Research on Marriage Customs in Yan 'an, Shaanxi Province

Marriage Customs in Yan 'an, Shaanxi Province

First, choose relatives

At that time, from the age of 65,438+03, parents entrusted people to choose objects for their children, so as to understand the family background (usually three generations of ancestors pushed them up to get close to the road, whether there were people who smelled bad, outsiders, trumpeters, bearers, donkey pullers and so on). ), family style (generally refers to a family's behavior, and bad external influence means that its popularity is wrong), and the situation (mainly refers to money, food and things) is against the moon? Pilgrims) and so on. A suitable match is to invite a suitable middleman (that is, a matchmaker) to propose marriage. During this period, men and women don't know why, and they haven't met. It's different now. Young men and women can fall in love freely, and no one wants to play this trick. A few backward-thinking parents can only do it behind their backs.

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Second, propose marriage.

Generally speaking, a man proposes to a woman, even if her parents are in love, it is through a matchmaker, and the man's parents propose to her. At this point, the matchmaker played a leading role. After the other parents know the purpose, they know the root, family style, situation, personality, eight characters and so on. Through relatives and friends. See if they are suitable and come up with ideas. Through the news of the matchmaker, the matchmaker found that it was a small obstacle and had to say it with a golden tongue.

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Third, engagement.

With the consent of the matchmaker and parents, they chose an auspicious day (usually bimonthly and bimonthly) to hold the engagement ceremony. Generally, the north of the county is held in the man's house, and the south of the county is held in the woman's house. The man took out his cigarettes and drinks the wedding banquet wine, and the matchmaker announced it according to the money and goods agreed with both parents in advance? Bridal gift? And the bride price, money and property are given to the matchmaker by the man's parents, and the matchmaker gives them to the woman's parents. The woman also sends shoes, socks and belts to the man (that is, the new son-in-law) through the matchmaker. Folk call it shoes? Steady shoes? What is the belt? Long life belt? To show that marriage can be stable and long-lasting.

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Fourth, business talks.

If both men and women are of marriageable age and the man is ready to get married, the matchmaker will send a message. A few months before the wedding, the two sides will make an agreement on the wedding date, the bride's clothes and the wedding ceremony, and then the two sides will prepare for the wedding according to the agreement. A large part of the elderly farmers in Yan 'an believe in superstition and worship ghosts and gods. When you get married, be sure to ask Mr. Yin and Yang to see the birthday for good luck. Like what? March chicken, September pig, April and May rabbit? ; ? Snake flat rabbit, monkey chasing pig, two black years without saying hello? Wait a minute. In fact, this is just a mode that people imagine and restrain their behavior according to the zodiac, and there is no scientific basis. They set an auspicious day, and the man's family will give the woman a boxer paste to play in the class (put the written boxer paste in the underwear for the bride) and give it to the woman together with the bride price. In other words: the girl should get married!

Three days before the auspicious day, the bride went door to door to worship the clan elders, pour wine for the elders and drink for relatives and friends. The groom's father crowned his son. The next day, write on red paper? Birth name? Today, the value is weak, but also the official name? , posted on the door, said adults. At the same time, the woman's family began to close the house and invited her uncle and family. At this time, the girl to be married has been hiding in the boudoir, no longer showing her face, learning etiquette from her mother all day, making money and talking about the deep affection between mother and daughter. The girl's heart thumped like a rabbit, anxiously waiting for an auspicious day to get on the sedan chair, but when she was about to get on the sedan chair, she had to cry loudly to show her gratitude to her parents.

Verb (short for verb) will get married.

Marry in the folk, the man said? Leading (welcoming) daughter-in-law? , the woman said? Married woman? . In the past, it usually took three days to hold a happy event. On the first day, relatives and friends came to congratulate or help, saying? Gathering guests? . Hosted by the hired general manager, arrange partners (relatives, friends or visitors in the village) to do chores such as helping the kitchen and entertaining guests. Play manual music that night, and the happy event begins. After breakfast the next day, the wedding team was ready to leave. The wedding team is generally composed of seven people, including a woman (or aunt or sister-in-law), commonly known as aunt. (civil concern? Aunt won't send you if you're not welcome. ? )。 There must be a leader in the wedding team who understands etiquette and can speak eloquently. If the woman has a problem, she can handle it well and be good at solving it. Before leaving, she should prepare the bride's clothes, bedding, jewelry and silverware, steamed buns (10), pork (1 0), cakes (2 rolls), clear oil (half a bottle) and chopsticks. Everything is ready, three shots are fired, the drummer plays music in front, the mother-in-law is in the middle, and the rest of the people and animals follow. If every temple and village must ring and blow music; Blow the trumpet when crossing the river or the river. Zhang Hao? )。

