Chemical mechanism of traditional Chinese medicine processing

Chemical mechanism of processing traditional Chinese medicine 1

Processing of traditional Chinese medicine is a traditional pharmaceutical technology in China.

After processing, the chemical mechanism of Chinese herbal medicine will change, so that Chinese herbal medicine has therapeutic effect.

In this paper, the chemical reactions and composition changes in the processing of traditional Chinese medicine are preliminarily expounded. The main chemical reactions include hydrolysis, oxidation, displacement, isomerization and decomposition.

Then, the discovery direction and prospect of traditional Chinese medicine processing in the future are discussed.

Keywords processing of traditional Chinese medicine; Chemical reaction; chemical mechanism

Processing is an essential work before the use of traditional Chinese medicine.

Processing of traditional Chinese medicine is a traditional pharmaceutical technology. After the processing of Chinese herbal medicines, the chemical properties of Chinese herbal medicines have undergone complex changes, and these changes have also changed the medicinal value of Chinese herbal medicines.

Therefore, it is of great significance to study the chemical mechanism of traditional Chinese medicine processing and understand the changes of chemical mechanism during the processing of traditional Chinese medicine for mastering the therapeutic principle of traditional Chinese medicine and improving the therapeutic effect of traditional Chinese medicine.

1. Research method of chemical mechanism in the processing of traditional Chinese medicine

Generally speaking, traditional Chinese medicine can't be drunk directly, and it needs to be processed to achieve the effect of treating diseases.

This is because the chemical properties of medicinal materials have changed after processing, which makes some toxic substances useless and thus beneficial to treatment.

The research of macromolecules and micromolecules should be based on advanced instruments and modern technologies, such as GC-MS/MS, which are widely used at present, and can quantitatively and qualitatively analyze the components of traditional Chinese medicine before and after processing.

It is a systematic work to study the chemical mechanism of traditional Chinese medicine processing. In the actual processing process of traditional Chinese medicine, there are not only changes in chemical mechanism, but also physical changes. Therefore, in order to study the chemical mechanism of traditional Chinese medicine, it is necessary to analyze its physical composition and efficacy organically, so as to understand the chemical mechanism of traditional Chinese medicine processing more thoroughly.

2. Analysis of chemical mechanism in the processing of traditional Chinese medicine.

2. 1 hydrolysis reaction

Traditional Chinese medicine generally contains glycosides such as brass glycoside, iridoid glycoside and saponin, which have the characteristics of hydrolysis.

Glycosides will form new components after hydrolysis, which will change the therapeutic effect of traditional Chinese medicine.

In the processing of traditional Chinese medicine, different medicinal materials need different treatment methods, but the treatment procedures of different medicinal materials are the same, and they are all heated in an environment with water, whether it is steaming, boiling or moistening.

Therefore, the hydrolysis reaction can play the pharmacological role of traditional Chinese medicine, so as to achieve therapeutic effect.

The common hydrolysis reactions of traditional Chinese medicine are as follows:

2. 1. 1 brass glycoside

Brassinoside widely exists in traditional Chinese medicine. Flavonoids will change during the processing of traditional Chinese medicine, thus changing the curative effect of traditional Chinese medicine.

For example, licorice can detoxify and clear heat, moisten the lungs and relieve cough.

During the processing of Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch, brass glycoside will hydrolyze and lose sugar chain, thus producing liquiritigenin and isoliquiritigenin, which is also the reason why Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch can change moistening lung and relieving cough.

2. 1.2 polysaccharide components

Polysaccharides in traditional Chinese medicine have a variety of pharmacological activities, some of which are hydrolyzed during processing, thus changing their activities. For example, the processed components of Rehmannia glutinosa no longer contain stachyose, but the curative effect on some inflammation will be improved.

2. 1.3 alkaloids

Common Chinese medicines containing alkaloids include Sophora flavescens, Ephedra, Coptidis Rhizoma, etc. Moreover, these traditional Chinese medicines containing alkaloids are generally accompanied by aconitine, which has certain toxicity. However, after being processed by traditional Chinese medicines, the alkaloid components will be hydrolyzed, which reduces the toxicity and has a better analgesic effect.

2. 1.4 saponin

Saponins widely exist in traditional Chinese medicine and have many pharmacological activities, such as saikosaponin in Bupleurum chinense, anemarrhena asphodeloides in Anemarrhena asphodeloides, and platycodon grandiflorum saponins in Platycodon grandiflorum.

Saponins are composed of sapogenin and 1 or more glycosyl groups, and deglycosylation hydrolysis often occurs in the process of frying, roasting or boiling, resulting in new components, which in turn causes changes in clinical efficacy.

2. 1.5 iridoid glycosides

Hydrolysis of iridoid glycosides in traditional Chinese medicine is related to its sugar content in traditional Chinese medicine. The iridoid glycoside will lose its glycosyl after hydrolysis, thus changing the therapeutic effect of traditional Chinese medicine.

For example, after processing, Cornus officinalis loses its sugar group, turns purple-black, and the content of 5-HMF increases, thus protecting the liver.

