How to calculate the lunar year

How to calculate the date of the lunar calendar is a set of methods for calculating the date summarized according to the operation of the sun in ancient times.

Generally, there will be a leap year every four years, that is, one more day every four years.

Knowledge about the lunar calendar

Lunar calendar (summer calendar, lunar calendar, ancient calendar, yellow calendar, old calendar)

The lunar calendar takes the time of the first month of the lunar calendar as the average time of the calendar month. This is the same as the pure lunar calendar, but the lunar calendar adopts the method of setting leap month and 24 solar terms, so that the average length of the calendar year is equal to the tropic year, which makes it have the elements of the solar calendar again, so it is better than the pure lunar calendar.

It is said that our ancestors used this calendar in all lunar calendar dates back to Xia Dynasty (65438 BC+07th century BC). So people also call it the summer calendar. After liberation, it was still called the summer calendar. After 1970, it was renamed the China Lunar Calendar. As for the origin of the first place in the lunar calendar, it is probably because the country has been founded by agriculture since ancient times, so the calendar must serve agriculture.

The lunar calendar is based on the new moon. The time of the first month of the lunar calendar is 29th 12 hours, 44 minutes and 3 seconds (i.e. 29.5366 days), so the lunar calendar is also 30 days for the big month and 29 days for the small month, but it is not exactly the same as the pure lunar calendar, because the pure lunar calendar is arranged alternately with big and small months, and the size and month of the lunar calendar are determined by calculation.

The first day of each month in the lunar calendar happens to be a new moon (that is, the moon is in the middle of the sun and the earth faces the earth with a dark half). Sometimes there may be two big months or two small months in a row. Because the first month of the lunar calendar is slightly longer than 29 and a half days, there are about 53 big months and 47 small months in every 100 calendar month of the lunar calendar.

The lunar calendar basically takes 12 months as a year, but the time of 12 lunar months is 354.3667 days, which is about 1 1 day different from the tropical year. In this way, every three years, there will be 33 more days, that is, one more month.

In order to eliminate the extra days, one month is added every three years, which is the leap month of the lunar calendar. A year with a leap month is also called a leap year. Therefore, the lunar leap year has 13 months. As for the leap month, it is determined by the solar terms.

As a kind of lunar calendar, the number of days per month depends on the monthly loss, and the time of one year is based on 12 months. In order to end the earth's cycle around the sun, that is, the tropic year, one month is added every two to three years, and the added month is a leap month, so the leap year of the lunar calendar is 13 months.

There is no thirteenth month in the lunar calendar. According to the calendar rules, leap months are repeated in the same month from February to 10, and the repeated months are leap months. For example, the leap month after April is called leap April.

Lunar leap year leap month calculation, three-year leap, five-year leap, 19 leap; The lunar calendar basically takes 19 as a cycle, corresponding to the same time in the Gregorian calendar. For example, in the Gregorian calendar, May 27th, 200 1, May 27th 1982 and May 27th 1963 are the fifth day of leap April.

The month of the leap month is inferred according to the laws of the lunar calendar, mainly according to the coincidence degree with the 24 solar terms of the lunar calendar;

The number of leap months in the lunar calendar is the same as that in normal months, both of which are 29 or 30 days.

The so-called "leap" in the lunar calendar is only called leap year and leap month, and there are also leap years in the Gregorian calendar.

Another name for lunar month

January: the first month, the second month, the month of Meng, the end of the month, beginning of spring and beginning of spring;

February: such as the moon, apricot moon, mid-spring and early spring;

March: sick month, peach month, Ji Chun, March, March, Yangchun and late spring;

April: Yuyue, Qinghe, Taoyue and Xia Meng;

May: Job Liu Yue, midsummer;

June: and month, lotus month, Xia Yue, the last month of summer;

July: Meet, Qiao Yue, Shuangyue, Qiu Meng and the same month;

August: Zhuangyue, Gui Yue, Mid-Autumn Festival and Mid-Autumn Festival;

September: Qiu Ji's sea moon and gathering moon;

October: Yangyue, Xiaoyangchun and Mengdong;

November: Gu Yue, Jiayue and Midwinter;

1February: Tuyue, Twelfth Moon, Jiaping Moon and Jidong Moon.

The first ten days of a lunar month are customarily called the first day. For example, the second day of the first month of the lunar calendar is called the second day of the first month. Of course, it is also correct to say 65438+10.2.

