What is machinery and what are its characteristics?

(1) they are all combinations of human objects;

(2) There is definite relative motion between their parts, that is, when the position of one part is determined, the positions of other parts are also determined accordingly;

(3) In the production process, they can replace human labor to complete useful mechanical work (such as planing a workpiece on a planer) or convert mechanical energy (such as a generator converting mechanical energy into electrical energy and an internal combustion engine converting thermal energy into mechanical energy).

Anyone with the above three characteristics is called a machine.

A machine is a device assembled by various metal and nonmetal parts, which consumes energy and can run and do work. It is used to replace human labor, transform energy and produce useful work. Machines run through the whole process of human history. But the real "machine" in modern times was gradually invented after the western industrial revolution.

A machine in which parts and components have definite relative motion and are used to convert or utilize mechanical energy. Machines are generally composed of parts and components as a whole, or several independent machines form a consortium. Mechanical equipment mechanically connected by two or more machines is called a unit.

Extended data:

There are many kinds of machinery, which can be divided into different categories according to several different aspects, such as:

According to the function, it can be divided into power machinery, material handling machinery and crushing machinery. According to the service industry, it can be divided into agricultural machinery, mining machinery, textile machinery, packaging machinery and so on. According to working principle, it can be divided into thermal machinery, fluid machinery and bionic machinery.

The main products of China machinery industry include the following 12 categories:

1 Agricultural machinery: tractors, seeders, harvesting machinery, etc.

2. Heavy mining machinery: metallurgical machinery, mining machinery, lifting machinery, loading and unloading machinery, industrial and mining vehicles, cement equipment, etc.

3. Construction machinery: forklifts, scrapers, compactors, concrete machines, etc.

General petrochemical machinery: oil drilling and production machinery, oil refining machinery, chemical machinery, pumps, fans, valves, gas compressors, refrigeration and air conditioning machinery, paper-making machinery, printing machinery, plastic processing machinery, pharmaceutical machinery, etc.

Electrical machinery: power generation machinery, transformers, high and low voltage switches, wires and cables, storage batteries, electric welding machines, household appliances, etc.

Machine tools: metal cutting machine tools, forging machinery, casting machinery, woodworking machinery, etc. ;

Cars: trucks, road buses, cars, modified cars, motorcycles, etc.

Instruments and meters: automation instruments, electrical instruments and meters, optical instruments, composition analyzers, automobile instruments and meters, electrical materials and equipment, audio-visual equipment, cameras, etc.

Basic machinery: bearings, hydraulic parts, seals, powder metallurgy products, standard fasteners, industrial chain, gears, molds, etc.

10 packaging machinery: packaging machines, cartoning machines, conveyors, etc.

1 1 Environmental protection machinery: water pollution prevention equipment, air pollution prevention equipment, solid waste treatment equipment, etc.

12 mining machinery: rock splitting machine, rock jacking machine, etc.

Mechanical engineering is an applied subject that studies and solves theoretical and practical problems in the development, design, manufacture, installation, operation and repair of various machinery based on relevant natural and technical sciences and combined with technical experience accumulated in production practice.

The development of various engineering fields needs the corresponding development of mechanical engineering and the necessary machinery provided by mechanical engineering. The invention and perfection of some machinery will lead to the emergence and development of new engineering technology and new industry.

For example, the successful manufacture of large-scale power machinery has contributed to the establishment of power systems; The invention of locomotive led to the rise of railway engineering and railway cause; The invention and progress of internal combustion engine, gas turbine and rocket engine, as well as the successful development of aircraft and spacecraft, have led to the rise of aviation and aerospace; The development of high-pressure equipment has led to the success of many new synthetic chemistry projects and so on.

References:

Baidu encyclopedia-machine