Seventh grade first volume history unit 1 review questions

One. Classification and counting problems

1. List three main representatives of ancient humans or ancient human sites in China, and tell their respective survival ages and sites.

Yuanmou Man (Site): Yuanmou County, Yunnan Province, about 6,543,800 years ago.

Peking man (site): In Zhoukoudian cave in southwest Beijing, it is about 700,000 to 200,000 years ago.

Neanderthal (site): About 30,000 years ago, in a cave on the top of Zhoukoudian Mountain in southwest Beijing.

2. List three cases of forged stone tools (paleolithic tools) used by ancient humans in China.

Yuanmou people, Beijingers, cavemen.

3. Give two examples of ancient humans living in groups.

Yuanmou people and Beijingers.

4. List two cases of representatives of primitive residents in China during the farming period, and tell their survival years and sites respectively.

Hemudu aborigines: Hemudu village, Yuyao, Zhejiang, about 7000 years ago.

Banpo aborigines: banpo village, Xi 'an, Shaanxi, about five or six thousand years ago.

5. List four cases of original residents' representatives in China clan commune period.

Cavemen, Hemudu original residents, Banpo original residents and Dawenkou original residents.

6. List two cases of ancient humans or primitive inhabitants in the Yangtze River valley of China.

Yuanmou people, Hemudu original residents.

7. List three cases of ancient humans or primitive inhabitants in the Yellow River valley of China.

Beijingers, cavemen, Banpo original residents.

8. List two representative cases of China's primitive inhabitants using grinded stone tools (Neolithic tools).

Hemudu original inhabitants and Banpo original inhabitants.

9. List several worldwide contributions of China's primitive agricultural era. (3 cases)

China is the first country in the world to grow rice;

China is the first country to grow millet in the world.

China is the country that planted vegetables earlier in the world.

10. List the leaders of five tribal alliances in the Yellow River Basin of China.

Huangdi, Yao, Shun and Yu.

1 1. List the contribution of the Yellow Emperor to China civilization.

Huangdi built palaces, made clothes, taught people to dig wells, and invented boats and cars, all of which laid the foundation for future generations. His wife Lei Zu invented sericulture and silk reeling, his subordinate Cang Xie invented writing, and Ling Lun wrote music scores.

12. Write down ancient humans or primitive residents according to the relevant tips.

(1) The earliest known human in China;

(2) Some features of apes have been preserved, but the division of labor between hands and feet is obvious:

(3) Mastering polishing and drilling technology can make bone needles and decorations;

(4) Planting rice and living in a dry fence house:

(5) planting millet and living in a semi-crypt;

(Yuanmou people, Beijingers, cavemen, Hemudu indigenous residents, Banpo indigenous residents. )

13. Write the relevant historical figures according to the prompts.

(1) the origin of China people:

(2) Xuanyuan, revered as the ancestor of China or the "ancestor of humanity";

(3) build palaces, make clothes, teach people to dig wells, and invent ships and cars;

(4) the invention of silk reeling:

(5) Writing music score:

(6) Invented words:

(7) scrimp and save, you loved the people;

(8) Be generous to others and set an example:

(9) Flood control and sharing weal and woe with the masses:

(10) abdication system:

(1 1) Establishing the Xia Dynasty:

(12) The first king who was transformed from a tribal alliance leader into a slave country;

(Yan Di, Huangdi; Huangdi; Huangdi; Rezu; Ling LUN; Cang Xie; Yao; Shun; Yu; Yao, Shun and Yu; Yu; Yu)

Second, comprehensive inquiry questions

1. What progress has the life of cavemen made compared with that of Beijingers?

(1) Physical characteristics: Beijingers still retain some characteristics of ancient apes, and the appearance of cavemen is basically the same as that of modern people.

(2) Production tools: Beijingers use hammered stone tools, while cavemen have mastered polishing and drilling techniques.

(3) Production and life: Beijingers are engaged in hunting and gathering, using natural fire; Cavemen can also fish, make fires, sew and make decorations, and know how to love beauty.

(4) Social organization: Beijing people live together, while cavemen are combined into clans by blood relationship.

2. What is the purpose of fire? What is the historical significance of the use of fire?

Uses: can barbecue food, drive away wild animals, light and prevent cold.

Significance: The use of fire has enhanced people's ability to adapt to nature, which is a great progress in the process of human evolution.