The first month of the lunar calendar (the first month of the year) begins after 65438+1October 20th and before the end of February. For example, the first day of the first lunar month may be 65438+10.21,or it may be February 20; On the contrary, the last day of the Lunar New Year is from 65438+1October 20th to the end of February.

The formula of big and small months in the lunar calendar

Make up two hexagrams a year, and it will be safe in early July and February.

On cloudy and sunny days, I will go to see divination. If it is the tenth year of leap month ... ";

What year is the lunar calendar? 15 The trunk-branch chronology in China's ancient chronology has been used since 54 AD, and it has not been interrupted by the change of dynasties and the division of the country: the cycle is 60 years, and it can be calculated as long as we know how many times it has been circulated from now on (which is very helpful for archaeological and historical research).

20 10 gengyin year! Then 1950 years ago was also the year of Geng Yin, and 1890 was also the year of Geng Yin (according to: A, B, C, D, E, Ji, G, Xin, Ren and Gui are collectively called "ten days of dryness", and the sons, ugliness, Yin, Mao, Chen and Si. From 1840 (the year of the boxer) to 1900, a history of Jiazi is called "the change of the country of the boxer" and so on.

The Republic of China has been 1929.

Gan Longgeng Xu 1790

Daoguang Ji hai nian Han 1839

Daoguang Gengyinnian 1830

Guangxu Renchen Year 1892

Guangxu gengzi year 1900

How to calculate that the lunar year is arranged according to 60 orders?

Sixty Jia Zi (sixty Hua Jia Zi, six Jia Zi)

1. heavenly stems and earthly branches collocates in order, that is, A, B, C, D, E, Ji, G, Xin, Ren, Gui, Zi, Ugly, Yin, Mao, Chen, Si, Wu, Wei, Shen, You, Xu and Hai, starting from A. Also known as sixty flowers. Because there are six groups that begin with the word "A", it is also called "Liu Jia".

2. refers to people over 60 years old.

3. Sixty stars in Taoist belief, that is, sixty immortals on duty every day. Call these gods by heavenly stems and earthly branches's matching names.

Sixty-one sub-table

0 1 jiazi 1 1 JOE 2 1 Shen Jia 3 1 Wu Jia 4 1 Chen Jia 5 1 good news.

02 E Chou 12 E Hai 22 E You 32 E Wei 42 E Si 52 E Mao

03 bingyin 13 bingzi 23 Xu Bing 33 Shen Bing 43 Wu Bing 53 Chen Bing

04 Ding Mao 14 Ding Chou 24 Ding Hai 34 Ding You 44 Ding Wei 54 Ding Si

05 Chen Wu 15 Wuyin 25 Wuzi 35 Wuxu 45 Wushen 55 Wuwu

06 Gigi 16 Gigi Mao 26 Gigi Ugly 36 Gigi Hai 46 Ji You 56 Wiki.

07 Geng Wu 17 Chen Geng 27 Geng Yin 37 Geng Zi 47 Geng Xu 57 Geng Shen

08 Xin Wei 18 Xinsi 28 Xin Mao 38 Xin Chou 48 Xin Hai 58 Xin You.

09 Ren Shen 19 Renwu 29 Renchen 39 Renyin 49 Renzi 59 Ren Xu

10 Gui You 20 Guiwei 30 Guisi 40 Guimao 50 Guichou 60 Guihai

Jiazi Yin Na

Ten stems and twelve branches are collocated in turn, from Jiazi to Guihai, and a total of 60 combinations are called Sixty Jiazi. It is still a mystery what each group means with a syllable and five elements.

Jia Zi, Yi Chou, and Jin are in the sea;

Bing Yin, Ding Mao, fire in the furnace;

Chen Wu, Keith, Dalinmu;

Wei Xin Geng Wu, roadside soil;

Ren Shen, Gui You, with Jian Fengjin;

JOE, Bohai, there are mountain fires;

Bingzi and Ding Chou have holes in the water;

Wuyi, self-sufficient, with wall soil;

Chen Geng and Xin Si, with ash as gold;

Noon, not, to willow;

Shen Jia and Yiyou use spring water;

Xu Bing and Dinghai, using the soil on the house;

Wuzi, ugly, with thunder and fire;

Geng Yin, Xin Mao, use pine and cypress;

Chen Chen, Guisi, has a fixed tap water;

