1958 yellow river flood, what was the situation at that time?

From Sanmenxia to Huayuankou of the Yellow River1mid-July, 958 (referred to as Sanhua section for short), the biggest flood occurred since the hydrological data of the Yellow River 19 19. The peak flow reached 22,300 cubic meters per second, and the Beijing-Guangzhou railway bridge across the Yellow River was interrupted by flood 14 days.

Only the Yellow River beach area and Dongping Lake area in Shandong and Henan provinces flooded 1708 villages, with 740,800 people affected, 3.04 million mu of cultivated land and 300,000 houses collapsed. Relevant counties in Sanhua area were also flooded to varying degrees.

The flood was mainly caused by the continuous rainstorm in the main stream of the Sanhua section of the Yellow River and the basins of the Yi, Luohe and Qinhe rivers from July 14 to July 19. The rainstorm area is 86,000 square kilometers, of which the rainstorm area over 200mm10.6 million square kilometers, 300mm area is 6,500 square kilometers, and 400mm area is 2,000 square kilometers.

1 the daily average maximum rainfall is 69.4 mm, and the daily maximum rainfall is 1 19. 1 mm; During these five days, most of the rainfall was concentrated in 16 from 20: 00 to 17 at 8: 00/2 hours. For example, the rainfall of Yuanqu Station 12 hour is 249 mm, which is 50% of the total rainfall of 499.6 mm in five days.

Extended data:

Flood fighting and rescue process:

1958 when the flood came, the central, Henan and Shandong provincial governments immediately held an emergency meeting on flood control, mobilized the whole people, and went all out to organize and mobilize more than 2 million soldiers and civilians to prevent floods, some reaching 300-500 people per kilometer. The broad masses of soldiers and civilians are playing the slogan of "people are on the embankment, the water rises and the embankment rises, ensuring that there is no breach". More than 600 kilometers were built overnight to prevent the factory from being flooded and ensure the safety of the levee.

When the flow rate of Huayuankou is 22,300 cubic meters per second, Beijindi flood detention area and Dongping Lake flood storage should be started as required. However, considering that the flood peak at Huayuankou Station has appeared, the water levels at stations above Huayuankou have also dropped, and the rainfall in the main stream areas of Iraq, Luoyang, Qinhe and Sanmenxia has weakened. As long as we strengthen the defense and make full use of the wide river channel above Gaocun and Dongping Lake for flood storage, we can avoid using the flood storage detention area of Beijindi and reduce the flood diversion loss.

This idea was approved by the Yellow River Flood Control Headquarters in Henan and Shandong provinces, and telegraphed to the State Council, the Central Flood Control Headquarters and the Ministry of Water Resources and Electric Power for instructions. With the approval of Premier Zhou Enlai, it was decided to rely on the masses, stick to the levee, not use the flood storage and detention area of Beijindian, but only open the flood storage and detention area of Dongping Lake, resolutely overcome the flood and ensure safety.

At the critical moment of flood fighting and emergency rescue, Premier Zhou Enlai visited the first line of the Yellow River on July 18 to inspect the water situation and direct flood fighting and emergency rescue, and was protected by the General Administration. This is a great encouragement to the troops fighting the Yellow River and played a great role in winning this victory.

Before the flood, the flood control headquarters at all levels organized personnel to quickly move the residents in the beach area to safety. The China People's Liberation Army immediately dispatched planes to airdrop life-saving equipment and materials, thus avoiding a large number of residents' casualties. For flood victims, the central and local governments quickly dispatched mountain personnel, allocated a lot of materials for relief, repaired water-damaged projects and rebuilt their homes.

Baidu Encyclopedia-1958 Yellow River Flood