Traditional Culture Encyclopedia - Almanac inquiry - Why is the Ming Dynasty called the Ming Dynasty? What's the point?
Why is the Ming Dynasty called the Ming Dynasty? What's the point?
Let's start with the first question. What is Ming in Wang Xiaoming? As we all know, there was great chaos in the last years of the Yuan Dynasty, and class contradictions and ethnic contradictions were very sharp. Finally, there are rebellions in Liu Futong, Korea and Han Liner. Han Liner, known as the eighth grandson of Song Huizong, said that he came out to rule the world again. But what do they use to call on the people? Their propaganda is "Maitreya was born, Wang Ming was born". After the Ming king comes out, the world will be peaceful and the people will live a better life. This "Ming" is the Ming of Ming Wang. The common people hope to live a good life in hot water. Therefore, publicizing the birth of the Ming King is actually a call for people's uprising. So, where did this Ming king come from? This Ming king comes from Zoroastrianism. Zoroastrianism, also known as Manichaeism, was founded by a man named Mani in the 3rd century. When did this Manichaeism spread to China? That was during the period of Wu Zetian in the Tang Dynasty. At that time, in order to win over Uighurs in the Tang Dynasty, Uighurs were ethnic minorities, and they believed in Zoroastrianism. In order to win over the Uighurs, they improved the status of Manichaeism, which is equivalent to recognizing the legal status of Manichaeism. However, after the Uighur was eliminated in the Tang Dynasty, this Manichaeism was no longer taken seriously. Because many people who suffered often opposed the imperial court under the banner of religion and the slogan of "Maitreya was born, Wang Ming was born", it was driven underground and could not act normally. During the Song Dynasty, Manichaeism was once recognized. However, due to the nature of this religious rebellion, the court still refused to allow it to exist normally and was forced to go underground again. By the Yuan Dynasty, as we all know, it had left traditional Confucian orthodoxy in China, so it was more open to religion. Manichaeism once became a religion that could spread freely. But later, this Manichaeism was also used to resist the imperial court and was once again driven underground. This kind of Zoroastrianism or Manichaeism has been driven underground. In order to protect themselves, they are desperately linked with Buddhism and with the pure land Sect of Buddhism, Bailian. That is, in the Yuan Dynasty, many people used the White Lotus Sect to gather people. In fact, they believe in a mixed religion of Manichaeism and Bailian. What are they promoting? The propaganda is "Maitreya was born, Wang Ming was born". We discussed it twice before. At that time, Liu Futong said that "ten people fight with one eye against the Yellow River to rule the world" and "Maitreya Buddha was born, Wang Mingsheng was born", calling on the people to rise up against the imperial court and strive for a happy life. At this time, they carried out their slogan, that is, playing the banner of Wang Ming. Therefore, this "Ming" in Wang Xiaoming means that Manichaeism is the "Ming" of Zoroastrianism. Second question, why do we say that the Red Scarf Army should give priority to Wang Xiaoming? Now let's look at Wang Xiaoming's slogan. At that time, the slogan was "There is China in the mountains and rivers, and the Sun and Moon will reopen the Great Song Dynasty". What do these slogans mean? "Mountains and rivers have the land of China" is the rule of the Yuan Dynasty dominated by Mongolian nobles. It divides people into several classes and practices national oppression. They play "Mountains and rivers have China land", which means to drive away the Mongolian aristocrats and rule them again by the Central Plains people. "The sun and the moon will reopen Dasong", and they can only be more appealing if they say that they are the heirs of Dasong. The word "day" and "month" implies a word "Ming", that is, calling on people with Zoroastrianism. Call on the people to achieve two purposes: first, resist class oppression, restore the rule with the Han nationality as the main body, and no longer be oppressed by ethnic groups. The second one wants to live a good life and welcomes the birth of Wang Ming. Therefore, for a long time, in order to make his team more authoritative and appealing, Zhu Yuanzhang also gave priority to Wang Xiaoming. For a long time, he called himself DaSong with the title of Wang Xiaoming. Therefore, his title is based on the title of Dragon and Phoenix in the Song Dynasty, and his country was ruled by the Song Dynasty and Wang Xiaoming. Since Zhu Yuanzhang accepted the title of Wang Xiaoming, he worked as a deputy marshal under Wang Xiaoming, a Wu Guogong under Wang Xiaoming, and was later named the King of Wu. Therefore, it has an indissoluble bond with Wang Xiaoming's "Ming". Then everyone will ask a question, since Zhu Yuanzhang has become the emperor, why not ask for another title and the word Wang Xiaoming? I think there are two reasons for this: the first is that many people who took part in the uprising, many people who resisted the rule of the Yuan Dynasty still believe that the Ming king was born. They joined the ranks of the rebel army, hoping that the Ming king could be born. In order to satisfy the wishes of this group of people, we can't throw away this slogan. If you throw away this slogan, you will lose the hearts of these people. Who is Ming Wang? Zhu Yuanzhang himself is the Ming king, and he is Daming. Who wants to be the king of Ming Dynasty? There is no place, he has occupied the position. However, after all, Zhu Yuanzhang's team has been transformed from Confucian intellectuals, and they and the original group gathered together by burning incense through the White Lotus Sect. The uprising team went further and further. Therefore, Zhu Yuanzhang later said this in his campaign against Zhang Shicheng: He said that because the rule of the Yuan Dynasty was very