There are stories about festivals and legends in China.

Cold food Tomb-Sweeping Day the day before.

(A festival in the old customs, the day before Tomb-Sweeping Day [two days before Qingming Festival]. During the Spring and Autumn Period, Zhong Er, the son of the State of Jin, who had been exiled for many years, returned to China and acceded to the throne (that is, Jin Wengong). Except for Jiezitui, all the other courtiers died. Jie Zitui then lived in seclusion with his mother in Mianshan [now southeast of Jiexiu County, Shanxi Province]. When Jin Wengong learned about this, he wanted to raise the reward. He found Mianshan, but he couldn't find him, so he wanted to burn the mountain to force him out. But meson push failed to hold on, and both mother and son were burned to death. Therefore, Jin Wengong stipulates that people are forbidden to cook on the fire on this day every year to express their condolences with cold food. Later, the custom of eating cold food and sweeping graves on the day of cold food was formed. )

The eighth day of the third lunar month in Tomb-Sweeping Day.

Tomb-Sweeping Day is a traditional festival in China, and it is also the most important festival to worship ancestors and sweep graves. Grave-sweeping is commonly known as going to the grave to worship ancestors. Most Han people and some ethnic minorities visit graves in Tomb-Sweeping Day. According to the old custom, when sweeping graves, people should bring food, wine, fruit, paper money and other items to the cemetery, offer food to the graves of their loved ones, then burn the paper money, cultivate new soil for the graves, break a few green branches and insert them in the graves, then kowtow and worship, and finally eat and drink home. The poem Qingming written by Du Mu, a poet in the Tang Dynasty, said: "There are many rains during the Qingming period, and pedestrians on the road want to break their souls. Ask local people where to buy wine? The shepherd boy pointed to Xinghua Village. " Write the special atmosphere of Tomb-Sweeping Day.

Tomb-Sweeping Day, also known as the outing festival, is between April 4th and 6th every year according to the solar calendar, which is a season of bright spring and lush vegetation, and also a good time for people to go for a spring outing. Therefore, the ancients had the custom of going for an outing in Qingming and carrying out a series of sports activities. )

The fifth day of the fifth lunar month, Dragon Boat Festival.

The fifth day of the fifth lunar month is the Dragon Boat Festival. The real name of Dragon Boat Festival is Dragon Boat Festival, which means start. "Five" and "noon" are homophonic and universal. This is an ancient festival in China. After being exiled by slanderers, Qu Yuan, the earliest patriotic poet in ancient China, witnessed the increasingly corrupt politics of Chu State, unable to realize his political ideal and save the endangered motherland, so he threw himself into the river. Since then, in order to prevent fish and shrimp from eating their bodies, people have kneaded glutinous rice and flour into cakes of various shapes and put them in the river center, which has become the source of eating zongzi and fried cakes during the Dragon Boat Festival. This custom has spread abroad.

-the breeze laughs with pride.

The seventh day of the seventh lunar month

The night on the seventh day of the seventh lunar month is called "Qixi". According to China folklore, the Cowherd and the Weaver Girl meet at the Magpie Bridge in Tianhe tonight. Later, there were some customs, such as women asking Vega for help on this night. The so-called cleverness is to thread a needle in Vega with colored thread in the moonlight. It would be a "coincidence" if you could pass through seven pinholes of different sizes. The agricultural proverb says, "On the seventh day of July in Enigmatic, a sickle is used to cut rice." It's time to sharpen the sickle and get ready to harvest the early rice. )

[Edit this paragraph] Respect for the Elderly Day

The ninth day of the ninth lunar month is the traditional Double Ninth Festival in China. At the same time, it is also a festival to respect the elderly in China. 1989 China designated September 9th as the festival for the elderly, which skillfully combined tradition with modernity and became a festival to respect, love and help the elderly.

Every time I go to Chongyang, people will think of Wang Wei's "Being in a foreign land, I miss my relatives more every festive season." I know where my brother climbed from a distance, and there is another person missing from the dogwood. "This poem. Since ancient times, the Double Ninth Festival has been a day when people respect and love the elderly, miss their parents and long for reunion.

There is also a saying in history that the thirteenth day of the seventh lunar month is a day to respect the elderly, but it was revised in 1989.

