What if I am bitten by a dog?

After being bitten by a dog, the wound should be treated strictly within two hours. For example, acupuncture the skin around the wound, squeezing bleeding as much as possible or cupping to detoxify. Then rinse with 20% soapy water or 0. 1% bromogeramine for half an hour, and then rinse with plenty of water. Then burn the wound repeatedly with soju or 5% iodine or 75% alcohol. If the wound is close to the head, anti-rabies immune serum should be used for infiltration injection in or around the wound, and rabies vaccine should be inoculated as soon as possible. If the injury is serious, anti-rabies immune serum should be injected at the same time, and tetanus antitoxin or toxoid should be given as needed.

If you can't get rabies vaccine immediately after being bitten by a dog, you should get rabies vaccine regularly if you are bitten within 10 days. If the bitten part is the head, face, neck or the person bitten by rabies, even after a long time, you should actively take rabies vaccine and inject anti-rabies immune serum or immunoglobulin at the same time. Children receive rabies vaccine at the same dose as adults. If rabies vaccine is injected for a long time after being bitten by a dog, it is probably impossible to prevent the onset of rabies, so rabies vaccine is generally not vaccinated for more than a few months after being bitten by a dog.

There is no scientific basis for saying that you can't get a haircut after being bitten by a dog 100 days.

If you are bitten by a dog, you should get rabies vaccine as soon as possible. I once saw a 6-year-old child bitten by a dog, and the wound was as big as the tip of a needle. He didn't pay attention at that time and later died of rabies.

Inject rabies vaccine as soon as possible. Rabies vaccine should be injected as soon as possible after being bitten by animals, and the sooner the better. The best time for the first vaccination is within 48 hours after being bitten. The specific injection time is: intramuscular injection of 1 vaccine (2ml) on days 0, 3, 7, 14 and 30 respectively, and "0" refers to the day when the first vaccine is injected (and so on). If the vaccine cannot be injected in time due to various factors, the rabies vaccine should be used according to the principle of "early injection is better than late injection, and late injection is better than no injection".

Animals bitten by suspected rabies virus should also be vaccinated. Animals will infect each other with rabies virus because of fighting and biting each other, so people will also be infected with rabies after being bitten.

Therefore, for the sake of safety, anyone bitten by a dog or other animal should be regarded as a rabies bite and vaccinated in time.

Matters needing attention

During vaccination, you should be careful not to drink alcohol, strong tea or coffee; Don't eat irritating food, such as pepper, onion, garlic, etc. At the same time, we should avoid catching cold, strenuous exercise or excessive fatigue to prevent colds.

Special reminder

Dog owners should be reminded that canine distemper, rabies, canine parvovirus enteritis, infectious hepatitis and leptospirosis are common infectious diseases in dogs, among which rabies is a zoonotic disease with high mortality. At present, there is no reliable treatment for these diseases, and the most effective method is to vaccinate dogs in time and effectively. Dog owners must not be careless and must not be lucky. Generally speaking, puppies should be vaccinated once during 6~9 weeks, and multiple single vaccines can be injected at the same time; Inoculate again at the age of 12~ 14 weeks, and then inoculate once a year.

Once bitten by a dog or cat, you must do a good job of on-site rescue. All people bitten by cats and dogs, whether mad dogs, sick cats or normal cats and dogs (according to literature reports, a considerable number of normal cats and dogs have rabies virus in their saliva), should not rush to the hospital for medical treatment, but immediately, partially and thoroughly clean the wounds. In case you can't find water, you can even wash it with human urine instead of clean water and try to find water.

First, rinse the wound quickly. Every second counts, and the contaminated rabies virus on the wound is washed away at the fastest speed. After a long time, the virus will enter human tissues and invade the central nervous system along the nerves, causing death. The second is to be thorough. Because the wounds bitten by cats and dogs are often small in the outside and deep in the inside, it is required to enlarge the wounds as much as possible to fully expose them, and squeeze the soft tissues around the wounds hard, with a large amount of washing water and a rapid flow of water. It's best to wash them with water from the tap. Third, the wound cannot be bandaged. Except for a few big wounds that hurt blood vessels and need to stop bleeding, it is generally not necessary to take any medicine or dressing, because rabies virus is anaerobic, and rabies virus will grow in large numbers under the condition of hypoxia.

