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Scientific name: cherry

Japanese name: サクラ/

English name: Cherry Blossom

Spanish name: cherry

Alias: Sakura Mountain, Sakura Fukushima, Sakura Green Skin, etc. It belongs to Rosaceae, a deciduous tree. Bark is purple-brown, smooth and shiny, with horizontal stripes. Flowers alternate with leaves, ovoid or obovate-elliptic, with awn teeth on the edge, sharp and glandular apex, dark green shiny surface and slightly pale back. Stipules are needle-shaped, with serrated edges and glands at the crack end. Each branch has three to five flowers, which are umbrella-shaped, the sepals are horizontally spread, and the petals are notched, white and red. March flowers bloom with the leaves open or behind them. The nucleus is spherical, red at first, then purple-brown, and mature in July. It is the national flower of Japan.

Classification of families and genera

Field: the field of plants

Phylum: Angiosperm phylum

Category: Dicotyledonous plants

Order: Rosales

Family: Rosaceae

Subdivision: Li Yake

Genus: cherry

Origin and main distribution

It is native to the temperate Himalayan region in the northern hemisphere, including northern India, the Yangtze River valley in China, Taiwan Province Province in China, Korea and Japan. It is the most abundant in the mountainous areas in southwest China and cultivated in all parts of North China. It is cultivated all over the world, among which Japanese cherry blossoms are the most famous, with more than 200 varieties. Therefore, Japan is called "the country of cherry blossoms".

Common species of the same genus

1, Japanese cherry blossom (yew mat. ), the skin is dark gray and dry, the leaves are ovate, the apex or tail tip is gradually pointed, the edge has awn-shaped fine-pointed double serrations, the teeth end has glands, and the upper end of the petiole has two glands. The stipules are strip-shaped with glandular teeth, with many petals, white, pink or rose-red flowers, and the drupe is spherical with a diameter of about 65438+. ② Pink Japanese cherry, double, medium pink.

2. Sawtooth leafhopper, also known as green cherry. Dry skin is millet-colored, leaves are elliptic and lanceolate, the apex is often tail-shaped, the edge is tapered with single or double serrations, the teeth have glandular spines, the surface of leaves is light green and smooth, the back is slightly covered with white powder, with midvein hairs, and young leaves are often brown. Petiole has 2-4 glands, single or double flowers, white or pink, oval fruit, black when mature. It is a native species of China, mostly wild in mountainous areas of North China. Rapid growth, strong germination ability, smoke resistance, often used as the rootstock of cherry, its nucleolus can be used as medicine.

morphological character

Crown ovoid to round, leaves alternate, glandular serrate. Single branch or 3-6 clusters of flowers are umbrella-shaped or umbrella-shaped inflorescences, which are produced at the same time with leaves or bloom after leaves. The calyx tube is bell-shaped or tubular, and most cultivated varieties are double petals. The fruit is red or black and ripens in May-June.

Growth habit

Nature likes sunshine and warm and humid climate, and the requirements for soil are not strict, but loose and fertile sandy loam with good drainage grows best and is intolerant of saline-alkali soil. The root system is shallow, avoiding stagnant water and low-lying land. It has certain cold tolerance and drought tolerance, but it is weak in smoke resistance and wind resistance.

Common cultivated species

1, Pterocarya stenoptera, deciduous trees. About 5-25 meters high. The bark is dark chestnut brown, smooth and shiny, with horizontal stripes. Branchlets glabrous. The leaves are ovoid to ovoid-elliptic, with awn semi-mature teeth on the edge and no hair on both sides. Corymbose or raceme with white or pink flowers. The diameter is 2.5-4cm, and the flowering period is April-May. Prismatic fruit is spherical, black and ripe in July.

2. Japanese late cherry (P.lannesiana), about 10 m high, with light gray bark. Leaves obovate, with long awn teeth on the edge; Single or double flowers, drooping, pink or nearly white, fragrant, 2-5 in clusters, flowering in April.