dark, everyone expected to change their living conditions, so they fell into witchcraft by mistake. The witchcraft he refers to is white lotus religion, which is Zoroastrianism. Stupid people are misled by witchcraft, confused by the false birth of the proposal, and mistakenly think that Maitreya really exists. They don't understand this statement at all. This spell is nonsense. They especially believe that Maitreya will be born in the afterlife, and Wang Ming is real. Why? Miracle rules the world and Su Qi suffers. I hope he can govern the country and save his own pain, but what if these people get together? This happened. It is a "gathering to burn incense". According to Ru Ying, it spreads Heluo. As long as the evil words are good, the evil plan will be obvious. Burning battlements, killing scholars, poisoning life, and endless reasons. " That is to say, although Zhu Yuanzhang used the titles and titles of Zoroastrianism and Wang Xiaoming to revolt, after the uprising was successful, he came back to criticize Bailian and Zoroastrianism, saying that they were "unprovoked". Therefore, it can also be seen that from the ideological point of view, Zhu Yuanzhang has divorced from Zoroastrianism and from the primitive white lotus religion that most of the insurgents who participated in the peasant uprising believed in. He has been reformed by Confucian intellectuals. In that case, why is this statement still accepted? There are many intellectuals belonging to Zhu Yuanzhang, including Zhu Sheng, Tao An, Liu Ji and Li Shanchang mentioned last time. They all believe what Confucianism says, and they accept Daming. In fact, they have explained the word "Ming" in another way. It is said that in ancient China, there were sacrifices to Daming, the sky, the sun, the earth and the moon, which were related to the ancient sacrificial ceremonies in China and the ancient Five Elements Theory in China. They also put forward a saying that Mongolia started in the north, Xuanming was a water virtue, and Zhu Yuanzhang started in the south, which was a fire virtue. It is also said that after saying the word "Zhu", the surname is Zhu Rong. Who is Zhu Rong? It was the ancestors who mastered fire, called fire and called the fire officer. He brings light to people. Zhu Yuanzhang inherited this kind of fire virtue, which began in the south and will surely defeat the water virtue in the north, so this is connected with fire. Why were there many legends when Zhu Yuanzhang was born, all related to fire? It is said that the temple where he lives is considered red by others. Is it on fire? Many people say it is not. When I was born, I saw their house on fire, but I still didn't. This fire actually shows that he is a fire virtue, and he will be associated with the word "Daming" in the future. Used to be a royal official. In order to make their rule more legal, they used these Shinto doctrines to fool the people, strengthen their authority and publicize the sacred rights of imperial power. So he made a lot of preparations in advance, and finally said that Zhu Yuanzhang deserved to win the world. Confucian intellectuals believe that Zhu Yuanzhang took Daming as the national title, and he got help from heaven and heaven by governing the country with fire virtue. This is a matter of course, and he wants to rule the whole country. Therefore, although Zhu Yuanzhang gave up the theory of Maitreya's birth and the theory of Wang Ming's birth put forward by Bai Lianjiao, he still kept the name of Daming. One more thing, last time we left a small problem, that is, no matter who is the king, it is said to be the king, the king. Why is Wang Xiaoming a small print? Who set the year number? From ancient times to now, it is a two-word year number, but there is no one-word year number. Why did Zhu Yuanzhang have a title when he was the king of Wu before the founding of the Ming Dynasty, called the first year of Wu? One word, what does it mean? According to the current analysis, Zhu Yuanzhang called it "Daming", but Wang Xiaoming can never be called "Daming". He must make this "Wang Ming" a Wang Xiaoming, and show that he is taller than him, so everything should be publicized on such materials as Wang Xiaoming. Therefore, Han Liner can only be Wang Xiaoming, not King Daming. Although he used his word "Ming", he made him very small, and only Zhu Yuanzhang himself was very big. The name of the country is enlarged and originated in the Yuan Dynasty, but it didn't exist before, like Dasong, which was later called Dasong. The Yuan Dynasty was called Dayuan. How did the name of this Yuan Dynasty come from? This is a sentence in the Book of Changes, which is called "Great Gan Yuan" and Dayuan. The Ming Dynasty inherited the Yuan Dynasty, also known as "Daming". Besides, in the first year of Wu, why did people use a two-word title, but when they arrived at the king of Wu, they gave them a one-word title? In fact, when Mitchell was compiling history, he accidentally leaked the clue. Why do you say that? Because he used the year of Dragon and Phoenix, which was 1367, that is, the twenty-seventh year of Zheng Zheng. Zhu Yuanzhang sent Liao Yongzhong to meet Wang Xiaoming the next day. When Liao Yongzhong went to Guazhou, the ship sank. This Wang Xiaoming is gone, and this Dragon and Phoenix Year can't be used. However, this year is not the first year, that is to say, this year is not the year to establish new year figures. So when describing this period of history, can we still use the Year of Dragon and Phoenix? If no other year is available, use "Wu", which is the first year of Wu, so there is a first year of Wu in history. Wu Canyuan just let us know that this is the year before the founding of Zhu Yuanzhang, and he was also the title of Dragon and Phoenix in Wang Xiaoming. But when Mitchell writes, he can't write like this. The three questions we talked about earlier talked about Zhu Yuanzhang's Ming. How did this "Ming" come from Manichaeism or Zoroastrianism? Finally, it is generally accepted.
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