High mountain and flowing water, Boya middle stage

The allusion of "high mountains and flowing water" was first seen in Liezi Tang Wen. In people's practice of using allusions, this allusions has gradually developed into more than 70 allusions, such as lofty music, knowing each other well, hard to find a bosom friend, losing a bosom friend, carefree feelings and so on. And there is also the phenomenon that allusions are used backwards.

"Mountain Flowing Water", a China guqin song, belongs to one of the top ten ancient songs in China. It is said that Boya, a pianist in the pre-Qin period, once played the piano on a barren land, but Zhong Ziqi, a woodcutter, could understand that this was a description of "towering like Mount Tai" and "surging like a river". Boya was shocked: "Well, the child's heart is the same as mine." After Zhong Ziqi's death, Boya lost her bosom friend, broke the piano, and never played it for life, so there was a song of high mountains and flowing water.

"High mountains and flowing water" is a metaphor for bosom friends and music. Later generations are divided into two songs: Mountain and Running Water. There is also A Zheng's song "Mountain Flowing Water" with the same name, which has no inheritance relationship with Guqin music.

Idioms and their stories

At that time, there was a scholar in the state of Chu, surnamed Bo, who was famous and elegant. He likes playing the piano very much. He learned it from a gentleman named Liancheng when he was a child. Boya is brilliant and has made great progress in piano, but it is difficult to capture the charm of music.

One day, the teacher said to Boya, "Do you want me to take you to a fairy teacher to enlighten you?"

Happily agreed and took Qin to Penglai Mountain in the East China Sea by boat. The teacher told him to sit down and rest and go to the teacher himself.

Boya is in this tall and lush Shan Ye, but she hasn't seen her teacher come back for a long time, so she looks along a mountain road. Bypassing a hill, I don't want to see a strange sight hanging in front of me: it's really a waterfall in the clouds, a clear spring in the fog, a splash like pearls, and a sound echoing like Yue Xian. Boyaton felt that his eyes were wide open and his inspiration surged, so he sat on the floor and played the piano, which became a wonderful piece of music. Suddenly, the teacher's voice came from behind: "Ha ha, ha ha? Stone is now discovered by you. "

Boya suddenly realized that the teacher was talking about nature. According to legend, two guqin songs, Shuixiancao and Mountain Flowing Water, were written by Boya at that time. Since then, his piano skills have reached a state of perfection, but he has never found a bosom friend.

Later, Boya went to Jin State to become a doctor. One day, he was ordered to go to Chu. Because of the strong wind, we had to stop at the mouth of Hanyang River. After a calm, a Mid-Autumn Moon wandered out of the clouds. Boya stood at the bow, looked up at the bright moon, looked down at the water waves on the river, and the piano sounded one after another, so he played. At the end of the song, a woodcutter suddenly jumped out of the grass. He was surprised at Boya's piano skills.

Bo Ya was surprised and asked, "You can play the piano. Can you know the pros and cons of the piano? "

The woodcutter looked at the piano and replied, "This piano is called a lyre. It's made in Fu, and it's made from the middle part of a good mulberry tree. Its tree must be three feet high and cut into three sections. The sound in the upper section is too clear, and the sound in the lower section is too turbid, only in the middle section, with both clarity and turbidity. After that, the wood was soaked in water for 72 days. On a good day, it was carved into a musical instrument.

At first, this piano had five strings, the outside was gold, wood, water, fire and earth, and the inside was palace, business, horn, sign and feather. Later, Zhou Wenwang added a string called Wen Xian, and Zhou Wuwang added a string called Wu Xian. Therefore, this kind of piano is also called the military and civilian lyre. "

Hearing this, Boya was completely convinced, and then he tuned his strings and played the piano again, sometimes majestic and sometimes comfortable and smooth. From time to time, the woodcutter said, "Well, I am as tall as Mount Tai." Sometimes he said, "Good! The ocean is like a river. "

Boya was overjoyed. He gave the piano a push and saluted. He asked, "Wise man of the world, what's your name?" The woodcutter returned the gift and said, "My surname is Zhong, which is a mean word." Boya sighed. "We all know each other all over the world, but how many people can know each other?" That is, the boy was ordered to burn incense and light candles and become brothers with the child. Next Mid-Autumn Festival, we will meet again here.

The following Mid-Autumn Festival, Boya arrived as scheduled. Who had expected that at this time, he was separated from his good friend Yin and Yang, and his son had left him. Boya played a song "Mountain Stream and Running Water" in front of the tomb of the little chef of Hippo, and cried at the touch of the piano. At the end of the song, the string was broken with a knife. Looking up at the sky again, he sighed, "Who am I playing for when my bosom friend is away?" After that, the piano hit the altar and the string was broken. Later generations felt it, and built a piano platform at Guishanwei and Yuehu Lake in Hanyang as a souvenir.