Wu Jia, Yiwei, sand with gold;

Bingshen, Ding You, under the volcano;

Wuxu, Jihai, using flat wood;

Gengzi, Xin Chou, brought soil to the wall;

Yin, Gui Mao, with gold foil;

Chen Jia and Yisi, with Buddha's light;

Bingwu River in Ding Wei;

Ji You Wushen, the earth;

Geng Xu, Xinhai, with gold;

Renzi, Guichou, use Sang Song;

Mao Yi Jiayin with big streams;

Chen Bing, Ding Si, with sand and mud;

Wu Wu, I am gone, there is fire in the sky;

The heart has Geng Shen and pomegranate wood;

Ren Xu, Guihai, the sea is very big.

How to calculate the days and months of the lunar calendar with heavenly stems? Chronology of ancient China. That is, A, B, C, D, E, B, G, A, B and B are the ten branches, and A, B, C, B, B, C, D, B, B and B are the twelve branches, and the branches are coordinated in sequence. For example, Jia Zi and Yi Chou returned to Jia Zi after 60 years. It goes on and on. China still uses the calendar year of the dry branch in the lunar calendar.

The chronology of the dry branch sprouted in the Western Han Dynasty, began with Wang Mang, and prevailed in the late Eastern Han Dynasty. In the second year of Han and Yuan Dynasties (AD 85), the imperial court ordered the nationwide implementation of "Records of Cadres". Some people think that China used dry branches to record the years before Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty. However, this is the year of the prince. In the year of the prince, the main branch represents twelve days (dividing the ecliptic into twelve equal parts). Jupiter 1 1.862 orbits the sky once a week, so it takes about 86 years for Tai Sui to pass through an event called "Chen Chao". In Zhuan Xu Calendar, the first year of Tai Chu (BC 104) of Emperor Wudi of the Western Han Dynasty was the "Prince" in Bingzi, but taichu calendar changed it to "Ding Chou" in a super-classical way. At the end of the Han Dynasty, Liu Xin's newly compiled San Tong Li changed the first year of Taishu to Bingzi, and the second year of Taishi (the first 95 years) was changed from Yiyou to Bingxu. Scholars who returned to the Eastern Han Dynasty did not use the super-Chen Fang method. Therefore, starting from the second year, the chronology of the prince and the chronology of the main branch are the same. However, according to legend, the expression of heavenly stems and earthly branches's chronology began in the Yellow Emperor's period, and 60 pieces of Jiazi table were found in Shang Dynasty archaeology of Yin Ruins.

1. The meaning of trunk and branch: trunk and branch are the collective names of heavenly stems and earthly branches.

There are 10 symbols:

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

Methyl ethyl propyl butyl hexyl heptyl octyl non decyl

Branch refers to the ground branch with 12 symbols:

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 1 1 12

The child is ugly, and the mother hasn't applied this afternoon.

2. The combination of stem and branch is used for chronology. In other words, the ten-day trunk and branch are combined with the twelve-day earthly branch to form the trunk and branch chronology. According to this arrangement method, 60 branches can be formed after six rounds of arrangement of 10 symbols and five rounds of arrangement of ground branches 12 symbols. If it continues, it will be restored to its original state and will be repeated, which is what the folks say, "turning to Jiazi in 60 years."

[Edit this paragraph] Sixty years Jia Zi (branch table)

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

Jia Chou Bing Yin Ding Mao Wu

1 1 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20

Jia Haibing, Ding Choumao, Chen Geng, the new four-person five-return committee.

2 1 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30

Shen Jia Yi Youbing Xu Ding Wu Haizi ugly Geng Yinxin Mao Renchen ghost silk

3 1 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40

Wu Jiayi, Wei Bing, Shen Dingyou, Reform Movement of 1898, Ji Haigeng, Angel, Ugly, Renyin and Guimao.

4 1 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50

Chen Jia, Yi Si, Bing Wu, Wu Shen, Ji You, Geng Xu, Xinhai, Ren Zi, Gui Chou.

5 1 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60

Jia Yin, Yi Mao, Chen Bing, Ding Si, Wu Wu and Xin You have not applied for this position, and they have all failed.

