Did ancient people have calendars, too? How do they calculate the date?

Twelve o'clock in ancient times

Midnight, also known as midnight and midnight: the first hour of twelve o'clock. (23: 00 to 0 1 hour Beijing time).

The ugly cock crows, also known as the pheasant: the second hour of twelve o'clock. (0 1: 00 to 03: 00 Beijing time).

Yin Shiping Dan, also known as Dawn, Dawn and Tiandan, etc. The current position time is alternating day and night. (03: 00 to 05: 00 Beijing time). Sunrise in Shi Mao, also known as the beginning of the day, dawn and rising sun, refers to the time when the sun just appeared and Ran Ran first rose. (05: 00 to 07: 00 Beijing time).

Eating in the morning is also called breakfast. When the ancients ate in the morning, it was breakfast time (07: 00 to 09: 00 Beijing time).

Forty holes are also known as Yu Ri. Near noon, it is called the corner. (09: 00 to 1 1: 00 Beijing time).

Noon, also known as sunrise, noon, etc. : (Beijing time 1 1: 00 to 13: 00).

Not long ago, it was also called sunset, sun center and so on. : The sun sets in the west. (From Beijing time 13 to Beijing time 15).

When applying for timely feeding, it is also called day shop, late eating and so on. (From Beijing time 15 to 17).

As time goes by, it is also called sunset, sunset and evening: it means when the sun goes down. (Beijing time is from 17 to 19).

Dusk, also known as sunset, sunset glow, dusk, etc. At this time, the sun has set and the sky will be dark. The world is dark and everything is hazy, so it is called dusk. (From Beijing time 19 to Beijing time 2 1).

At this time, the night is deep and people have stopped taking a rest. Calm means quiet. (Beijing time 2 1 hour to 23: 00).

More often, it is the unit that ancient people used to time at night. One night is divided into five classes, each class is equal to about one hour. When day and night alternate, the earth rotates once for a day and night, which is called "solar day", and the formation of day and night comes from this. Sunny place is during the day, sunny place is at night. After the vernal equinox, there is more and more sunshine in the northern hemisphere, so the nights in the northern hemisphere are short and the days are long, but the opposite is true in the southern hemisphere; After the autumnal equinox, there is more and more sunshine in the southern hemisphere, so the days in the northern hemisphere are short and the nights are long, but the opposite is true in the southern hemisphere. China's method of dividing day and night traditionally counts day and night in twelve hours, which are represented by twelve branches: Zi, Ugly, Yin, Mao, Chen, Si, Wu, Shen, You, Xu and Hai. Each hour is divided into eight quarters, the upper part is divided into four quarters, and the lower part is divided into four quarters. In this way, each hour is equivalent to two modern hours, such as 9: 00 to 1 1. At that time, the shadow of the sun was measured during the day, and the time was measured by dripping water from a leaky kettle (a timing tool) at night. But this is not the earliest time measurement method. Before that, the situation reflected by common names is shown in the following table. The common name in the table refers to a popular name of twelve o'clock in ancient times. The common name is that ancient people in China used some natural and biological characteristics to time. "Cock crow" and "people decide" rely on the characteristics of rooster crowing in the middle of the night and people sleeping at night. "Meal time" and "Meal time" refer to meal time. The ancients had two meals a day, and breakfast was after sunrise and before the corner, so this time was called "food time"; Dinner is after sundial (west of the sun) and before sunset, so this time is called "time". The other eight times were named after the position of the sun as the main feature. Due to different seasons, the specific time difference was as long as two hours, so it was later replaced by twelve o'clock. In addition, in ancient China, there was also a method of timing over-reporting (also called over-beating). Divide the evening into five classes: 7: 00 pm to 9: 00 pm, 9: 00 pm to 1 1 in the evening, 1 to 1 in the morning,1to 3: 00 am, and 3: 00 am. In European and American countries, a day and night is divided into 24 hours, each hour is divided into four quarters, it can be divided into 60 minutes, and each minute is 60 seconds. Because the timer, the clock, only has 12 hours, which is only half of the day and night, it can be distinguished by morning and afternoon, with 1 2 at night, 12 at night and12 at noon. There are two different algorithms for the start and end time of day and night. In Europe and America, 24 hours are counted from 0: 00, that is, from 12: 00 in the evening. The day before 12 pm, and the day after 12 pm.