Brief introduction of red silk stone

As early as the Tang and Song Dynasties, HongLing Stone was known as the first inkstone. The original inkstone came from "Heishan Red Four Stone Cave" in Qingzhou, but it was mainly produced in Laoyacheng, Linqu after the raw materials were exhausted. Liu Tang Gongquan said in On Inks: Qingzhou is the first place to store inkstones, followed by Jiangzhou, and then talk about the end. There are many discussions in Song Dynasty. Su Yijian [Four Spectrum Studies] cloud: ... There are more than 40 kinds of inkstones in the world, including red silk stone; Qingzhou HongLing Stone is the first, Duanzhou Axe Mountain Stone is the second, Zhangzhou Weilong Stone is the third, and the rest are in the middle and lower level. When Tang Xun worked in Qingzhou, he personally led the masons, encouraged him to walk with generous funds, and won two places with four or five inches square. His Record of Inks says: ... HongLing stone is very beautiful. If it is chiseled, its sound will be crisp. If it is a stone, it is almost invisible. It is different from other stones in that it is urgent to carve inkstone and try it with ink; Other stones are only lubricated by their temperature, but they are soaked with water, while the nourishing liquid comes out from the inside and sticks like cream after a long time. Other graphite hair, but with its strong body, it is always moist and floating, and the ink color is as pure as paint, followed by; He used up the stone in an instant, and then dried it before he finished the ink. If you repeat this in a box, the ink will not dry for a few days, and after the night, the air will steam up and down, just like rain and dew. ..... The stone of self-satisfaction, finally put in the Yan without diplopia. Red silk stone is covered with skin, white or red, and the lines are like trees. Red and yellow are related, those who manage yellow are silk red, and those who manage red are silk yellow. If yellow and red are mixed together, no lines will be formed. The beautiful patterns are those that are condensed and connected, two or three inches square, and the silk weighs more than ten silk, or like mountains and rocks, or like birds and fish, with different colors and beautiful qualifications. ..... Who can become the HongLing stone under the inkstone * * * fifteen products, and one of the ten products of stone; Qingzhou Red Silk Stone 1, Duanzhou Axe Keshi 2, Zhangzhou Wuyuan Stone 3, Guizhou Datuo Stone 4, Zizhou Jinque Stone 5, Zizhou Lapis lazuli 6, Wanzhou Diaojinya Stone 7, Rong Lu Touchstone 8, Qingzhou Zishi 9, Jizhou Yongfu County Stone 10, Dengzhou Tuoji Island Stone1/kloc- Ouyang Xiu's Inkstone, Cai Xiang, Wang Bizhi, Mi Fei's History of Inkstone, Yunlin Stone Spectrum, Inkstone Spectrum and Gao's Notes on Inkstone are all recorded. Su Shi said in Dongpo Collection and Dongpo Zhi Lin; Red inkstone sent ink, representing the end of victory. Tang Yanyou took Qingzhou HongLing inkstone as his armor. Or clouds; "It's like making a dice basin, but it's not good to cover it." Today, when I look at what is hidden in Anxue, I know that our predecessors have not made false promises. HongLing stone's face; Linqu HongLing Stone was recorded in history as early as the Qing Dynasty. Gao, a native of Jiaozhou, Shandong Province, whose real name is Xiyuan,No. Nancun, a native of Nanfushan, and the old man's name is Guiyun. One of the Eight Eccentrics in Yangzhou, once served as Cheng of Shexian County. He loved inkstones all his life and collected more than 1000 inkstones. It's all written by myself. He is the author of History of Inkstone and Collection of Fu Nan. In the history of inkstone, there is a kind of red silk inkstone named "Furong Well" with inscriptions. "Lotus well, HongLing shadow, ancient halberd. Inscription by the old man in Fu Nan ". Inscription of official script on the back of inkstone; "Beauty is not beautiful, the water in the country, why do you care about it? Zhu Daoren Ming ". There are cursive inscriptions; "I am always in my hometown, empty, and I don't want to waste two grasses. Nancun also left home on the same day. " On the right side of the inkstone is a stone; "Qingzhou HongLing inkstone, from his hometown predecessors Mr Feng Qiuhai home. Fan Shi. " On the left side of the inkstone is an inscription by Mr. Feng Beihai; "Yu Gong's grotesque rocks come from Qingzhou and his hometown, but that's his embarrassment. It was the time when Zhao Yi civilization was in the East and Jimo was blocked. " "Beihai Wind Qi Ming is in Yeyuan Mountain Villa." [Attention; Feng Qi, a native of Linqu, Shandong Province, has a former residence. In the forty-third year of Qing Qianlong, Yu Minzhong wrote Xiqing Yanpu. HongLing inkstone has the inscription of Emperor Qianlong on three sides; First, HongLing parrot inkstone, imperial poetry; "Hung-chien doesn't envy using it as a musical instrument, and stones can also be used to express themselves strangely. It is suspected that after Mi Heng became Fu, his liver vomited. " Zhong Bo 'er said that "understanding is not far away" and that "morality worships happiness". The box cover is engraved with the inscription "Baoyi" and "Happy Hours". Kao Gao, such as Sun Yan's inscription, found a stone in Linqu County, HongLing. Its colors are red and yellow, and the best one is never easy to get, so it is rarely circulated. It's a red ribbon, brighter than usual, but as old as jade, and ten days is a good product. Second, HongLing Stone Style inkstone is a treasure; "It's too simple", inscribed on the box cover, Bao Er; "Bide" and "Langrun". Imperial inkstone; "Stone out of Linqu, HongLing cotton, style words. As long as it is firm and moist, the ink is exhausted. Although not as good as the old end, it is enough to prepare a product. " Three, HongLing Shisi straight inkstone, there is a royal poem. "HongLing parrot sang yesterday, and Xiao Fang was embarrassed. If you don't know where Mao's voice should be, you can give it to your heart. " Bao Zhong Eryue; "Bide" and "Langrun". Carved box cover, engraved treasure; "Understanding is not far away" and "moral fullness". ..... Although the inkstone is not an old stone, it should last for a long time, and the literary talent is flowing, and the real study room is also beautiful. Shen Xin and Sheng Baier in Qing Dynasty. It is also described.