In advance, the woman's family also made preparations according to the agreement, arranged dowry, prepared wine and rice, made an appointment with relatives and friends, and organized a team to send people away (usually composed of 8 people, including 2 women accompanying them, commonly known as? Give it to your aunt? )? Are you welcome? Upon arrival, a console table was set up in the yard of the woman's house, with cigarettes and alcohol on it. The housekeeper toasted the wedding host three times to show her welcome, and the wedding host explained everything she brought on the console table. What is this called? A gift? . After dinner, the head of the woman's family confessed the dowry to the leader who presided over the wedding, and doubled the box of money, pocket money, oil, noodles, chopsticks and so on. Everything is ready and ready to go. The bride wears a dowry and is blindfolded? Hijab? Get on the sedan chair (made of red quilt cover or red silk), greet the old aunt to get on the horse, first blow the trombone and blow her hand. The wedding procession takes the mother-in-law as the first, the bride as the center, and the mother-in-law as the last, in an orderly way. At this time, the suona sounded and swayed and walked out of the village. If someone makes trouble, they can put cigarettes and alcohol on the side of the road, the wedding procession must stop, and the piper will play three songs on the spot, three times and three times before releasing them.

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What will happen if the two teams meet in the same direction on the way? Grab the road? Custom. When grabbing the road, the leaders of both sides generally avoid disputes. After consultation, they often let the pioneers use needles to mark the way and point out a new way for the latecomers. If they meet, the brides will exchange belts or sewing kits, and both of them will make a new look with sewing strips. You must slow down when you enter the village. Blow your hand, or blow? Victory order? , or blow? Your legend? 、? Swing in line? Waiting for the music. The villagers are watching, very lively. At this point, the parents-in-law entered the bridal chamber and picked up the pillow and walked around. Have grandchildren? Is the family afraid of dragons, white and tigers? Rush to Xi? . Everything is ready, just waiting for the new person to enter the door.

After the welcome team enters the door, a special room will be set up for reception. What does the bride need? As a gift? Lead the groom to help the horse (or sedan chair)? Hijab? , two tandem on the red carpet to the bridal chamber (commonly known as? Accounting kiln? )。 Before that, the piper must go in and sign his name. Charge? . Immediately, a man sang and shouted with a bowl of wheat leaves, small money and whole grains? Share the bill? . After the couple enters the bridal chamber, a child carries water to wash the bride's face, and the bride wants to give some money as a reward. After the bride gets on the kang, she puts away things (such as needle and thread, walnuts, red dates, coins, etc.). ) is pressed on the four corners of the seat. Step on four corners? Sit behind the kang. then what As a gift? Sit at the table (eat? Eight bowls? )。 The groom wants to propose a toast and give gifts, and the leader who sees the bride off wants to pay back the money. Is this what makes people miserable? Folding seat? .

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After dinner, a ceremony was held. Hosted by my sister (husband) or aunt (husband), let the couple sit on the bucket back to back, put their hair together and sing while combing: Yun Zheyue with a wooden comb and those with a wooden comb. Three-wood comb couples always love each other, and four-wood comb is safe all year round. The new son-in-law is like Mu. Buckwheat root, corncob, a kiss at the sight. Raise a boy, be good, wear a gown and coat; The adopted daughter is smart, and the pomegranate peony is hinged. Walnut and jujube, both children ran all over the kang. A match made in heaven, husband and wife love each other for life. Immediately, red dates and walnuts fell from the couple's heads, and the couple scrambled to pick them up in their pockets. Then, the host will tie the bride's head into a bun, which means that married couples can grow old together. Later, my brother-in-law, uncle, old uncle and sworn brother also had sex (commonly known as? Sao room? ) is to let two new people make all kinds of affectionate actions in public. The guests took the stage and the newcomers performed, which made the audience laugh. After the trouble, the mother-in-law stuffed the child's steamed stuffed bun through the window, hoping to have a grandson as soon as possible. Tonight? Accounting room? The light should be on all night.

The next morning, the young couple ate their children's flat food and held it after dinner? Worship people? Ritual and? Bright box? And the ceremony to see the mother-in-law that day, the man saw the guests off, the bride returned to the door, and the groom brought wedding gifts. The next day, the young couple were sent back by their parents-in-law. Send it back to the ground? . After eight days, the bride needs to stay with her parents for seven days before coming back. Seven against eight? .

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These are the more traditional wedding customs in Yan 'an, and wedding ceremonies are conducted in most areas according to these five procedures.