According to records, Boyatai was built in the Northern Song Dynasty, rebuilt in the Qing Dynasty, and restored after liberation. There is the word "Qintai" on the front of the stele gallery, which is said to have been written by calligraphers in the Northern Song Dynasty. Nowadays, Boya terraces, which have experienced wind and rain, have become an important scenic spot in Hanyang. The hall is resplendent and magnificent. In front of the hall is a piano platform made of white marble, which is said to be Boya's violin.

When you stand quietly in the distance, among the lakes, mountains and flowers, you will see four words written on the forehead of the gate of the stele gallery: high mountains and flowing water. It has become a call, echoing in our ears forever!

Extended data

Boya

Full name: Yu Boya, a doctor of the State of Jin during the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, was born in Du Ying, the state of Chu (now Jingzhou, Hubei).

After textual research, it was originally named Bo and said its surname was Yu Mingrui. The word was created by Feng Menglong, a novelist in the late Ming Dynasty. Before that, Cao Qin and other books were called Boya. Gaoyou in the Eastern Han Dynasty noted: "Bo Shi, tooth name, or elegance", and the modern etymology also noted: "Bo Shi, tooth name". Bo was a very common surname in ancient times, such as Bo Yi who didn't eat, and Bole who was good at horse racing in Qin Dynasty.

Boya was a famous pianist at that time, who was good at playing lyre and had superb skills. He is not only an expert in piano performance, but also a composer, and is regarded as the "piano fairy". Xunzi's "Persuade to Learn" said that "Boya plays the drum and the piano, and the six horses are behind". "Cao Qin" records that after three years of unsuccessful piano learning, the teacher took him to Penglai Mountain in the East China Sea to listen to the sound of surging sea water and the whining of birds, so he wrote "Water Cao Xian" with emotion.

There are many records in the literature of past dynasties, which were first seen in Liezi written by Zheng Ren in the Warring States Period: Good at drums and good at listening. Boya guqin, aiming at climbing mountains. Zhong Ziqi said, "Good! If you are like Mount Tai! " Zhong Ziqi made up his mind to run by water and said, "Good! Like a river! "Boya said, Zhong Ziqi will understand.

Boya swims in the shadow of Mount Tai. When he encounters a rainstorm, he stops under a rock. The sadness of the soul is to beat the drum with the help of the piano. At the beginning, it was Lin Yu's operation that made the voice of mountain collapse louder. Every time a song is played, Zhong Ziqi needs to be poor for its benefit. Boya gave up the piano and sighed, "Good! Very good! Listen to your husband's ambition and imagine that you are still in my heart. Why should I escape? "

Xunzi's "Persuading Learning" is also called "Boya Guqin and Liu Ma Yang Ke", which shows his superb piano playing skills.

Liezi and Lv Chunqiu contain stories about Boya and Zhong Ziqi, which are told by later generations. "Cao Qin" and "Solving Problems in Yuefu" recorded the story of Boya learning piano: Mr. Cheng Lian, a famous pianist, was Boya's teacher and studied piano with Cheng Lian for three years, but he didn't make much progress.

Cheng Lian said that he could only teach piano skills, but his teacher Wan Zichun was good at empathy, so he took Boya to the East China Sea to ask Wan Zichun for empathy methods. But when Boya arrived in the East China Sea, he didn't see Wan Zichun, only saw the surging waves, the deep mountains and the singing birds. Boya's heart suddenly lit up and said with emotion, "Mr. touched my feelings!" So he created "Shuixian Cao".

zhong zi qi

Zhong Ziqi, name emblem, word sub-period. In the Spring and Autumn Period, he was a native of Chu (now Hanyang, Hubei). According to legend, Zhong Ziqi was a woodcutter, wearing a hemp fiber hat and carrying a heavy load and an axe on his back.

In the 15th year of Guangxu in Qing Dynasty (1889), Hanyang County ordered Huamou to erect a monument, which was destroyed in the Cultural Revolution. Fixed at 1980. The tomb is circular, with a height of 1.5m and a bottom diameter of 8m, and is surrounded by stone walls. The monument is 1.5 meters high and 0.7 meters wide, with the inscription "Zhong Ziqi's Tomb of Chu Yinxian". 1987, a bosom friend pavilion was built in front of the tomb, with a reinforced concrete structure, square and four columns, and a roof supported by mountains, with railings at the bottom except the front.

The tomb pavilion faces south, facing the mountain and facing the lake. The mountains are lush with pines, the grass is lush below, the lake is green and rippling, and the water in Feng Ming is like a harp.

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