Please imagine a day's life in Beijing. Write a short article according to your own imagination. Requirements, reasonable imagination, fluent language, not less than 200 words.

A day in Beijing

One day about 700,000 years ago, when dawn came to the Longgushan Cave in Zhoukoudian, southwest of Beijing, our ancestor Beijingers began a day's life. A dozen strong men set off with rough stone tools, sticks and torches. They are going to hunt in the forest. Some women began to collect some wild fruits not far from caves and dig out the roots of some plants with stone tools. Some old people and young people stayed in the cave, and they were responsible for making fires. To prevent the fire from going out. In the afternoon, the working people returned to the cave one after another. People began to sit around the fire and barbecue their prey. The old people divided the food equally among everyone. When night fell, Beijingers lit a fire at the entrance of the mountain to prevent wild animals from attacking. People fell asleep after a hard day's work.

If a Beijinger meets a caveman, what will they say? Please describe a dialogue between Beijingers and cavemen according to your historical knowledge. The dialogue should reflect their physical characteristics and production and living conditions.

Beijingers: Hello. How come I haven't seen you? Where do you live?

Neanderthal: I live at the top of Gulong Mountain. We are very close. We are neighbors. Huh? Why do you look different from us? Wow! Haven't you got any clothes on? What a pity

Beijingers: Yes, our appearance still retains some features of apes. We can't sew clothes. What do you sew clothes with? Could you tell me something about your living conditions?

Neanderthal: Yes, we sewed hides into clothes with bone needles. Look at the decorations hanging around our necks. They are made by grinding and drilling shells or pebbles we picked up. Isn't it beautiful? We are blood relatives who live together. We can make a fire and fish. We can go far away. I have seen the sea.

Beijingers: Wow, I envy you so much. We are far behind you. Now dozens of people live together, but they are not necessarily related by blood. Only rough stone tools can be made. The most important thing is that we can't make a fire artificially, so we should always be careful to keep a natural fire. If the fire goes out by accident, it will be miserable. We dare not go far, let alone see the sea. Friends, now let's learn from you.

Caveman: OK, welcome to learn.

5. What progress have the original inhabitants of Hemudu made in production and life compared with Beijingers and cavemen?

The original inhabitants of Hemudu used grinding stone tools, cultivated land and planted rice. They live in a dry fence house and live a stable life. They dig wells to make drinking water more convenient, raise livestock, make pottery, make simple jade articles and primitive musical instruments.

6. Similarities and differences between Hemudu and Banpo aborigines.

Similarities: (1) all started primitive farming life;

(2) Abrasive tools are used, mainly thunder plough;

(3) the emergence of agriculture, animal husbandry and handicrafts;

(4) Everyone has built a house and lived a stable life.

Difference: (1) The age and living place are different: Hemudu was located in the Yangtze River basin about 7000 years ago, and the original inhabitants of Banpo were located in the Yellow River basin about 5000 to 6000 years ago.

(2) Planting different food crops: The original inhabitants of Hemudu planted rice; The original inhabitants of Banpo planted millet.

(3) The house structure is different: Hemudu lives in a dry-fence house; The original inhabitants of Banpo lived in houses in the semi-basement.

7. We have learned something about ancient humans and primitive inhabitants in China. If you visit these sites of ancient humans or primitive inhabitants one day, can you introduce what you know to tourists and act as a small tour guide? Please choose an ancient human or an original resident to try to write a tour guide.

For example, take part in Banpo's site of primitive inhabitants.

Hello, tourists:

Let me tell you about the life of the original inhabitants of Banpo. The original inhabitants of Banpo lived five or six thousand years ago. Named after the site is located in banpo village, Xi City, Shaanxi Province. First of all, let's know about the production tools of Banpo's original residents. These tools are polished stone tools and wooden barriers used to reclaim land. This is a stone knife, which is used to harvest crops. These are bone arrows, harpoons and hooks unearthed here, which Banpo people use for hunting and fishing. Look here again, this is the millet seed unearthed from Banpo, which shows that the main crop they planted is millet. This is the seed of Chinese cabbage and mustard, which shows that they have been able to grow these vegetables. Finally, let's take part in the development of Banpo handicraft industry, which is a fish noodle basin, fully demonstrating the superb technology of Banpo painted pottery. It is engraved with patterns of human faces and fish lines, and there are some carved symbols on the edge of the basin. Some scholars believe that these symbols may be the embryonic form of early writing. This is an unearthed spinning wheel, which shows that Banpo people can already spin, weave and make clothes. Through these cultural relics, the original life scenes of Banpo people are fully displayed. Well, that's all for my introduction. Thank you!