3. Japanese early cherry (P.subhirtella) is a small tree, about 5m high, with striped bark and older bark. Branchlets brown, leaves obovate to ovate-lanceolate. Pink flowers, 2-2.5 cm in diameter, 2-5 umbels, which bloom first and then leave in spring.

4. Korean pine, height 12-20m, brown bark, purplish brown branchlets and oval leaves. Pink flowers, 2-4 in a cluster, 3-5 cm in diameter, flowering in March-April.

5. Sakura yunnanensis, about10m high, with brown bark, purplish brown branchlets, oval or obovate leaves and heavy teeth. Flowers pink to deep red, 2-5 in a cluster, flowering in February-March.

6. It is about 25 meters high, with light brown bark, green branchlets, long oval to lanceolate leaves and pink flowers. The flowering period is from 65438+ 10 to 65438+ 10 in the following year.

7, Sakura: more wild, small flowers, single petals, white or pink, pedicels and flowers hairless.

8. Hairy cherry: The shape is basically the same as that of hairy cherry, but the leaves, stalks and flowers are hairy.

9. Re-distinguish white cherry blossoms: white flowers with double petals are the main cultivated varieties.

10, double red cherry blossom: pink, double.

1 1, red and white cherry blossoms: light red flowers, double petals.

12, magnificent cherry blossoms: the flowers are reddish, the petals are straight, the flowers are large and the pedicels are long.

13, drooping cherry blossoms: pink flowers, double petals, open and drooping branches.

type

Sowing, cutting and grafting are the main breeding methods. Cherry blossoms are propagated by sowing. Be careful not to dry the seeds. They should be planted in the harvest season or the following spring after wet sand accumulates. Grafting propagation can use cherry and mountain cherry seedlings as rootstocks. Cutting in late March or budding in late August can be cultivated for 3-4 years after grafting, and can be planted after leaving the nursery. When planting, apply decomposed compost 1.5 kg -25 kg to each pit, and apply ammonium sulfate 1 kg -2 kg to each plant in July. After flowering in early spring and before germination, cut off dead branches, weak branches and long branches, try to avoid pruning thick branches and keep the crown intact.

Training and management

1. Soil requirements and improvement measures

Cherry blossoms grow well in sandy loam and clayey loam with more humus (pH5.5-6.5). In places with heavy soil in the south, humus soil (collected from leaves, acid soil, chicken manure and carbon powder retting) is generally mixed. Note that all the original clay blocks must be broken before mixing, otherwise it will not improve the soil. Where the groundwater level is lower than 1 m, the high planting method is adopted, that is, after the whole planting hole is leveled, soil is piled on it to plant seedlings. In the northern alkaline soil, it is necessary to apply sulfur powder or ferrous sulfate to adjust the pH value to about 6. Apply 2 grams of sulfur powder per square meter, valid for 1 to 2 years, and measure it once a year, so that the pH value does not exceed 7. Plum blossom, Inoue Yoshino and other varieties have straight trunks and large trees, which belong to strong positive trees and need shelter from the wind, sunshine, ventilation and light transmission. When planting in pieces, every tree should receive sunlight.

2. Planting measures

The planting time is immediately after the soil is thawed in early spring, usually in February and March. Prepare the soil carefully before planting. Planting in the flat land can dig a pit with a diameter of 1 m and a depth of 0.8 m. First, fill the pit with improved soil for about half a depth, and put the seedlings in the center of the pit so that the roots of the seedlings extend in all directions. After filling a small amount of soil, lift the seedlings slightly upward to fully extend the roots, and then tread lightly. The depth of planting seedlings should be 5 cm from the ground. After planting, make a water hole, fully irrigate it, and finally support it with bamboo pieces almost as high as the seedlings to prevent the wind from blowing down.

3. Management measures

Drought resistance: after sowing, seedlings are susceptible to drought. During the planting period, in addition to adequate irrigation, it should be irrigated once every 8 ~ 10 days to keep the soil moist without water accumulation. Loosen the soil in time after irrigation, and it is best to cover the surface with grass to reduce water evaporation. In 2 to 3 years after planting, in order to prevent the trunk from drying up, it can be wrapped with straw. But after two to three years, the seedlings grow new roots and their adaptability to the environment is gradually enhanced, so there is no need to wrap grass.