[Edit this paragraph] Understand the "Twelve Earthly Branches" in combination with the actual situation

1. Match twelve animals with twelve earthly branches to form the Year of the Zodiac. (See the picture below) If the word "zi" is included in the year of the main branch, it is the year of the rat, and all the people born in this year are "rats"; The Year of the Ox is a year of ugliness, and all people born in this year belong to the ox. And so on. (as shown in the following table)

Zodiac year

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 1 1 12

A rat, an ugly cow, a snake, a black horse, a sheep, a monkey, a chicken, a dog and a sea pig.

2. Twelve branches represent twelve o'clock.

There are twenty-four hours in a day, but in our tradition, it is represented by twelve hours, that is, one hour is two hours. (as shown in the following table)

24-hour and 12-hour comparison table

Ugly son, ugly son, ugly son, ugly son.

23-0 1:0 1-03:03-05 :05-07:07-09:09- 1 1

At noon, I didn't apply.

1 1- 13: 13- 15: 15- 17: 17- 19: 19-2 1:2 1-23

[Edited ...];

How to calculate the month of the lunar year? The lunar calendar is based on the laws of the moon's motion: the moon's orbit is called the white road, and the white road and the ecliptic road are two great circles on the celestial body, which intersect at five degrees and nine minutes. The moon revolves around the earth once, and people who appear on the ecliptic run twice. The calendar on the 27th is 7 hours and 43 minutes 1 1.5 seconds, which is the time required for the moon to revolve once, and it is called "sidereal moon". Only when the moon revolves around the earth, the position of the earth changes, counting forward more than 27 degrees, and the moon runs at the speed of 13 degrees 15 minutes every day, so it takes 29 days 12: 44: 2.8 to return to the moon. This is called "the first moon", which is called a month by custom, meaning

The lunar calendar is based on the changes of the moon's profit and loss. The period of the lunar month is twenty-nine or thirty days, and the length of a year is only an integer multiple of the month, which has nothing to do with the tropic of cancer. The moon in the lunar calendar refers to the period of about 29.5 solar days required for the moon to revolve around the earth. It is associated with the appearance of the moon and can show the changes of the moon round after round. The month has nothing to do with the four seasons. Greek calendars and hijri calendars belong to this kind of calendar. It is impossible to have a "double spring" or a "blind year" in a year.

The lunar calendar is based on the law of the earth's movement: the earth revolves around the sun once, that is, the moon revolves around the earth for 12 and a third weeks, and the number of months in a year cannot be odd zero, so there are only 354 days in 12 months in a year, which is about 1 1 day compared with the real year, and the total is three years and 33 days. Therefore, there must be a leap month every three years, leaving three days. Leap month is a month without festivals, leap year is a leap year, and leap year has thirteen months. A month is a leap month, and the name of the month depends on the name of the previous month. For example, the previous month is August, and the leap month is leap August. The average year is twelve months. There are 12 months in the lunar calendar, 354 or 355 days in the whole year, 13 months in leap years and 383 or 384 days in leap years.

Because the number of days in a month cannot be odd zero, a month in the lunar calendar is the 29th or 30th. Every month is headed by a new moon, which is the first day of the new moon. Every year, the new moon near beginning of spring is the beginning of the year.

How to calculate the lunar leap year? A leap year in the lunar calendar is a year that includes leap months.

We know that the total length of a tropical year is 365.2422 days, while the length of a lunar month is 29.5306 days, and the length of twelve lunar months is 29.5306× 12=354.3546 days, which is about ten days. If we don't make up for it, the Spring Festival may turn into summer in a few years.

In order to coordinate the contradiction between the tropic year and the lunar year, our ancestors found a way to add seven leap months to 19 on the basis of astronomical observation, that is, "the seventh leap month in nineteen years", which well coordinated the tropic year and the lunar year, and kept the New Year's Day (Spring Festival) of the lunar calendar in the late winter and early spring. At present, the method of setting leap is between two winter solstice days. If it is only 12 months, it is not a leap; if it is 13 months, it is a leap. The leap month begins on the "winter solstice". When the first month without "neutral spirit" appears, this month is a leap month, and its name is to add the word "leap" in front of the previous month.

What month is the lunar leap month? It depends on the 24 solar terms in a year.

The twenty-four solar terms of the China lunar calendar are divided into twelve solar terms and twelve solar terms, among which odd-numbered solar terms (such as beginning of spring) are called solar terms and even-numbered solar terms (such as rain) are called solar terms.