After repeatedly cleaning the wound, it should be sent to the hospital for further wound cleaning (remember that the wound in the hospital should be carefully cleaned), and then vaccinated to prevent rabies. It is especially important to point out here that after being bitten by a dog or cat, never leave the wound untreated. The mistake is that not only is the wound not cleaned, but it is more harmful to smear the wound with red syrup and gauze. Don't travel long distances to big hospitals for treatment. Instead, you should immediately wash the wound thoroughly and inject rabies vaccine within 24 hours.

How to deal with a dog bite?

In recent years, "pet fever" has increased the incidence of rabies in some areas. The main source of rabies infection is dogs, followed by cats. In addition, many wild animals can also spread rabies. Sometimes animals don't get sick, but because they carry rabies virus, these seemingly "healthy" animals can make people suffer from rabies if they bite, and even get rabies without being bitten by dogs. Its high mortality rate kills the vast majority of people suffering from this disease. For this reason, the reporter interviewed Zhang Xuechun, chief physician of immunization clinic of planned immunization institute of Beijing Center for Disease Control and Prevention.

rabies virus

Saliva has the highest content.

Rabies virus mainly exists in the saliva of animals, with the highest content, and its secretion also contains a small amount of virus. If people make out with them or get bitten by them, they will get infected with the virus. However, being infected with the virus doesn't necessarily mean that you will get sick. If you are infected with a small amount of virus, your toxicity is not strong, and your body's immunity is strong, you may not get sick and become a recessive infection.

rabies

The incidence rate is particularly low

Rabies virus is highly toxic. Once it enters the human body, it mainly attacks the brain and nerve tissues, and spreads along the direction of human nerves, so the target of the attack almost spreads to all nerve tissues including cerebellum, spine, kidneys and internal organs. , leading to central nervous system failure, so it is almost impossible to be rescued, and the mortality rate is quite high. However, the incidence of rabies is particularly low, and once it happens, it is almost 100% death.

But it is not only animals with rabies that carry the virus. It seems that healthy dogs and cats may also carry rabies virus.

rabies vaccines

Not once and for all.

Rabies is not transmitted from person to person. Dr. Zhang said that at present, the epidemic prevention department mainly focuses on prevention. If we take care of rabies patients and come into contact with their saliva, we also suggest that they be vaccinated against rabies.

Vaccination against rabies after being scratched or bitten by cats and dogs is mainly aimed at this kind of bite, and it is not a preventive measure once and for all. Because there is a wound on the body, it is only a therapeutic vaccination. After vaccination, antibodies will be produced in the body, which is just a precaution before this wound.

People who have not been bitten by cats or dogs themselves can also be vaccinated against rabies. They can go to the health and epidemic prevention station for vaccination according to certain procedures. The time and times of inoculation are different. The purpose of early injection is to play a preventive role before biting. If you are bitten in the future, you don't need to take so many vaccines. A small amount of vaccines will produce antibodies quickly, thus reducing the incidence of patients and reducing the number of vaccinations in the future. The protection and epidemic prevention function of the vaccine can generally reach more than 98%, and the effect is still very good. But the premise is that the vaccine must be qualified and meet the requirements of the World Health Organization. Because everyone's situation is different, there are certain individual differences, which is why the protection probability is not 100%.

With soapy water

Clean the wound in time.

Dr. Zhang pointed out that after being bitten by a dog, the wound should be carefully treated. First, dirty blood should be squeezed out, and blood should not be left in the wound, otherwise it will easily cause infection. If the wound is small, you can wash it with soapy water first, then rinse it with clear water, and finally apply some iodine. If the wound is large or difficult to handle, it is best to go to the hospital for treatment. The vaccine is injected at the epidemic prevention station, and the doctor will make some necessary treatment according to the condition of the wound and the bitten animal.