Growth period management: apply fertilizer to cherry blossoms twice a year, with acid fertilizer as the best. One is winter fertilizer, and organic fertilizers such as bean cake, chicken manure and decomposed fertilizer are applied in winter or early spring; On another occasion, quick-acting fertilizers such as ammonium sulfate, ferrous sulfate and calcium superphosphate were applied after flowering. Generally, the method of fertilizing cherry trees can be adopted, that is, digging an annular groove with a depth of about 10 cm at the edge of the crown: orthogonal projection line, and fertilizing. This method is not only simple, but also beneficial to root absorption. In the future, with the growth of trees, the diameter and depth of the annular groove for fertilization will also increase. Cherry blossoms have shallow roots and need good drainage and ventilation. Therefore, it is forbidden for people, livestock and cars to stabilize the soil around trees, especially within the distribution range of roots. Pedestrian trampling will weaken the tree, shorten its life, and even lead to rotten roots and death.

Pruning and maintenance: Pruning is mainly to cut off dead branches, trailing branches, overlapping branches and pests and diseases. In addition, when many branches grow on the trunk of the big cherry tree, some robust branches should be kept and the rest should be cut off from the base to facilitate ventilation and light transmission. The pruned branches should be disinfected with drugs in time to prevent bacteria from invading after rain and causing rot. After a long period of sun exposure, the bark of cherry blossoms is easy to age and damage, causing rot, so it should be removed and disinfected in time. After that, the rotten part was wrapped with humus and carbon powder to promote its normal physiological function.

Pests and diseases and their control

Cherry blossoms should mainly prevent gummosis, nodule disease, aphids, red spiders, scale insects and other pests. Gummosis is caused by moths drilling into tree trunks to lay eggs. We can dig out eggs with sharp knives, improve soil and strengthen water and fertilizer management. Nodular nodule disease will cause the roots of diseased trees to fail to grow normally, and the trees are still not strong no matter how fertilized. Tumor should be removed in time, soil should be disinfected, and humus soil, charcoal powder and microorganisms should be used to improve the soil. For aphids, red spiders, scale insects and other pests, prevention should be given priority to, spraying drugs 3 ~ 4 times a year, the first time before flowering, the second time after flowering, and the third time in July and August.

There are many kinds of cherry blossom diseases and insect pests, and the common diseases and insect pests are described as follows:

I. Perforation brown spot disease

May-June, the leaves appear purple-brown spots, and then gradually expand into a circle, and the diseased spots become pores after drying and shrinking. Most bacteria overwinter on diseased leaves, and the optimum development temperature is 25 ~ 28℃. When the trees are weak, the drainage is not smooth, and the ventilation and light transmission are poor, the rainy season is conducive to infection.

Prevention and control methods:

(1) Strengthen cultivation management, prune reasonably, pay attention to pruning diseased branches, clean diseased leaves in time and burn them to create clean growth conditions for plants.

(2) The sulfur mixture with 3-5 Baume can be sprayed before the new buds germinate, and 1.60 times Bordeaux solution or 1.000-2.000 times 50% wettable powder or 1.05% zineb solution can be sprayed during the onset period.

Second, leaf blight

In summer, yellow-green circular spots appeared on the leaves, then turned brown and scattered in small black spots. The diseased leaves died but did not fall off.

Prevention and control methods:

(1) Remove diseased leaves and burn them, and spray Bordeaux solution before germination.

(2) Spraying 500 times of 65% zineb wettable powder from May to June, once every 7- 10 days and 2-3 times.

Third, root cancer.

It mainly occurs at the base of the trunk, sometimes at the root neck or lateral roots. Tumors are produced in the affected area, which are milky white or fleshy at the beginning, and gradually become brown or dark brown, spherical, with rough and uneven surface and cracks. After infection, the root system is underdeveloped, the fine roots are few, the overground parts grow slowly, and the tree is weak. In severe cases, the leaves turn yellow, fall off early, and even the whole plant dies.