2.2 isomerization reaction

Isomerization refers to the process of transforming a chemical component into its isomer during the processing of traditional Chinese medicine, thus changing the efficacy of traditional Chinese medicine.

For example, after ginseng is processed by heating, the natural S-configuration ginsenoside undergoes isomerization reaction during hydrolysis and is converted into R-configuration secondary glycoside, which changes the clinical treatment effect.

2.3 oxidation reaction

After processing, Chinese medicine will undergo oxidation reaction, thus changing the composition of Chinese medicine and its clinical efficacy.

For example, native copper has the effect of removing blood stasis and relieving pain, and is one of the commonly used Chinese medicines. Generally, it is used as medicine after processing.

The specific oxidation process is to heat native copper at 30-800℃. Copper disulfide is transformed into copper sulfide after oxidation, and there are also components such as ferric oxide, ferric oxide and ferric oxide.

The principle is that ferrous acetate is generated on the surface of native copper after calcination and vinegar quenching, which can make the drug loose, fragile and easy to crush, increase the dissolved iron ions in the drug and be easily absorbed in the body.

2.4 Displacement reaction

Displacement reaction refers to the displacement of two or more traditional Chinese medicines in the processing process, so that some genes in the substance are replaced with some small molecules to generate new components, thus changing the curative effect of the drugs.

For example, Radix Aconiti Lateralis and Radix Aconiti Lateralis have the efficacy of dispelling cold and relieving pain, but they are all highly toxic and need to be processed before they can be used as medicine.

During the processing of aconite, the acetyl group of aconite alkaloids was replaced by fatty acyl group, resulting in less toxic lipid alkaloids.

So as to achieve the effects of attenuation and better medication.

2.5 decomposition reaction

Decomposition reaction is the process of decomposing a compound into two or more compounds during the processing of traditional Chinese medicine.

Due to the complexity of the components contained in traditional Chinese medicine, some components decompose after heating, which causes the change of medicinal properties and thus changes the clinical efficacy.

For example, Tianqi, which widely exists in ginseng, American ginseng and notoginseng, is a special amino acid, also known as Tianqi amino acid, which belongs to dibasic acid, is unstable to heat and has certain neurotoxic side effects.

It was found that during the processing of red ginseng, Panax notoginseng was decarboxylated by heat to produce 1- aldehyde-diaminopropionic acid, and released carbon dioxide and water, which reduced the toxicity of ginseng.

So as to reach the medical standard.

2.6 condensation reaction

Condensation reaction refers to the condensation reaction of traditional Chinese medicine due to some complicated processing, which produces new components and changes the curative effect.

For example, Chuanxiong is a commonly used Chinese medicine, which can promote blood circulation and remove blood stasis. Generally speaking, it is made of wine.

That is, after wine processing, some chemical components in Chuanxiong undergo condensation reaction to generate new chemical components, and these new chemical components can have therapeutic effects.

3 Conclusion

Chinese medicine treatment is a valuable asset of our country. In thousands of years, the wisdom of our ancestors has been condensed, and the theory and practice of Chinese medicine processing science have been constantly improved since its birth. Especially today, with the continuous progress of science and technology, new theories and technologies are constantly emerging, which has a great impetus to the development of Chinese medicine processing science.

It is believed that people will continue to study the processing of traditional Chinese medicine, and there will be more achievements in the future, which will provide a strong guarantee for the people of Guangfa to take safe, effective and quality-controlled standard Chinese herbal pieces.

refer to

Sun yepei. Study on the application of chemical mechanism in the processing of traditional Chinese medicine [J]. China Health Industry, 2015,26:187-189.

[2] Sun E, Xu, Jia. Research progress and thinking of processing mechanism of traditional Chinese medicine [J]. journal of traditional chinese medicine, China, 2014,03: 363-369.

Chemical study on processing compatibility of Eucommia ulmoides Oliv. two

Objective To study and summarize the application range of Eucommia ulmoides Oliv. By measuring the change of chemical composition during processing.

Methods Eucommia ulmoides Oliv. Eucommia ulmoides Oliv. with the same quality was processed by three processing methods: frying, sand scalding and baking, and the finished products were observed by UV-Vis absorption spectrometry, thin layer chromatography and high performance liquid chromatography in turn to study the changes of chemical components of Eucommia ulmoides Oliv. And count the processed products.

Results Through analysis, we can know the chemical constituents of Eucommia ulmoides Oliv. No matter how it is handled, significant changes have taken place.

Conclusion The composition changes of Eucommia ulmoides Oliv. must be considered when preparing traditional Chinese medicine.

Keywords traditional Chinese medicine; Eucommia ulmoides; Processing; Compatibility; chemical composition

1 data and methods

1. 1 general information Eucommia ulmoides Oliv. Refers to the dry epidermis of Eucommia ulmoides Oliv. , is a unique and precious Chinese herbal medicine in China.

Eucommia ulmoides likes to grow in temperate and cool regions, and generally grows on mountains over 500 meters.

Its epidermis, branches and leaves, and male flowers are very rare nourishing materials.