8. Assuming that the indigenous residents of Hemudu and Banpo can exchange visits after harvest in autumn, can you use the materials provided by the textbook to design a one-day mutual reception schedule for them, including a recipe containing two meals and one-day activities?

9. Why do people in China today call themselves "descendants of the Chinese people"?

About four or five thousand years ago, many tribes lived in our country. Yan Di and Huangdi are the leaders of two tribes. They United and defeated the powerful Chiyou tribe in the east, forming an alliance. After a long period of development, it formed the Huaxia nationality in the future, that is, the predecessor of the Han nationality and the backbone of the Chinese nation. Huangdi is recognized as the ancestor of Huaxia nationality. At the same time, there were many inventions during the Yellow Emperor period, which laid the foundation of Chinese civilization and had a great influence on the development of later generations. We are proud of this. In order to show respect for our ancestors, we all call ourselves "descendants of the Yellow Emperor".

10. What is the abdication system? When did this system appear and which tribal alliance leaders were involved? What noble qualities do these tribal alliance leaders have? How do you evaluate this system? What qualities do you think * * * should have?

The abdication system is a system of democratic election of tribal alliance leaders in the late primitive society in China.

When Yao was old, he sought the opinions of tribal leaders and chose Shun as his successor. When Shun was old, he also gave way to Yu, who had made contributions to water control.

Yao lived a simple life, while Ake loved the people. Be generous to others and set an example; Yu * * * people share weal and woe with the masses in water control.

I think abdication system is a very democratic system, through which some talented people become leaders of tribal alliances. Conducive to social progress.

I think * * * should have noble qualities, be generous to others, set an example and share joys and sorrows with the masses.

Three. Material analysis problem

1. Reading materials:

Material 1: In ancient times, there were fewer people and more animals, and people were invincible.

-"It's over."

Material 2: A large number of charcoal and several ash piles, as well as stones, animal bones and trees burned in the fire, were found in the Peking man site.

Material 3: In ancient times, ... there were many diseases among people. There are saints, who drill fire to make them stink, and the people call them, making the country king, and the name is Sui people.

Please answer: (1) When was the situation described in the material 1? What kind of life must people live in this sinister environment?

(2) What does Material 2 prove? What is the historical significance of the facts it proves?

(3) What major changes did Material 3 reflect in people's lives in primitive society? Who caused this phenomenon?

A: (1) depicts primitive society. People must live in groups.

(2) It proves that Beijingers can already use natural fire, and the use of fire has enhanced people's ability to adapt to nature, which is a great progress in the process of human evolution.

(3) It reflects that people in primitive society have been able to make artificial fires, and the caves are crowded with people.

2. Reading materials:

Material 1: People in ancient times ate animals and animals. As for Shennong, there are many people but not enough animals. Therefore, due to one day's time, Shennong divided the benefits of the land and cultivated it for the people.

-Biography of the White Tiger

Material 2: Ancient people lived in caves and in the wild. Later saints could easily use palaces to build buildings and wait for the storm.

-Zhouyi

Please answer: (1) Material 1 Why does Shennong "teach people to farm"? How does Shennong deal with the relationship between man and nature?

(2) What historical phenomenon does the material 1 reflect? Please list two representatives of indigenous residents in this period according to what you have learned.

(3) Material 2 shows the change of human habitation. Please give an example.

A:( 1) There are many people but not enough animals. It shows that he can make scientific and rational use of nature according to local conditions. ② The emergence of primitive agricultural production in China. The original inhabitants of Hemudu and Banpo. (3) Humans have developed from living in wild caves to building houses. Banpo people's semi-crypt houses and Hemudu original residents' ganlan houses.

3. Material: "Painted pottery is exquisite, with many beads painted. It's either a face or a Pisces. Since agriculture became popular, people have lived in groups. The moat extends for two feet and is similar in width. There is no separate document in the site of Henai. "

—— Guo Moruo

Please answer:

(1) According to the content of the poem in the material, please guess which primitive resident's life this is about?

(2) Can you give an example of a painted pottery cultural relic that "presents either a face or a Pisces"?

(3) What crops were planted by the original inhabitants of "land to the tiller" described in the poem?