Prevention and control methods:

(1) Seedlings infected with root cancer must be destroyed centrally. Before planting, it is best to soak the seedlings in 1% copper sulfate for 5 ~ 10 minutes, and then wash them with clear water before planting.

(2) If a diseased plant is found, the cancer and its surrounding tissues can be completely removed with a knife saw.

(3) The soil around the diseased plant can also be disinfected by spraying sulfur powder at a dose of 50g/m2 to100g. At the same time pay attention to soil improvement.

App application

Cherry blossoms are fragrant and colorful, and are important ornamental trees in early spring. They are usually used for garden viewing, planting in groups, or planting on hillsides, courtyards, roadsides and in front of buildings. When it is in full bloom, the flowers are many and gorgeous, and the trees are full of brilliance, like clouds, which is extremely spectacular. It can be planted in a large area to create a "flower sea" landscape. 35-35 clusters can be dotted in the green space to form a brocade group, or they can be planted alone to form the painting meaning of "a little red among evergreen trees". Cherry blossoms can also be used as street trees, hedges or bonsai. In addition, bark and fresh young leaves can be used medicinally. Some people in Japan grind cherry blossom petals into nectar to make jam and seasoning.

Exploration of cherry blossoms

The first traces of cherry blossoms appeared in the Himalayas (reference:

Sakura Sword). Since then, this species has been introduced into northern India, Yangtze River valley in China, southwest China, Taiwan Province Province, South Korea and Japan. These areas, especially Japan, have become relatively independent places for the development of cherry blossom varieties. Because Japanese cherry blossoms are famous and have cultivated the best varieties in the world, cherry blossoms refer to Japanese cherry blossoms or cherry blossom varieties with Japanese characteristics to a certain extent.

According to the Cherry Blossom Mirror, Japanese cherry blossoms first came from the Himalayas in China. The spread of cherry blossoms is as radioactive as all living things. Yunnan, close to the Himalayan region, is one of the earliest beneficiary areas. Yunnan cherry blossoms are also famous. This leads to another Japanese legend that the ancestors of Japanese cherry blossoms were brought back from Yunnan by monks, just as some Japanese insist that their ancestors are Yunnan Bai people. However, cherry blossoms spread from the Himalayas to Japan, which is more credible.

"Sakura Dajian" also said that after Himalayan cherry blossoms were introduced to Japan, with careful cultivation, Japan's varieties continued to increase and became a rich cherry blossom family. After becoming the national flower of Japan, it has been nurtured and cultivated, and there are more ornamental varieties. However, some cherry blossoms originated in Himalaya still grow in Japan, such as Joe and Fei. Yunnan cherry blossoms and Japanese cherry blossoms belong to the same genus. It evolved from the original bitter cherry in Tengchong and Longling, and is a variety. Flowers change from single to double, and the color changes from light pink to dark pink. This color is the difference from the highly appreciated Japanese cherry blossoms. The flowers of Japanese cherry blossoms are mostly pale pink.

This is also related to the fact that the name Sakura is not recorded in China ancient books. Because the shapes of cherry blossoms and cherries are very similar, the ancient descriptions are rather vague, and the ancient cherry blossoms are not as well known as other famous flowers, but they can still be found in ancient books. Bai Juyi's poem "A new cherry tree is planted in a small garden, so you can swim around the flowers" describes the scene of cherry blossoms in full bloom. Cherry blossoms are mentioned in Yu Ruoying's poems in the Ming Dynasty: "The rain is thin in March, and cherry blossoms are suspected of apricot blossoms."

It has been found that cherry blossoms have existed in northern India since ancient times.

Cherry blossom varieties

1, cold cherry

These flowers are small, red and single. If the climate is warmer, cherry blossoms will bloom around 5438+ 10 in mid-June. So it is nicknamed Rehai Sakura, presumably a mixture of cold Sakura and mountain Sakura.

2. Cold cherry blossoms in Xiushan Temple

The medium-sized single purple cherry blossom growing in the courtyard of Xiuchan Temple in Izu Peninsula should be a mixture of Hanfei cherry blossom and Oshima cherry blossom.

