The historical evolution of yin.

In the late Yin Shang Dynasty, Anyang was the Yin Ruins of Shangdu. In the early Shang Dynasty, the capital was frequently moved. According to historical records, they moved the capital 13 times. During the reign of Pan Geng, the Shang King, in about 1300 BC, the capital moved from "An" (located in present-day Henan Province) to "Bei Meng" (now northwest Anyang City) and was renamed "Yin". History says "Pan Geng moved to Yin". After the capital of Shang Dynasty moved to Yin, Yin became the political, economic and cultural center of Shang Dynasty. The Shang Dynasty passed down eight generations and twelve kings in the Yin Dynasty, which lasted for 254 years. 1046 years ago, Zhou Wuwang led the vassal division to attack the Shang and Zhou Dynasties and launched the Makino War. The defeat set him on fire, and Yin died. In modern times, 1.5 million pieces of Oracle Bone Inscriptions, tens of thousands of bronzes (including the famous stepmother Wu Ding) and more than 50 palace sites have been unearthed here. There are palaces, tombs, civilian areas, copper casting sites, manual workshops and large-scale sacrificial sites.

During the Spring and Autumn Period, Anyang belonged to Wei State first, and then to Jin State. During the Warring States Period, Anyang belonged to Wei and later to Zhao. The name "Anyang" began in the Warring States Period. There are two theories, which are contained in the historical records of Zhao. The name "Anyang" first appeared in history books. Another "Historical Records of Qin Benji" contains: "In the fifty years of Qin Dynasty (the first 257 years), Wang attacked Handan, refused to score points, and attacked Fencheng, that is, since the Tang Dynasty, Ning Xinzhong was renamed Anyang." That is, the name of Anyang was changed from Ningxinzhong. After Qin unified the six countries, the county system was implemented, and the world was divided into thirty-six counties. Today, the area under the jurisdiction of Anyang City is roughly Handan County. It was originally located in Anyang county. At the end of Qin Dynasty, it belonged to Hanoi County and Handan County.

In the early years of the Western Han Dynasty, the abandoned Anyang County was merged into Dangyin County, which was not re-established until the Western Jin Dynasty. The area under the jurisdiction of Anyang City belongs to Hanoi County in the west and wei county in the east. From the Eastern Han Dynasty to the unification of the Western Jin Dynasty, Hanoi County was under the jurisdiction of Li Si Duhu Government, and Yuxian County was under the jurisdiction of Jizhou.

The late Eastern Han Dynasty belonged to Yuan Shao's sphere of influence. In 204, Cao Cao defeated Yuan Shao, captured Ye and rebuilt Yecheng, making Yecheng the actual political, economic and cultural center of the Eastern Han Dynasty. In the 18th year of Jian 'an (2 13), Cao Cao was the king of Wei, and the capital of Wei was here. In 220, Cao Pi moved the capital to Luoyang on behalf of Han Dynasty, and Ye remained the capital, becoming one of the "five capitals". At this time, the area under the jurisdiction of Anyang City is still under the jurisdiction of wei county (Yuzhi) and Hanoi County.

In the Western Jin Dynasty, it belonged to Wei County of Sizhou (unified 8 counties, and Lv Lin County (now Linzhou City) belonged to Jixian County of Sizhou). During the Sixteen Kingdoms period, it was still under the jurisdiction of Wei County. At the same time, Ye successively became the capital of the post-Zhao, Zhao, and Zhao.