Guangxu linqu county annals, volume 8; "Ping HongLing's spirit; Red-yellow stripes are produced on the old cliff, sometimes resembling mountains and rivers, vegetation, figures, Yunlong, birds and animals. The inkstone is slightly slippery, and the warmth does not reduce the end flow. "Yanpu" contains more than forty stones in the world, with Qingzhou HongLing stone as the first, and so on. " This evaluation is very pertinent.

In the twenty-fourth year of the Republic of China, Linqu continued to record volumes six and seven; Laoya Valley ... Ruby is produced in mountainous areas. A few years ago, Japanese businessmen bought it in Yeyuan, and residents flocked to collect it, holding wang pu for a good price. After a few months, there were more sellers, and the Japanese fortune was gone, and they never came again. "My friend has a box cover of an inkstone in HongLing in 25 years of the Republic of China, and the back of the inkstone is engraved with official script;" Pien Tze Huang's special product, Stone Red Silk, is enviable because of its luster and embellishment. Its shape is like a turtle, bright and beautiful as a mirror, and it is better than jade. "Remember, this stone was bought by a Japanese businessman. The appearance of this inkstone just confirms the record of the continuation of Linqu physical objects. Linqu; Located more than 20 miles south of Qingzhou, it is under the jurisdiction of the ancient Qingzhou government. Laoya is located in the southwest of Linqu, slightly east of Qingzhou Braque Mountain, but the linear distance from Qingzhou Braque Mountain is not more than 30 miles. Its terrain is high in the south, because its north faces the foothills of Mount Yi in the south of Bohai Sea. The height of HongLing Cave in the middle and upper part of Montenegro is similar to that of HongLing Cave in Linqu Laoya, and HongLing Miao is occasionally found between the two places, so the two places should belong to different pits under the same geological structure. Mining situation of Linqu HongLing; Linqu Old Cliff is located in the hilly area at the foot of Xishan Mountain to the west of yi river. Many ox-shaped bluestones are rarely found on the surface. Historically, due to drought and water shortage, the groundwater level is extremely deep, so it is also called; The old cow cries. Shikeng is located in the west of the village, extending to the west, and is mined in the southwest and several neighboring villages. It belongs to open-pit mining method, and the red silk is distributed in the bluestone interlayer several meters to tens of meters below the surface of red soil. Generally, the stone layers that can be used as inkstone materials are thin, mostly in 1-3 cm and 4-5 cm, which can be called thick materials. There are no timely impurities between large joints, and large and thick inkstones are very rare. Linqu HongLing can be divided into two parts. The bluestone interlayer generated at the depth of10m is intermittent. After several days of excavation, there are more than 10 pieces. The surface area of each pit varies from several square meters to more than ten square meters, and the output is extremely unstable. In addition, in recent years, the difficulty of mining depth, the scarcity of resources and the market have greatly affected the price increase. Second, the HongLing stone in Qingzhou; Montenegro is located in Wangjiagua Village, more than 40 miles west of Qingzhou. The mountain road is rugged and winds to the middle and upper part of the mountain. Along the way, the bluestone fracture layer is occasionally mixed with red silk seedlings. The cave entrance in HongLing is covered with mud and gravel, and it is narrow enough for a person's head to pass through. The cliff above the front of the original cave is engraved with "Dayuan to Zhenger Two Years", "Hongwu Year", "Hongzhi Year", "Daqing Ganlong Year" and "And". The upper part of the existing rock wall above the hole; HongLing Cave and Down; There are more than forty kinds of inkstones in the world, and Qingzhou HongLing inkstone is the first. Unfortunately, the original monuments will not appear again after modern times. It can be seen that over the years, good inkstones have been continuously excavated and collected, while Gu Yan's collection has been continuously circulated. Only in 1926, a dustpan-shaped red silk inkstone of the Tang Dynasty was unearthed in Qingzhou, which is now in the Shandong Provincial Museum. Therefore, although the exploration and exploitation of its inkstone materials in the past dynasties are definitely there, it can be seen that HongLing in Montenegro is abundant. In recent years, Qingzhou enthusiasts have tried to mine inkstone under the sun in Montenegro, which is quite difficult. There are few stones with good texture and color, few ginger spots, no spiral lines, yellow in red, warm in color, and many lines in time, but there are also dozens of centimeters thick, slightly lower in hardness and better in inking than Linqu stone. The above characteristics are quite similar to the visible objects and objects collected in the Qing Dynasty, but they are far from the texture and color described in Yan Pu in the Tang and Song Dynasties.

Hongsishi is mainly produced in Hongsishi Cave, which is located in Heishan Scenic Area of Qingzhou City. The hole is more than 80 meters deep and less than one meter high, so you can only climb into it. The original stone of the old pit has been exhausted, and the new pit is mostly located on the sunny hillside and under the stone eaves of Montenegro. It is said that there are doorways, but the bottom of the cave is blocked by mud all the year round. When Shang Ruo cleared the accumulated soil in the cave, he could see "Xanadu". What's more, the caves are bottomless, and it is also possible to excavate the remains of the ancients. Now it has been pursued by countless people.