3. Cold cherry blossoms

The flowers are small, with purple petals, and some wild cherry blossoms grow in Chinese mainland to Taiwan Province Province, so they are also called scarlet cherry blossoms in Taiwan Province Province. Flowers are fishing bells, and when combined with them, they show a special feeling.

4. Hejin Sakura

The flowers are medium-sized, reddish-purple, single, and grow in the early spring cherry blossoms in Hejin Town, Izu Peninsula. It is supposed to be a mixture of cold cherry and Oshima cherry.

5.sakura Oshima

The flower is large, white and single. Growing in Izushima and Fangzong Peninsula, it is a wild cherry blossom with strong sea breeze. Cherry leaves used in cherry cake are the leaves of this kind of cherry blossoms.

6.daisy cherry

The flower is very small, like the petals of a white chrysanthemum. It is a small cherry blossom of Odin cherry blossom family, which grows in Miyahiko Shrine in Niigata Prefecture. The number of petals exceeds 100, which is precious and rare.

7.cherry blossoms

The flowers are moderate in size, white to reddish, and they are representative wild cherry blossoms that have been deeply loved since ancient times. The colors of new buds blooming with flowers are very diverse, which makes the scenery in Shan Ye more beautiful.

8. American cherry blossoms

The flower is medium in size and reddish in single petal, which is a variety cultivated by Yoshino Inoue in the United States. Originally known as Shu, it was renamed its present name because there were cherry blossoms of the same name in Japan.

9. Meihu Temple hangs several beads of cherry blossoms.

The flowers are very big, like pink chrysanthemum petals. The legendary cherry blossoms related to relatives in Lu 'an and the cherry trees in Hu Mei Temple in Jinglai Village, Niigata County have been designated as national natural relics.

10, Great Cold Sakura

The flowers are medium in size, red and single. This is a beautiful cherry blossom, which grows in Anxing, Qiyu County, also known as Anxing Han Ying, and blooms about a week earlier than Yanjing Yoshino.

1 1, and Liuyuan Chrysanthemum Sakura.

The flowers are very big, like pink chrysanthemum petals, growing in the cherry blossoms of Kanazawa and Liuyuan, with more than 300 petals.

12, cherry blossoms in October

The flowers are medium flowers, red, with multi-layered petals. They bloom from about 10, and bloom again in the next spring, twice a year.

13, Sakura Nara

This flower is a kind of Chinese flower with red multi-layer petals, belonging to Xia Ying family. The cherry tree growing in Chisokuin, Nara Prefecture has been designated as a national nature reserve.

14, opposite Edo

The flowers are small, red and single. This kind of cherry blossom has a long life. It is estimated that Brandon Sakura (Wuchuan Village, Yamanashi Prefecture) and Modan Sakura (Genwei Village, Qibu County) in Gao Shan have lived for more than 65,438+0,000 years.

15, winter cherry

Sakura Mountain Park in Shi Gui Town, Gunma County is planted with white petals and medium flowers, which bloom twice a year (in spring and autumn respectively). Among them, Sanbochuan Winter Sakura is the most famous.

16, Yongyuan Temple

The flowers are large, white and have multiple petals. It is a cherry blossom growing in the courtyard of Yongyuan Temple in Shiga County. The flowers are very big, and the strict color is white.

17, Huwei, the former city

This flower is medium-sized, reddish, with multiple petals, and grows in the original cherry blossoms in Jing Zuo, Kyoto. Because the branches extend outward for a long time and the flowers grow as dense as tiger tails, Otani Guangrui named them the original tiger tails.

Taibai 18

The flowers are large and white. 1932 The cherry blossoms presented to Japan by British cherry blossom researchers have become extinct in Japan. Taibai was named by Hideki Nosuke, Duke of Yuan Dynasty.

19, Royal Yellow

Flowers are medium-sized, yellow-green multi-layered petals, which have been widely known since ancient times and have a rare color of cherry blossoms.