During the Northern and Southern Dynasties, Emperor Daowu of the Northern Wei Dynasty reigned Ye Li for four years. At this time, Yecheng has become the third-level jurisdiction of Xiangzhou, Wei Jun and Yexian. In the early years of the Eastern Wei Dynasty, Ye became the capital of the Eastern Wei Dynasty, and Anyang County and Dangyin County merged into Ye County. In July of the eighth year of Wuding (550), Gao Yang (the second son of Gao Huan) usurped Wei, changed his title to "Qi" and remained in power. The rule of the Northern Qi Dynasty was extremely cruel and was destroyed by the Northern Zhou Dynasty in 577. In the second year of Elephant in the Northern Zhou Dynasty (AD 580), Emperor Wendi of Sui Dynasty took Qi Huangong as prime minister and suppressed Wei Chijiong, the general manager of Xiangzhou (now Anyang) who was dissatisfied with him. In order to prevent the resurgence of anti-Yang forces in Hebei, he ordered the burning of Yecheng, and Xiangzhou, Wei Jun, Yexian and all the residents moved south to Anyang. Since then, Anyang City has replaced Yecheng as the political, economic and cultural center of this region and become the new Yecheng. The land of the old Yexian County was included in Anyang County, and Anyang County was renamed Yexian County. Lingzhi County originally belonged to Ye County. In the third year (583), Emperor Huang Kai of the Sui Dynasty abolished all counties in the world and implemented a two-level system of states and counties. The ancient city of Anyang was once ruled by Xiangzhou and Yexian. In the 10th year of the Emperor's reign (590), Yexian County was moved back to its original place and re-established in Anyang County. In the first year of the Great Cause of Sui Dynasty (605), the county system was abolished, and the county-level system was implemented. The state was abolished, and wei county and Gongan Yang were saved, unified 1 1 county. The wagangjun uprising led by hua county Zhai Rang and Shi Mi at the end of Sui Dynasty was an important part of the peasant uprising at the end of Sui Dynasty.

In the first year of Wude in Tang Gaozu (6 18), Weixian county was changed to Xiangzhou, which governed 8 counties. In the first year of Emperor Taizong's Zhenguan (627), the world was divided into ten roads, and Xiangzhou belonged to Hebei Road. From the first year of Tianbao in Tang Dynasty (742) to the first year of Tianbao in Tang Dynasty (758), Xiangzhou was renamed as "Ye County". Anyang City was another big battlefield during the An Shi Rebellion. Years of war have caused serious damage to agricultural production and brought great disasters to the people. In the first year of Baoying (762), Emperor Yong of the Tang Dynasty set out to crusade against Shi Chaoyi, the son of Shi Siming stationed in Xiangzhou. Shi Chaoyi gave Xue Song (the grandson of Xue) to Li Baoyu, the envoy of the Tang Dynasty. In the Tang Dynasty, Zhao Yijun was established in six states, including Xiangzhou, and Xue Song was appointed as our envoy of Zhao Yijun to govern Xiangzhou. At the end of the Tang Dynasty, Xiangzhou was under the jurisdiction of Weber. At the beginning of Yuan Dynasty, at the end of Anshi Rebellion, Wei Bojun was appointed as the prefect of Weizhou and Bozhou, and Tian was appointed as Wei Bojun.

In the early Song Dynasty, Xiangzhou belonged to Hebei West Road, and held German festivals.

In the third year of Ming Chang in Jin Zhangzong (1 192), Xiangzhou was promoted to Zhang Defu, leading five counties (four counties in one word).

From the Yuan Dynasty to the early Yuan Dynasty, "Zhang Defu" was changed to "Zhang Delu", which was directly under Zhongshu Province.

During the Ming and Qing Dynasties, it belonged to Henan as a whole and became "Zhang Defu" again. Leading 6 counties 1 state (Cizhou). 19 12 At the beginning of the founding of the Republic of China, Anyang was still under the jurisdiction of Zhang De. 19 13, Zhangde was changed to Anyang County, belonging to Yubei Road, Henan Province (19 14 was changed to Hebei Road). 1927 The provincial administrative region was abolished, and Anyang County was directly under the jurisdiction of Henan Province.

On the eve of the founding of People's Republic of China (PRC),1May 6, 949, China People's Liberation Army liberated Anyang and established Anyang City; 1 year in August, Pingyuan province was established, and Anyang is a provincial city. 1952165438+1On October 30th, Pingyuan Province was abolished, and Anyang City was transferred to Henan Province, which is still a provincial city. 1983, the State Council decided to transfer Anyang County, Linxian County, Xunxian County, tangyin county County and Qixian County to Anyang City, and implemented the system of taking the city as the county. 1986 In February, the administrative divisions of Henan Province were adjusted, Qixian County and Xunxian County were placed in Hebi City, and Neihuang County and hua county under Puyang City were placed in Anyang City.