It can be used for nourishing liver and kidney, strengthening bones and muscles, controlling blood pressure, and has a good health care effect on kidney deficiency and hypertension.

Because of its remarkable medicinal efficacy, it has been highly valued by the medical community. Many medical institutions at home and abroad are committed to studying its chemical constituents in order to better participate in the medical treatment of chemical constituents. Eucommia ulmoides Oliv This paper mainly takes its blades as the research object. According to authoritative records, the main components of Eucommia ulmoides Oliv. The leaves contain lignans, iridoid compounds, gum, different kinds of trace elements, amino acids and so on.

In this study, Eucommia ulmoides leaves were used as materials. Eucommia ulmoides Oliv. was processed by three different processing methods, and the changes of chemical composition of Eucommia ulmoides Oliv. were studied by spectral analysis. After processing, I hope this study and experiment can provide more basis for the utilization of Eucommia ulmoides Oliv.

1.2 research methods

1.2. 1 processing method There is no uniform processing method for Eucommia ulmoides Oliv. People are willing to use the following three processing methods to process it: frying, sand ironing and baking.

Chemical constituents of Eucommia ulmoides Oliv. Frequent changes have greatly affected its medicinal properties, and its compatibility ratio and matters needing attention in the process of compatibility should also be changed accordingly.

Different processing methods have different composition changes, so the selection of processing methods is very important.

1.2. 1. 1 saute processing method saute means that no auxiliary materials are added during the processing. The frying method is generally divided into the following steps: ① Classify drugs according to varieties and processing methods, and classify them according to size, and process them in batches to avoid uneven heating of drugs due to different sizes.

(2) Adjust the temperature of the wok to mid-range and take 5g of Eucommia ulmoides Oliv. Then put it in the pot. First, slow fire and keep stirring.

③ Visually inspect Eucommia ulmoides Oliv. There are broken wires, some frames have smoke, and the skin is black. After frying, take it out.

1.2. 1.2 The main raw material for scalding sand is river sand.

The general processing steps are as follows: ① Put a proper amount of clean river sand into the pot, heat it and stir it constantly.

(2) When the river sand flows smoothly, put the classified drugs into it and keep stirring. When the medicine is scalded to meet the standard, the river sand is quickly separated and cooled.

③ Take 5g of Eucommia ulmoides Oliv. And put it into a hot casserole and stir it constantly.

(4) Eucommia ulmoides. Broken by naked eyes, dark brown, burning smell, processing is completed.

1.2. 1.3 Baking method Baking method refers to putting traditional Chinese medicine into a baking utensil for heat preservation and drying. This treatment method is simple and easy to operate, and has been widely recognized by the medical community.

This time, Eucommia ulmoides. , a Chinese medicine, only need to put 5 grams of Eucommia ulmoides. Use an iron pan, put the iron pan into a baking box, adjust the temperature to 180 degrees Celsius, and bake. When Eucommia ulmoides Oliv. The skin is dark brown. After processing, stop baking.

1.2.2 Analysis of chemical constituents of Eucommia ulmoides Oliv. Processed Eucommia ulmoides Oliv. The chemical constituents of Eucommia ulmoides Oliv. were studied by UV-Vis absorption spectrometry, TLC and HPLC. And count the processed products.

1.3 statistical principles SPSS 13. 1 software for statistics, and compare the calculated percentages. Use t test results. When p

Bear fruit

2. 1 See table 1 for the comparison of the three treatment methods.

2.2 Changes in chemical composition of Eucommia ulmoides Oliv. After processing, the changes of chemical composition of Eucommia ulmoides Oliv. were analyzed by taking baking as an example. Before and after processing.

After statistical analysis, it meets the requirements and can be counted. The results are shown in Table 2.

According to the above data, the chemical constituents of Eucommia ulmoides Oliv. were analyzed. After processing, there were great changes, especially the contents of lignans and iridoids decreased obviously.

3 discussion

Eucommia ulmoides Oliv Contains a large number of lignans, iridoid compounds, colloid, different kinds of trace elements, amino acids and so on.

Trace elements mainly cover calcium, iron, zinc, copper, phosphorus, manganese and so on.

These chemical components are beneficial to human body, which can nourish liver and kidney, strengthen bones and muscles, and control blood pressure.

Two compounds were extracted and separated from Eucommia ulmoides Oliv. Through scientific detection, both compounds are iridoid compounds, which can prove that the processing has had a serious impact on Eucommia ulmoides Oliv.

In view of the special properties of iridoids, processors should pay special attention to the influence of processing on iridoids, and it is necessary to explore the content changes of iridoids in Eucommia ulmoides Oliv.

refer to

[1] Bai Runru,. Comparison of decocting rates of Eucommia ulmoides Oliv. In different tablet types and products [J]. Journal of changchun university of traditional chinese medicine, 2009(03).

Chang Xiaohong, Wang, Yu Yue. Historical evolution and modern research of Eucommia ulmoides Oliv. [J]。 China medicine, 2011(11).

Liu, Di and Wu. Research progress of Eucommia ulmoides Oliv. [J]。 Shizhen Chinese Medicine, 20 10(09).