20, loose month

Flowers are large and reddish, with multiple petals. The cherry blossoms that used to grow in Arakawa dike in Tokyo are very beautiful eight-fold cherry blossoms.

2 1, sister is back

The cherry blossom in Hirano shrine in Kyoto has two pistils, and actually bears two, hence the name.

22. Guanshan

Flowers are large, deep red and have multiple petals. It is a representative variety of Bachongying, which is also widely planted in Europe and America. In addition, the salt petals of this cherry are also used in cherry soup.

Why are cherry blossoms the national flower of Japan?

Let cherry blossom become the national flower, because it is a symbol of love and hope. According to legend, a long time ago, there was a Japanese fairy named "Hua Mu Ji Ye" (meaning cherry blossom). On June 5438+065438+ 10, the fairy set off from Okinawa, passing through Kyushu, Kansai and Kanto, and arrived in Hokkaido in May of the following year. Along the way, she planted a flower symbolizing love and hope in every corner. In memory of this fairy, the local people named this flower "Sakura", and Japan became "the country of Sakura".

Cherry blossoms are warm, pure and noble. This is the first time to bring the breath of spring to the Japanese people after the severe winter. The Japanese government has designated March 15 to April 15 as the "Cherry Blossom Festival" every year. In this flower viewing season, people bring their relatives, invite friends, sit on the floor under the cherry trees with wine and vegetables, and enjoy the cherry blossoms while drinking. It is really a great pleasure in life.

Cherry blossoms have a history of 1000 years in Japan. In Nara period (7 10-794), when it comes to flowers, it means plum blossom. In Heian period (794- 1 192), cherry blossoms became the leading role, and there were five times more songs about cherry blossoms than Yongmei flowers. And there have been cherry blossom viewing activities in Japan for a long time. In the 7th century, Emperor Zhi Zhi was particularly fond of cherry blossoms and visited yoshinoyama in Nara many times. In addition, it is said that the first cherry blossom viewing conference in Japanese history was held under the auspices of Emperor Emei in the 9th century. At first, cherry blossom viewing was only popular among dignitaries, and it didn't spread to ordinary people until the Edo period (1603- 1867), forming a traditional folk custom.

Cherry blossoms have a short life span. There is a folk proverb in Japan that says: "Cherry blossoms last for seven days", that is, it takes about seven days for a cherry blossom to bloom and wither, and about 16 days for a whole cherry tree to bloom and wither, which forms the characteristics of cherry blossoms blooming and falling. It is this feature that makes cherry blossoms so attractive. Being honored as the national flower is not only because of its charm and charm, but more importantly, its "heroic" withering after its brief glory.

If you want to ask the soul of Yamato, look at the cherry blossoms in the morning sun. "Japanese people think that life is short, live as brightly as cherry blossoms, and leave decisively even if you die. When the cherry blossoms fall, they are spotless and crisp, and are honored as the Japanese spirit.

Sakura is the most popular flower variety in Japan. Snow-like cherry blossoms symbolize the gorgeous and short-lived aesthetic of Japanese Bushido. In Japanese, "cherry blossom time" refers to the season when cherry blossoms are in full bloom, that is, spring. When cherry blossoms are in full bloom in spring, go to the most splendid place of cherry blossoms, while eating sushi and drinking Japanese wine, while intoxicated with the flying "flowers blowing snow?" はなふぶき) is the most important thing for Japanese people in a year.

Enjoy cherry blossoms and write "Flower Room" in Japanese. Huajian is a unique way to enjoy flowers in Japan. Whenever the cherry blossom season begins in spring, people gather in cherry blossom viewing places all over the country and sit under pink and white trees. Everyone cheered and sang, laughed and laughed about spring, and captured the splendid spring. With such an original Yamato style, the word "Huajian" is even accepted as an English proper noun, meaning a Japanese cherry blossom feast. Japanese people have enjoyed cherry blossoms for a long time, and it is generally believed that it originated from the cherry blossom banquet held in heian period Palace. In the third year of Qing Dynasty (1598), Toyotomi Hideyoshi held a flower viewing party at Daiguo Temple in Kyoto on March 15, which was unprecedented and famous in history. However, Hua Jian became a Japanese civilian in the middle of the year after the Edo era.

