Old almanac terminology: What do meridians mean?

Lead: There is the word meridian in the terminology of the Old Yellow Calendar. Don't think that this meridian refers to the vein of our Chinese medicine. In fact, they are not the same thing. In fact, the meaning of meridians in the Old Yellow Calendar is quite complicated, so if you want to know what the meaning of meridians is, let's take a look at our detailed answers.

What do meridians mean?

Meridian: loading machines, weaving, harvesting silkworms, loading spinning wheels and loading machines.

Originally meant to refer to rivers and streams, and later introduced into Chinese medicine, it refers to the endless circulation of qi and blood in human body. Collateral was originally a water conservancy term, which was introduced into Chinese medicine in the Spring and Autumn Period. Refers to the ditch that communicates water veins, and is a metaphor for the horizontal road that communicates meridians and qi and blood veins.

How is silk woven?

In order to change the cocooned silk into silk that can be woven, there are four steps: mixing cocoons, peeling cocoons, selecting cocoons, boiling cocoons, reeling, and then weaving into cloth.

Cocoon mixing: According to the requirements of process design, people need to mix cocoons produced in different regions in proportion. This can expand the batch, balance the cocoon quality and unify the silk color. When mixing cocoons, it is required that the color and shape of cocoons are basically close, the size of cocoons is uneven, and the length difference of cocoons is generally less than 200 meters.

Cocoon peeling: The outer cocoon fiber is thin and brittle, so it can't be used for reeling. You must peel it first. To this end, people also designed a special cocoon peeling machine to peel the cocoon clothes, so as to ensure that the number of cocoons boiled in the later stage of silkworm boiling is accurate and even. The amount of cocoon peeling must be appropriate, because too much peeling will affect the silk yield. The amount of cocoon peeling in spring accounts for about 2% of the total cocoon amount, and it accounts for about 65438 0.8% in autumn.

Cocoon selection: This process is to select and classify silkworm cocoons according to the requirements of process design, and eliminate the remaining cocoons that cannot be reeled in raw cocoons. The silk used for silk making is all first-class silk. Cocoon selection is divided into two steps: rough selection and fine selection. Rough selection is to select double-layer cocoons and lower cocoons, and the rest are reeled for upper cocoons; On the basis of rough selection, the secondary cocoons in the upper cocoon are selected and eliminated, and classified according to cocoon shape.

Cocoon boiling: Cocoon boiling can properly swell and dissolve sericin, enhance the toughness of cocoon silk, and ensure the continuous and orderly dissociation of cocoon silk. Cocoon boiling is a key process in the process of silk making, and the quality of cocoon boiling directly affects the quality of silk.

Spin silk from cocoon

Silk reeling is a major process in the silk-making process. According to product specifications, several cooked cocoons are dissociated and combined to make raw silk or tussah silk. There are many methods of reeling silk. According to the different ups and downs of silk reeling, it can be divided into floating reeling, semi-sinking reeling and sinking reeling. The ups and downs of cocoon mainly depend on the amount of water absorbed by cocoon cavity after cocoon cooking. According to the different types of reeling machinery, it can be divided into vertical reeling and automatic reeling. According to the different sensing types of automatic reeling machine, it can be divided into two types: fixed-length sensing reeling and fixed-fiber sensing reeling. The process of extracting cocoon from silk is called reeling.

There are many ways to reel silk. According to the different ups and downs of reeling cocoons, it can be divided into three types: floating reeling, semi-floating reeling and sinking reeling. The ups and downs of cocoon mainly depend on the amount of water absorbed by cocoon cavity after cocoon cooking. According to the types of reeling machinery, it can be divided into sitting reeling, vertical reeling and automatic reeling. Sitting reeling is a high-temperature and high-speed manual reeling method, which prevailed in modern industrialization period and was later replaced by vertical reeling machine. Vertical reeling is a fine reeling method, which is characterized by fixed size and cocoon matching and low-speed reeling technology. Automatic silk reeling is an advanced method to automatically control the size of raw silk, and it is also a silk reeling machine that has been used all the time. The low-temperature and high-speed silk reeling process is adopted. In the silk reeling process, all links are connected by machinery or water flow, so it is called automatic silk reeling. However, no matter what kind of reeling machine is used, reeling cooked cocoons into raw silk must go through the processes of reeling, sorting, gathering, twisting sheath, winding, winding and drying. After the cocoon is reeled into raw silk by the silk reeling machine, it enters the silk weaving stage.

Weave by machine

Raw silk is divided into warp and weft after processing, and interweaves with each other according to certain knitting rules to form silk fabric, which is the knitting process. Various silk fabrics have different manufacturing processes, which can be roughly divided into two categories: raw weaving, that is, warp and weft are made into fabrics without scouring and dyeing, which is called blank silk design, and then the blank silk is refined and dyed into finished products. This production mode has low cost and short process, and is the main mode used in silk weaving production. Cooked weaving means that warp and weft are dyed before weaving, and the woven blank silk can be finished without scouring and dyeing. This method is mostly used to produce high-grade silk fabrics, such as brocade and taffeta. Preparations should be made before weaving, such as dipping and softening sericin, twisting to improve product performance, warping and winding. At the same time, due to the strong hygroscopicity of silk, moisture-proof work should be done well.

If you want to find out more about the explanation of almanac terms, please click on the explanation of almanac terms.