Cold-resistant only Dongli Chrysanthemum Double Ninth Festival Flower Appreciation Poetry?

In August, osmanthus blossoms everywhere, and in September, chrysanthemum blossoms everywhere. Different from spring, autumn is a season of blooming flowers and blooming flowers, but the fragrant and elegant osmanthus and aloof and noble chrysanthemums are enough for the ancients to trust the hermit feelings who can see through the ups and downs of the world, the honor and disgrace of good and evil, and the independence of Ling Han. Then let the old almanac tidy it up for you. Those poems about chrysanthemum appreciation left by the ancients in the golden autumn Chongyang.

The ancestor who liked chrysanthemums was Tao Yuanming of the Eastern Jin Dynasty, but it has been ignored by China people since ancient times. In Tao Yuanming's poems, chrysanthemums appear many times, and the most famous one is Five Drinks. He wrote: "Building a house is in a human environment, but there are no cars and horses. What can you do? The heart is far from being self-centered. Picking chrysanthemums under the east fence, you can see Nanshan leisurely. The mountains are getting better and better, and the birds are back. There is a real meaning in this, and I have forgotten what I want to say. "

"Picking chrysanthemums under the east fence, leisurely see Nanshan". Chrysanthemum is the standard for hermits; Hermit needs a small yard, a fence and a rhubarb dog. However, the chrysanthemums watched and picked by Tao Yuanming, a hermit in the Eastern Jin Dynasty, are not the colorful chrysanthemums we saw in the park today.

According to the research of botanists and horticulturists, chrysanthemum is the original species in China. People in China have a long history of knowing and appreciating chrysanthemums, but the artificial cultivation and breeding of chrysanthemums may have just begun in the Eastern Jin Dynasty. Well, according to Tao Yuanming's personality, he may not like the "enchanting" products of later generations.

Because Tao Yuanming wrote chrysanthemums, many words such as "Ling Tao" and "Chrysanthemum" appeared in Tang and Song poems, which may also be a tribute to the great predecessors. In order to prove the great influence of Tao Yuanming, let's look at how "Bai Yuan" in the Tang Dynasty-that is, Yuan Zhen and Bai Juyi-wrote chrysanthemums:

Yuan Zhen wrote in "Chrysanthemum": "Autumn bushes are like Taoist priests, and the more they surround, the more inclined they become. It's not that chrysanthemums are favored among flowers, but that this flower is even more flowerless. " Bai Juyi said in Ode to Chrysanthemum: "A new frost hits the tile overnight, and the banana is defeated. Cold tolerance is just a hedge chrysanthemum, and the golden millet is clearer at first dawn. "

These two poems by Bai Yuan endow Chrysanthemum with a personified image. "It's not that chrysanthemums are favored among flowers. This kind of flower is more barren." Take the time to publicize Chrysanthemum and yourself, like the Ao Shuang spirit of Chrysanthemum, learn from Chrysanthemum and get close to Chrysanthemum.

In Bai Juyi's eyes, in September of the lunar calendar, the banana is broken and the lotus leaf is withered. "Only the East Hedgehog Chrysanthemum is cold-resistant." Chrysanthemum in the cold wind in late autumn has a luxurious corolla, bright colors, bitter and cold fragrance, always so tall and straight, with a little aloof. And this may also be the poet's ambition.

As mentioned above, people in China planted chrysanthemums from the Eastern Jin Dynasty to the Tang Dynasty. After hundreds of years, many new artificial varieties have finally appeared. In the Tang Dynasty, Li Shangyin wrote in "Chrysanthemum": "Secretly faint purple, melt and smelt yellow. They have the color of hedges written by Tao Yuanming and the fragrance of Lohan House. Chrysanthemums are not afraid of wet dew, but they are afraid of sunset. May the golden parrot be promoted to Bai Yutang. "

The phrase "dark purple, melting yellow" shows that in the late Tang Dynasty when Li Shangyin lived, the colors of chrysanthemums were already varied, and "melting yellow" was its true color; "Secretly faint purple", this should be a rare purple chrysanthemum, which is slightly different from dark purple and lavender. Not only purple chrysanthemums, but also white chrysanthemums, green chrysanthemums, red chrysanthemums and even black chrysanthemums were cultivated in the Tang and Song Dynasties.

In essence, these chrysanthemums, like goldfish, are not natural products, but highly cultivated varieties. If they are released into nature, they will either not survive or degenerate back after several generations. At that time, people had not mastered modern genetics, and they could make great efforts to cultivate purely ornamental animals and plants from generation to generation, perhaps because of the energy of "wasting time on beautiful things"

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