Japanese cherry blossoms are in full bloom in April, and cherry trees can be seen everywhere in parks and streets, making bonsai-like Japan more beautiful.

As the national flower of Japan, cherry blossoms are deeply loved by Japanese and tourists. At present, there are more than 300 kinds of cherry blossoms in Japan. Cherry blossoms bloom in April, from south to north in turn. The earliest cherry blossoms can be seen in Okinawa, and the latest cherry blossoms are Hokkaido, the coldest place in Japan. The flowering period of cherry blossoms is not long, and the blooming time is usually 10 day, just like a pink cloud drifting across Japan from south to north.

When cherry blossoms are in full bloom, you can smell faint flowers and enjoy red, pink and white cherry blossoms at the flower viewing places in parks and streets. At this time, large and small "cherry blossom festivals" will be held all over Japan. Relatives and friends will sit around the cherry trees, take out lunch boxes, drink champagne or sake, talk and laugh, and the petals will drift with the breeze from time to time. People who appreciate flowers, whether they know them or not, will nod their heads from time to time and even exchange food. It is not so much a flower viewing as a real "family day" and "friendship day". It is no wonder that the Japanese enjoy it, and some companies even list cherry blossom viewing as their "designated project".

In Japan, the most distinctive place to enjoy cherry blossoms is Hakone-CHO. In this scenic tourist resort, you can not only enjoy cherry blossoms while soaking in hot springs, but also overlook the quiet and beautiful Mount Fuji.

Hakone-CHO, located 90 kilometers west of Tokyo, is one of the most representative tourist attractions in Japan, surrounded by peaks. As early as 400,000 years ago, Hakone-machiyama, a conical volcano similar to Mount Fuji, was formed. Later, due to the subsidence of the central part, a large volcanic vent was formed, and the water in the crater formed a deer lake with bright eyes and white teeth. Now in the center of Hakone-machiyama, visitors can still see the scenery of steam and sulfur smoke. As a national park designated by Japan, Hakone-CHO still has many places of interest worth visiting.

In April, when spring comes to Hakone-CHO, cherry blossoms bloom from the foothills, slopes and tops of Hakone-CHO. Due to the long flowering period, tourists can enjoy cherry blossoms for a long time. The steaming, smoky Japanese open-air hot springs and antique Japanese small hotels everywhere in Hakone Town attract a large number of tourists to visit here every year.

In the spring of Japan, from Kyushu in early March to Hokkaido in mid-May, wherever this "cherry blossom front" advances, the cherry blossoms spread in turn, and the lively cherry blossom banquet spread from south to north. It only takes three to five days for cherry blossoms to bloom and wither. Once it rains, the brilliant cherry blossoms may come to an end the next day. Although the flowering period is short, the Japanese will still hold a banquet to celebrate, just like a happy cherry blossom carnival.

Related ancient poems

Li Yu, Xie Xinen

One month before the cherry blossoms fell,

Like a bed, leaning against a fumigation cage.

Much like last year today, hate is the same.

The clouds are gaunt,

Tears stained the tube top red.

Where is acacia bitter, the screen window is drunk in the dream.

About the author: Li Yu (937-978), monarch of Southern Tang Dynasty in Five Dynasties and Ten Countries, Han nationality, reigned for (96 1-975), with a heavy word, and his first name was Jia Cong and his first name was Zhong Yin.

Li Shangyin, Four Untitled Poems

( 1)

You said you would come, but you didn't come, you didn't leave me any clues,

Better than the moonlight on your tower at five o'clock.

I cry for you to leave forever, I can't wake up yet,

I tried to read your hasty note, but I found the ink was too weak.

Blue burns your candle in its kingfisher feather lantern,

A sweet smell slipped away from your hibiscus curtain.

But what I can't reach is the magic mountain,

And you're on the other side, 10 thousand peaks away

(2)

The wind is blowing from the east, misty and rainy,

There was a faint thunder from the wheels on the hibiscus pool.

