What is the specific explanation of logical reasoning syllogism? It is difficult to test

The most basic inference rule in logic is syllogism.

What is a syllogism? A syllogism is three sentences, and two premises lead to a conclusion.

Tell a story first.

Once upon a time, there was a philosopher named Socrates. One day, a man said to him, "Master, I admire you very much and want to ask you some questions. Can you answer me right or wrong? "

Socrates: "Yes."

The man said, "Everyone will die, right?"

Socrates: "Yes."

The man said, "Master, are you human?"

Socrates: "Yes."

The man said, "So, master, you will die, won't you?"

Socrates: "...% # ...% #% ..."

This is syllogism, hehe.

Haha, back to the topic, give several formulas of syllogism (interested people can try to change the above story by themselves and see which one conforms to 1234! )

For example:

1. All A's are B's and all B's are C's, so all A's are C's.

(If both premises are affirmative sentences, the conclusion must be affirmative sentences. )

Some A's are B's and all B's are C's, so some A's are C's.

3. Some A's are B's and all B's are not C's, so some A's are not C's.

(two premises, one is yes and the other is no, and the conclusion must be negative)

4. Some A's are not B's and all C's are B's, so some A's are not C's.

The most important point of syllogism reasoning transmission is that the premise of transmitting reasoning is the beginning of all. It should be noted that at least one of the two premises is "all", otherwise the reasoning cannot be transmitted.

For example, some A's are B's and some B's are C's. We can't infer anything under such conditions!