(4) In recent years, some scholars have new ideas about "writing alone" mentioned in poetry. Can you tell me what this is?

Answer: (1) Banpo aborigines. (2) Banpo Mermaid Basin. 3 millet. (4) Painted pottery depicts some symbols, which some scholars think may be the embryonic form of early writing.

4. Reading materials:

Material 1: "Smart and wise, bright and far away, make contributions and stand tall in the East."

Material 2: Five thousand years after the founding of People's Republic of China (PRC), Xuanyuan in China has been handed down since ancient times. Create a compass to pacify the rebellion of Chiyou. World civilization, only me first.

Please answer:

(1) Material 1 is a eulogy praising who?

(2) According to the knowledge you have now, please point out what "building this great cause" means.

(3) Who is the second material taken from? Who is "Shenzhou Xuanyuan"? Why did he win the honor?

(4) What is the event related to "Creating a Compass to Pacify the Chiyou Rebellion" in Material 2?

(5) What kind of feelings do these two materials reflect?

A:( 1) Huangdi (2) defeated Chiyou with Yan Di, and after a long period of development, formed the Huaxia nationality in the future; Huangdi built palaces, made clothes, taught people to dig wells, and invented boats and cars, all of which laid the foundation for future generations. His wife Lei Zu invented sericulture and silk reeling, his subordinate Cang Xie invented writing, and Ling Lun wrote music scores. These inventions have brought mankind into a civilized era. ③ Sun Yat-sen and Huangdi. The first ancestor of mankind. ④ Battle of Zhuolu. (5) show reverence for the Yellow Emperor.

5. Reading materials

Material 1: "The trip to the Avenue is also a trip to the world, and the world is for the public. Select talents and abilities and cultivate faith. Old friends are not only relatives, but also sons and sons, so that the old will have an end, the young will be useful, and the young will have strengths. Those who are embarrassed, lonely, lonely and disabled will be supported. "

-Excerpt from The Book of Rites

Material 2: today's avenue is hidden, the world is home, every family is close, each son is a son, and the goods are for himself; My Lord, it's polite.

Please answer:

(1) What issue is the material I'm talking about?

(2) What does it mean to "serve the public and select talents and abilities"?

(3) Who initiated the situation of "the world is home" in Material 2? When "the public is the world" becomes "the home is the world", what system replaced what system?

A: (1) The situation of primitive society. (2) It means that the world belongs to everyone, and talented sages are chosen to be the leaders of tribal alliances. (3) Yu, replacing the abdication system with hereditary system.

4. Reading pictures

1. Look at the picture and answer:

(1) Whose front teeth are these? Please write down the age and residence of this ancient human.

(2) Some rough stone tools, a large number of carbon fragments and small charred bones were also found in the site. Please analyze what these relics show.

(3) In 2006, an oriental ancestor worship platform will be built here? Do you know why?

A: (1) Yuanmou. About 654.38+700,000 years ago. The location is Yuanmou County, Yunnan Province.

(2) Prove that Yuanmou people already know how to make tools and use fire. (3) Because Yuanmou was the earliest human being in China.

2. Look at the picture and answer: (1) Who are the head restoration images in Figure 1 and Figure 2 respectively?

(2) Please compare their physical characteristics according to the restored images. Figure 1 Figure 2

(3) What social organization do they live in?

A: (1) Figure 1 is from Beijing, and Figure 2 is from cavemen. (2) Beijingers still retain some features of apes. The appearance of cavemen is basically the same as that of modern people. (3) Beijingers live among primitive people and live in groups. Neanderthals entered the tribe.

3. Look at the picture and answer:

(1) Please point out which three ancient human sites are ABC in the picture?

(2) What is the earliest human site discovered in China?

(3) The two nearest sites are:

(4) Please rank them according to their life span.

A:( 1)A Beijinger, B caveman, C Yuanmou.

② C Zi Yuanmou. (3)A and B, Beijingers and cavemen. Cab.

The value of historical relics is that they can truly reflect the historical situation at that time and provide valuable information for future generations to understand history. Please carefully observe the cultural relics map unearthed below and answer the following questions:

(1) Memory expert: What human site was this cultural relic unearthed in? How old are these cultural relics?

(2) Archaeologist: According to these cultural relics, can you understand the living conditions of this primitive resident?