[Edit this paragraph] Mid-Autumn Festival

the fifteenth day of the eighth lunar month

(The 15th day of the eighth lunar month, which is in the middle of autumn, is called the Mid-Autumn Festival. In the evening, the full moon in Gui Xiang is regarded as a symbol of reunion by old customs. This is a festival to prepare all kinds of fruits and cooked food to enjoy the moon. Eat moon cakes on Mid-Autumn Festival. According to legend, at the end of the Yuan Dynasty, in order to overthrow the brutal rule of the Yuan Dynasty, the broad masses of the people wrote the date of the uprising on a piece of paper and put it in the stuffing of moon cakes so as to pass it on to each other in secret, calling on everyone to revolt on August 15. Finally, a nationwide peasant uprising broke out on this day and overthrew the decadent Yuan Dynasty. Since then, the custom of eating moon cakes on Mid-Autumn Festival has spread more widely. )

Edit this paragraph] Double Ninth Festival

September of the lunar calendar

The ninth day of the ninth lunar month is the traditional Double Ninth Festival. The Double Ninth Festival is also known as the Double Ninth Festival and the Festival for the Elderly, because in the Book of Changes in ancient times, "six" was defined as the number of yin and "nine" as the number of yang. On September 9, the sun and the moon met, so it was called the Double Ninth Festival, also known as the Double Ninth Festival. The ancients thought it was an auspicious day to celebrate, and they began to celebrate this festival from a very early age. The activities to celebrate the Double Ninth Festival are colorful and romantic, generally including sightseeing, climbing high and looking far, watching chrysanthemums, planting dogwoods everywhere, eating double ninth festival cakes, drinking chrysanthemum wine and other activities. Double Ninth Festival, because it is homophonic with "long", and nine is the largest number in the number, which means long life. In addition, autumn is also the golden harvest season of the year, and the Double Ninth Festival has a far-reaching impact. People have always had special feelings for this festival. There are many excellent poems in Tang poetry and Song poetry to congratulate the Double Ninth Festival and chant chrysanthemums.

According to legend, in the Eastern Han Dynasty, Runan people went to project, and Fei Changfang told him that there would be a great disaster in Runan on September 9, so he quickly asked his family to sew a small bag, put Cornus officinalis in it, tied it to his arm, and climbed the mountain to drink chrysanthemum wine to take refuge. On this day, the whole family climbed the mountain and went home at night. Sure enough, all the chickens, dogs and sheep in the family died. Since then, people have made dogwood bags, drank chrysanthemum wine, held temple fairs, climbed mountains and other customs on the Double Ninth Festival. Because "Gao" and "Gao" are homonyms, there is a custom of eating "Chongyang cake" on the Double Ninth Festival. Wang Weiyou, a poet in the Tang Dynasty, wrote a poem, "I miss my relatives twice during the festive season in the mountains": "When I am in a foreign land, I miss my relatives twice during the festive season." I knew from a distance where my brother had climbed, and there was another person missing from the dogwood. "Recorded the customs at that time. Due to sincere feelings, this poem has been well-known so far.

[Edit this paragraph] Solstice in winter

November 22nd of the lunar calendar.

In ancient China, people attached great importance to the winter solstice and thought it was a major festival. There is a saying that the winter solstice is as big as a year, and there is a custom to celebrate it. "Han Shu" said: "The sun shines brightly on the solstice in winter, and the monarch is growing up, which is gratifying." People think that after the winter solstice, the days become longer and longer and the sun rises, which is the beginning of the solar cycle and an auspicious day and should be celebrated. The Book of Jin records: "On the winter solstice of Wei and Jin Dynasties, people from all over the world celebrated ... its appearance was not as good as that of Zheng Dan." Explain the ancient emphasis on the winter solstice.

Now, some places still celebrate the winter solstice as a festival. The northern region has the custom of slaughtering sheep and eating jiaozi and wonton from winter solstice, while the southern region has the custom of eating dumplings and long noodles from winter solstice on this day. There is also the custom of offering sacrifices to heaven and ancestors in winter solstice in various regions. )

[Edit this paragraph] Laba Festival

The eighth day of the twelfth lunar month

In ancient times, the activity of offering sacrifices to "gods" in December was called La Worship, so the December of the lunar calendar was called the twelfth month. On the eighth day of the twelfth lunar month, the old custom is to drink Laba porridge. Legend has it that Sakyamuni became a Buddha on this day. In order to celebrate the merits of Sakyamuni, a grand Buddhist conference will be held in the temple to commemorate it, and incense and bells and drums will ring together to cook porridge for the Buddha. Laba Festival is the coldest day in the north. People cook Laba porridge with whole grains and dried fruits and eat it in the morning of the festival. There are at least eight kinds of raw materials for cooking Laba porridge. The materials used vary from place to place, generally including rice, millet, glutinous rice, barley, wheat, coix seed, red bean, mung bean, kidney bean, lotus seed, ginkgo, peanut kernel, longan, almond, melon seeds, raisins, red dates, chestnuts and preserved fruits. In addition, there are a variety of raw materials such as salty Laba porridge and meat Laba porridge. On this day, people in the north not only drink Laba porridge, but also offer sacrifices to their ancestors, hoping for a bumper harvest next year. During the Laba Festival, in order to welcome the arrival of the Spring Festival, people began to prepare new year's food, such as Laba vinegar, pickled Laba garlic, preserved meat, preserved duck, preserved fish and so on. Since then, people have followed suit, until today.

