The Historical Background of Peking Opera

Peking Opera, formerly known as Huizhou Opera, was popular in the south of the Yangtze River in the early Qing Dynasty. It mainly sang and blew tunes, played high notes and played Huang Er. Huiban has strong mobility, frequent contact with other operas, and mutual communication and infiltration in vocal cavity. Therefore, in the process of development, it also performed many Kunqu operas, and also absorbed Luoluo cavity and other zaju.

In the fifty-fifth year of Qing Qianlong (1790), the first Huizhou class (Sanqing class) headed by Gao Langting (a famous Yueguan) went to Beijing to participate in the celebration performance of Qianlong's 80th birthday.

"Yangzhou Painting Boat Record" contains: "Gaolang Pavilion entered Beijing, with Anqing Flower Department and Beijing-Qin Erqiang, and the class name was Sanqing." Yang Maojian's Dream and Storybook, published in the 22nd year of Daoguang (1842), also said: "The three celebrations precede the four celebrations. When Qianlong entered the bamboo box in fifty-five years, he called it the' Three Celebrations Emblem', which was the originator of Huizhou class. "

Wu Zishu pointed out more specifically in the Notes on Poems with Boundaries that "Na la Wu, Governor of Fujian and Zhejiang, ordered Zhejiang salt merchants and Anqing Hui people to wish Li." Later, many Huizhou classes went to Beijing in succession. The famous classes are Sanqing, Sixi, Chuntai and Hechun. Although He Shen was founded in the eighth year of Jiaqing (1803), which was later than the thirteenth year of Sanqing, it was still called "Huizhou Class Four went to Beijing" by later generations.

There were many names. There are: random drama, spring tune, Jing Chun, Jing Erchun, Pi Chun (Pi Huang), Er Chun (Er Huang), drama, Ju Ping, old drama, national drama, Beijing opera, Beijing opera and so on.

Extended data;

The composition of Peking Opera facial makeup is varied, and with colorful decorative patterns, it is easy to make people dazzled and have a sense of mystery. In fact, there are only a dozen in summary. Because of mutual reference and mutual change, many spectral formulas are derived.

These spectral forms are based on the appearance and personality characteristics of various characters. Even if it is the same type of spectrum, the line drawing and color processing of each part are different because of the different characters, so that each character is full of his own personality and never the same.

Reference source; Baidu Encyclopedia-Peking Opera

Baidu Encyclopedia-Peking Opera Mask Art