Historical and cultural materials of the Yellow River

Historical and cultural materials of the Yellow River:

The gestation, birth and development of the Yellow River are controlled by geological processes in geological history. The tectonic movements caused by crustal changes are external forces, and the erosion, transportation and accumulation generated by itself under hydrogeological conditions are internal forces. In the historical process of becoming a river, it keeps moving forward and keeps pace with the times. Soil erosion in the Loess Plateau and sediment deposition in the lower reaches of the Yellow River began in prehistoric geological times, and have been increasingly influenced by human activities since then. According to various studies, the ancient Yellow River has three stages of development: the early Pleistocene from Tertiary to Quaternary is the gestation period of the ancient Yellow River. The middle Pleistocene in Quaternary (1 1.5 million years ago) was the birth period of the ancient Yellow River. In the late Pleistocene (654.38+ 10,000 years ago ~ 654.38+ 10,000 years ago), the Yellow River formed a marine water system.

In the historical period, the Yellow River has also evolved in the upper and middle reaches of the plain, and some of them have changed greatly. For example, the Hetao reach in Inner Mongolia, below Dengkou before 1850, is mainly divided into two tributaries, the northern branch is the mainstream, the Wu Jia at the foot of Yinshan Mountain, and the southern branch is the present Yellow River. 1850, the downstream of Wu Jia, north of Xishanzui, was blocked and cut off for about 15 km, and the south branch became the mainstream, while the north branch became the backwater channel of Houtao Irrigation Area. The river from Longmen to Tongguan also fluctuates greatly. However, the evolution of these reaches has little influence on the development of the whole Yellow River. The changes of the Yellow River mainly occur in the lower reaches.

Historically, the rivers in the lower reaches of the Yellow River changed from Haihe River in the north to Jianghuai River in the south. According to historical documents, the lower Yellow River burst 1500 times and changed its course more than 20 times.