonality. People call it "Chun Yan who returned in spring" and "Chun Yan who suddenly returned". As long as you see a swallow, it seems to remind people that spring is coming! The ancients once said that "the birds sing and swallow the New Year" is a wonderful sentence. People always associate swallows with spring.

Swallows include dew swallow, white-waisted swift, domestic swallow, rock swallow, grey sand swallow, golden-waisted swallow and hairy-footed swallow. Different swallows have different living habits. For example, swallows and swallows belong to climbing birds, while domestic swallows and golden swallows belong to songbirds. Different kinds of swallows have different shapes. Lou Yan is a little bigger, flying high and fast, black all over, metallic and singing loudly. It likes to nest under the high eaves of pavilions and ancient buildings. Domestic swallows are small, with metallic black hair, chestnut head, white or light pink abdomen, low flying and low singing. They are mostly on the indoor beams and corner nests of residents, and they like to be close to human beings.

Orioles

A general term for birds of the genus oriole of passeriformes. Feathers are bright yellow. There are 24 kinds. There are five kinds in China. The black pillow oriole is a typical representative. Black pillow oriole, also known as oriole, is 22 ~ 26 cm long and bright yellow, with 1 wide black stripes from face to back, and most of its wings and tail feathers are black. The mouth is thick, the apex of the upper mouth is slightly bent downward and has a notch, and the mouth is pink. Wings are sharp and long, and the tail is convex. Short and weak legs, suitable for arboreal, not good at walking. Legs and feet are blue. The feathers of female birds are dyed green, which is not as bright as that of male birds; This young bird's feathers are like that of a female bird, and its lower body has dark brown longitudinal stripes. Mainly lives in broad-leaved forest. Feeding on insects and berries. Male birds will make clear and pleasant songs during the breeding season. Men and women weave a basket-shaped hanging nest between horizontal branches with bark, hemp fiber and grass stems. Each nest lays four eggs. The egg is pink with sparse purple and rose spots, and the shell is shiny. Female birds hatch eggs. The incubation period is 13 ~ 16 days, and the brooding period is about 16 days. Widely distributed in Palaearctic and Oriental realms. Oriole is a famous insect-eating animal, with bright feathers and beautiful songs.