The lunar calendar takes the moon as the cycle (lunar calendar), and the December calendar has a total of about 354 days; Combined with the almanac (solar calendar), the almanac is compiled according to the four-season cycle formed by the revolution of the earth. The monthly calendar is shorter than the annual calendar by 1 1 day. Therefore, it is necessary to add 7 leap months every 19 years to make up for the error. It is up to 24 solar terms to decide which month is a leap month. Lunar months usually include a solar term and a neutral atmosphere, such as the autumnal equinox. If a lunar month has only solar terms and no neutral atmosphere, one more month will be added to the calendar as a leap month. For example, July of the lunar calendar in 2006 happened to be a month with solar terms but no neutral atmosphere, so the adjustment error was made in July.

The date of the twenty-four solar terms in the lunar calendar is postponed month by month, so in some lunar months, the qi falls at the end of the month and there will be no qi in the next month.

Generally speaking, there is no gas for one month every two years, which is consistent with the year when leap months are needed. Therefore, the lunar calendar stipulates that non-neutral months are leap months. Naturally, that month was a leap year. ...

How is the Lunar New Year calculated every year? The lunar calendar in our country is the lunar calendar. Is to consider the movement of the sun and the moon at the same time. Among them, 24 solar terms return completely according to the sun. Therefore, the Gregorian calendar date of each solar term is basically certain, while the lunar calendar date is far apart. But the lunar calendar is calculated according to the monthly profit and loss of the moon. As we all know, the new moon is always on the first day, looking forward to the fifteenth.

In Chinese lunar calendar, the beginning of a year is actually a household registration. When we say "Xu Bing Year" and "Jiazi Year", we should start from beginning of spring. This is the calculation of "time horoscope". Many people in China don't know this. But beginning of spring has nothing to do with the moon phase. The lunar month must start from the first day, that is, from the new moon. Therefore, the nearest new moon to beginning of spring is considered as the first day of the first month, that is, the Spring Festival. But this day is sometimes before beginning of spring and sometimes after beginning of spring. This is why there are often leap months in the lunar calendar.

How to calculate the date of the lunar calendar according to the date of the solar calendar: As mentioned above, the date of the lunar calendar is based on the full moon, which takes each new moon as the first day, the full moon as the fifteenth day (the 16th day of the big month) and the dark month as the 29th day (the 30th day of the big month). However, at present, the date of the solar calendar is usually used to express the time. If you want to convert the date of the solar calendar into the date of the lunar calendar, you can use the following two methods: one is to view the newly edited perpetual calendar, for example, what day is June 8 of the lunar calendar 1984? Turning to the perpetual calendar, June 10 is the first day of November in the lunar calendar, so it is inferred that June 8 is the ninth day of September in the lunar calendar. Secondly, we can use the following formula to calculate the lunar calendar date:

Suppose: the number of AD years-1977 (or1901) = 4q+r.

Then: Lunar date =14q+10.6 (r+1)+the day of the year-29.5n.

(Note: Q, R and N in the formula are all natural numbers. R how to calculate the lunar calendar? How many days are there in a year? Because the new moon is easier to observe than the tropic of cancer, almost all ancient calendars are lunar calendars. Because it takes 365 days for the earth to revolve around the sun once, but only about 354 days in the twelve months of the lunar calendar, the ancients solved this problem by adding leap months. The calendar of our country has been a kind of yin-yang calendar since ancient times. Because the first day of each month is a new moon and the fifteenth day is a full moon, it is easy to identify and use, so it is usually called the lunar calendar. Leaping moon is a way of calendar leap. In Asia (especially in China), the lunar leap month refers to the month added in each leap year in the lunar calendar (in order to coordinate the contradiction between the tropic year and the lunar year and prevent the lunar year from being out of touch with the tropic year and the four seasons, 1 leap and 19 set 7 leap every two to three years). Sometimes, a leap month also refers to a month that includes a leap day in a leap year (especially February in a leap year in the Gregorian calendar). Lunar leap month is a month that increases every leap year. In the lunar calendar, the length of the first lunar month (29.5306 days) is the average of one month, which is 65438+ February in the whole year, which is about1day and 2 1 hour different from the tropic year (365.2422 days), so it is leap in turn, one month in three years, two months in five years and seven in nineteen years. A leap month is called "leap month" after a certain month. For example, the last leap month in 2009 is May (June 23rd, 2009-July 2nd, 20091), and the upcoming leap month of 20 12 is April (20 12).