A:( 1) This is a cultural relic found in the cave man site. About thirty thousand years ago. (2) cavemen have mastered polishing and drilling technology. They can already sew clothes with bone needles, and the decorations they wear also show that cavemen know how to love beauty. The shell of the sea clam shows that Neanderthals have gone far and their range of activities has expanded.

5. Look at the picture and answer: Please write a short passage according to this picture to introduce the living conditions of cavemen. Requirements in line with historical facts, fluent language, not less than 200 words.

A: About 30,000 years ago, a group of ancient people lived in the cave at the top of Zhoukoudian Mountain in southwest Beijing. Archaeologists call them Neanderthals. Their appearance is basically the same as that of modern people. They still hammer stone tools, but they have mastered polishing and drilling techniques. They made artificial fires, gathered and hunted for a living, and fished. Cavemen have sewed clothes with bone needles and know how to love beauty. They have a common ancestor and formed a clan. They live together, use public work, work together and share the fruits of their labor. There is no difference between the rich and the poor.

6.

Look at the picture, please answer:

(1) Figure 1 and Figure 2 are the houses where the original residents live. What are their style names?

Please try to tell the advantages of these two houses? (List only two points) What determines the difference between the two housing structures, and what does it show?

Answer: (1) Figure 1 A dry-column house built for the original inhabitants of Hemudu, and Figure 2 shows a semi-crypt house built by the original inhabitants of Banpo. (2) The dry rail house is ventilated and moisture-proof, and livestock can be raised under it. Semi-basement houses are warm in winter and cool in summer, saving materials. It is determined by different geographical environment and natural conditions. This shows that human beings have been able to develop harmoniously with nature. Or people have been able to adapt to the natural environment.

7. Please name the pictures below and make appropriate comments.

A: noodle fish pattern basin. The fish pattern basin with human face is named because it is painted with human face and fish pattern. It was unearthed in Banpo Site in banpo village, Xi City, Shaanxi Province, and was made by the original inhabitants of Banpo about five or six thousand years ago. It also depicts some symbols, which some scholars think may be the embryonic form of early Chinese characters. The fish basin shows us the superb craftsmanship of Banpo painted pottery.

8.

Map of main sites in China's primitive agricultural era

Look at the picture and answer the questions.

(1) Which two original settlements are AB in the diagram?

(2) Please compare the similarities and differences between these two original residents.

A:( 1)A is the site of Hemudu original inhabitants, and B is the site of Banpo original inhabitants.

(2) Regarding the similarities and differences between the two original residents, please refer to the sixth question comprehensively asked on page 3.

9. Please answer:

(1) Who is the figure in the middle of this picture? He is honored. Why?

(2) Can you talk about his contribution to the Chinese nation with illustrations?

(3) What do you think is credible about all kinds of myths and legends invented during the period of the Yellow Emperor? What are the fairy tales?

(4) How to treat historical facts and myths and legends scientifically?

A: (1) Huangdi. The first ancestor of mankind.

(2) The Yellow Emperor built palaces, made clothes, taught people to dig wells, and invented boats and cars, laying a foundation for future generations. His wife Lei Zu invented sericulture and silk reeling, his subordinate Cang Xie invented writing, and Ling Lun wrote music scores.

(3) During the period of the Yellow Emperor, palaces could be built, clothes could be made, wells could be dug, ships and cars could be built, characters could be invented, and music scores could be compiled. There is a credible side. If the palace is built, it means that the house can be built, and the words appear, which is the original words. However, it is full of myth to say that these inventions are the personal inventions of Huangdi, Lei Zu, Cang Xie or Ling Lun.

(4) Any invention will not be attributed to one or two people, but the result of long-term exploration and practice by many people.

10. Please answer:

(1) Who is this person? What contribution did he make?

(2) When are the characters in the portrait?

(3) What are his spirits worth learning?

What is the reason for his success?

⑤ How do you evaluate him?

A: (1) Yu. China entered the slave society by controlling floods and establishing Xia Dynasty.

(2) Primitive social period.

(3) The selfless spirit of "going through three doors and not advancing" and hard work and hard work has been passed down as an eternal story and has become an important part of the Chinese national spirit.

④ Summarized the experience and lessons of water control failure; Set an example and conduct a lot of investigation and research; Take advantage of the trend, dare to innovate and adopt scientific methods; Unite the people.

(5) Yu is a hero in the legendary era and a great man standing on the threshold of civilization.