[Edit this paragraph] New Year's Eve

Kitchen Festival and Kitchen Festival are commonly known as "off-year", also known as off-year, off-year, off-year festival and so on.

On the 23rd day of the twelfth lunar month, people call it "off-year", which means that the year is coming to an end.

In the past, there were "three officials, three people, four places and five monks", that is to say, anyone with a reputation of being a scholar or above had to spend the lunar new year on the 23rd, the ordinary people on the 24th and the Taoists and monks on the 25th. Today, most northern regions spend their off-year holidays on 23rd.

The main folk activity in off-year is "giving stoves", that is, "king of people". Kitchen King is also called "Kitchen King", and villagers call it "Kitchen King".

[Edit this paragraph] Table of traditional festivals

Unless otherwise specified, the following festivals are calculated according to the lunar calendar (also known as summer calendar and lunar calendar):

1, Spring Festival on the first day of the first month has more than 30 names in ancient times, such as Yuanri, New Year's Day, Jacky, Chen Yuan, Yuanshuo, Sanyuan, Sanzheng, Zheng Dan and Zhengshuo.

The fifth day of the first month, Shen Lu's birthday.

On the fifteenth day of the first month, Lantern Festival

4. The Spring Festival on the second day of February is also called Dragon Head Rise and Qinglong Festival.

5. February 15th Flower Festival

6. Tomb-Sweeping Day Cold Food Festival the day before.

On the third day of March, the legendary Queen Mother held a flat peach party.

8. Tomb-Sweeping Day on the 15th after the vernal equinox (now April 5th in Gregorian calendar).

9. The eighth day of April is Buddha's birthday, which is also called the festival of the ox. After that, the cows will go to the fields.

10, Dragon Boat Festival on the fifth day of May

1 1, summer solstice

12, June 6th Sun Festival "On June 6th, the sun shines red and green." "Auntie's Day" and "June 6th, Invite Auntie" are another festivals in ancient times, called Tiangong Festival, and June 6th is also a festival of Buddhist temples, called Fan Jing Festival.

13, the seventh day of July, commonly known as Qixi, the seventh day of July, Begging for Clevership Festival.

14, Mid-Autumn Festival on July 15th, also known as Ghost Festival and San Li Festival.

15 and July 30th Dizang Festival

16, Mid-Autumn Festival on August 15th

17, Double Ninth Festival on September 9.

18, the first day of October and the October dynasty, also known as ancestor worship festival.

19, 10 15 Lunar New Year.

1 1 22nd, the solstice in winter.

2 1, Laba Festival

22. The 23 rd Festival of the twelfth lunar month is commonly known as "off-year", also known as off-year, off-year and off-year festivals.

23. The last day of the twelfth lunar month is called New Year's Eve, New Year's Eve, New Year's Eve, anniversary Festival and so on. It is called New Year's Eve and New Year's Eve.

Birthdays of several saints:

Guandi's birthday: June 24th.

Birthday of Confucius, the most holy teacher: August 27th.

Master Sage's Birth Date: March 28th.

Lu Ban's birthday: June 13th (the seventh day of May)

Fuxi's birthday: May 13 (the legendary dragon's birthday)

Yandi Shennong's birthday: April 26th.

Huangdi's birthday: the second day of February.

Zhu Gekongming's birthday: July 23rd.

Mencius' birthday: the second day of April.

Yue Fei's birthday: February 15th.

Laozi's birthday: February 15.

Sakyamuni's birthday: the eighth day of April.

Qu Yuan's birthday: the 21st day of the first month.

Sixth ancestor Huineng's birthday: the eighth day of February

Attachment 1:

Twenty-three/twenty-four sacrificial stoves in the twelfth lunar month

Take a bath on the 27th/28th of the twelfth lunar month.

Lunar New Year's Eve on the 29th.

Sacrifice to the god of wealth on the second day of the first month

Burn the door god paper/Xiaomi's birthday/the third day of the first month of the New Year.

On the fifth day of the first month, it is commonly known as the custom of breaking the Five Dynasties.

On the seventh day of the first month, people also call it People's Victory Day, People's Celebration Day, Population Day and People's Seventh Day.

On the eighth day of the first month, the lower bound of the stars along the line is also called "offering stars" and "receiving stars"

On the tenth day of the first month, on Stone's birthday, "Stone doesn't move" and "Ten doesn't move" mice marry women.

Attachment 2: Other festivals:

"Semiannual Festival" has the names of June 15, June 14, June 6, June 5 and June 1 day!

Guanyin's birthday: February 19, June 19, September 19,1month 19, the belief of Guanyin Bodhisattva has gone beyond the scope of Buddhism. This is a culture and a wish!

Every year, March 23rd of the lunar calendar is Mazu's birthday!

On the first day of July, it is usually called the interest gate.

Bunker Festival: A traditional festival of sacrifice for the Han nationality in China, which falls on the 25th day of the first lunar month. Also known as Tiancang Festival and Tiancang Festival, it is a festival to worship God.

[Edit this paragraph] Chinese and English traditional festivals in China.

1. Spring Festival (the first day of the first lunar month); Chinese New Year

2. Lantern Festival (January 15th of the lunar calendar)

3. Tomb-Sweeping Day (April 5) Tomb-Sweeping Day

4. Dragon Boat Festival (the fifth day of the fifth lunar month)

5. Mid-Autumn Festival (August 15th of the lunar calendar)

6. Double Ninth Festival (the ninth day of the ninth lunar month)

7. New Year's Eve (December 30th)

The Origin of China New Year

China's New Year's Day is said to have started in Zhuan Xu, one of the three emperors and five emperors, with a history of more than 5,000 years. The word "New Year's Day" first appeared in the Book of Jin: "It was actually the spring of New Year's Day when the emperor was transferred to Xia Meng in the first month." During the Southern and Northern Dynasties, Xiao Ziyun, a literary historian in the Southern Dynasties, also recorded "Four Seasons New Year's Day, Long Life and Early Spring Dynasty" in his poem "Jieya". In the Song Dynasty, Wu's Dream entered the first month: "The first day of the first month is called New Year's Day, commonly known as New Year's Day. This is the first time for a one-year-old festival. " ; Cui Yuan in the Han Dynasty called it "Jacky" in Sanziming. In Jin Dynasty, Yu noted that Yang Du Fu said; It was called "Yuan Chun" in Hui Yuan da Ge Xiang Huangxia Ci in the Northern Qi Dynasty. Tang Dezong Shili called it "Yuanshuo" in his poem "Returning from the DPRK to Watch the War and Return to Camp in the Yuan Dynasty".

During the excavation of cultural relics in Dawenkou, China found a picture of the sun rising from the top of the mountain with clouds in the middle. According to textual research, this is the oldest writing method of "Dan" in China. Later, the simplified word "Dan" appeared on the bronze inscriptions of Shang Dynasty. The word "Dan" is represented by a round sun. The "one" below the "sun" indicates the horizon, which means that the sun rises from the horizon of Ran Ran.

New Year's Day in China always refers to the first day of the first month of the summer calendar (lunar calendar and lunar calendar). Yuan means "early" and "start", but it means "day" New Year's Day is collectively called the "initial day", that is, the first day of the year. There are different names in Chinese dialects, some are called "New Year's Day", some are called "big day" and some are called "New Year's Day", which is generally called "the first day of the first month".

The date of the first day of the first month was also very different before Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty. Therefore, the New Year's Day of the past dynasties is not consistent. Meng Xiyue (1 month) is the first month of the Xia calendar, the twelfth month of the Shang lunar calendar (1February) and the winter month of the weekly calendar (1 1 month). After Qin Shihuang unified China, Yangchun month (October) was the first month, that is, the first day of October was New Year's Day. Since Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, it has been stipulated that Meng Xiyue (January) is the first month, and the first day of Meng Xiyue (the first day of the first month in the summer calendar) is called New Year's Day, which has been used until the late Qing Dynasty. But this is the summer calendar, that is, the lunar calendar or lunar calendar, and it is not what we call New Year's Day today.

In 65438 AD, the Revolution of 1911 led by Sun Yat-sen overthrew the rule of the Manchu Dynasty and established the Republic of China. Representatives of provincial governors met in Nanjing and decided to use the Gregorian calendar, calling the first day of the first lunar month "Spring Festival" and Gregorian calendar 1 day "New Year's Day". However, it has not been officially announced and named. In order to "follow the agricultural season, so follow the western calendar, so make statistics", in the first year of the Republic of China, it was decided to use the Gregorian calendar (19 12 was actually used at that time), and it was stipulated that the Gregorian calendar 1 was called "New Year's Day", but it was not called "New Year's Day" at that time.

Today's "New Year's Day" is on September 27th, 1949, the eve of the founding of New China. When the first China People's Political Consultative Conference decided to establish the People's Republic of China (PRC) (China), it also decided to adopt the universal chronology, which is what we call the solar calendar.

In modern times, New Year's Day refers to the first day of the first year of the year. In order to distinguish between the lunar calendar and the solar calendar, and in view of the fact that the "beginning of spring" in the 24 solar terms of the lunar calendar is just around the Lunar New Year, the first day of the first lunar month was renamed the Spring Festival, and the 1 day of the solar calendar was designated as the beginning of New Year's Day, which became a legal holiday and became a happy festival for the people of the whole country.