Jin Chan locked the lock and burned incense.

The jade tiger tells the story of the water it is drawing on its rope.

A great lady once stood behind a screen, favoring a poor young man.

Once, a fairy girl, a prince from Weiyi Wang, brought a bridal mat and disappeared.

Spring is not in full bloom,

Even this bright flame of love will only have ashes? .

(4)

Mourning politics is followed by urgent treatment,

Cherry blossoms are always hanging on the banks of Yang.

Whether the old lady in the host is married or not,

Three and a half months a day.

Princess Liyang is fourteen years old.

Look at the same wall after Tomb-Sweeping Day.

Back to the exhibition, turn to the fifth watch,

Liang Zhongyan smells a sigh.

About the author: Li Shangyin (about 865,438+02 or 865,438+03 —— about 858), a native of Yuxi, Han nationality, was a famous poet in the late Tang Dynasty.

Zhao Shixiu, picking mulberry seeds.

After the plum blossoms wither, the cherry blossoms are in full bloom, shallow and even red. Try your hand. Let a hundred flowers blossom, let a hundred flowers blossom. I'm worried about rain and wind because I'm still cold. Knot the cage. Ten thousand consecutive rounds stunned Xu Tong.

About the author: Zhao Shixiu (1170 ~1219) is a poet of the Southern Song Dynasty. The word zi is called witty and joyful. Yongjia (now Wenzhou, Zhejiang) people.

Li Deyu in Yuanyang Tablet

Didn't you see that people who used to be single-minded turned into mandarin ducks? Harmony never leaves,

Less than 1000 years. Grass flies in February, and cherry blossoms in the mountains are not thin. The weather in Jintang is sunny,

Where not to rely on? This is not only a good time to visit girls, but also a good time for Ling Bo and Fu Fei. Shake off the cover of emerald,

Beautiful colors reflect pearls. Double shadows are accompanied, and double hearts are not violated. I've been on Bisha for a long time,

Ripples, washing red clothes. Spring is turning around and lingering. Sumo is near Tian Quan Pool.

Murphy is near Cheung Chau Court. I want to be happy, love each other, and get caught on earth.

There is Xiaoxiang Prefecture in the south, and take Wan Li Road. There is no bitter cold in Dongting, and there are many streams in Yuanjiang.

I used to be a unlucky concubine, and I didn't worry every day. Today is a bird in the water, seek fortune for oneself.

Luoyang's daughter is in Qingge, and Luo Yi is lighter and thinner in February. Gold mud is not precious enough,

Painting Yuanyang is as good as painting Yuanyang. There are also young women who have broken melons and are alone in the spring.

Learn to weave tapestries every night and weave them into lovers' pity. You are fragrant and waterfront,

Very clear and shallow. Changhua is gorgeous and unknown, and Liu Jiangkong has come since spring.

Only pity the crane to rely on the piano music alone, but also read the lonely mirror dust. Willing to be a mandarin duck quilt,

I have a lover.

About the author: Li Deyu (787-850) was born in Zanhuang County, Hebei Province. He is ambitious in mechanics, especially Hanshu and Zuoshi Chunqiu.

Xue neng, singer

A new word sounds like a pearl, and turning your throat is suspected of hitting a coral. There are some sitting notes when listening,

There is nothing in the cherry blossom leaves after singing. Han Pu disdains the taste of vanity, facing how Joan uses waste.

Whoever wants to stay in a brothel is a fairy, not a husband.

About the author: Xue Neng (8 17—880), a native of Fenzhou (now Fenyang County, Shanxi Province), was a scholar in Huichang, Tang Wuzong for six years (846).

Arima

Flower language: life and happiness never give up, and I only love you for a lifetime.

Sakura in the mountain: I smile at you and have a beautiful spirit.

Cherry blossoms: an education

Cherry blossoms in winter: the mystery of the East

Double cherry blossom: quiet

Primula: Youth/Nothing but you.

Mountain cherry blossoms: pure/noble/weak

Cherry blossoms are warm, pure and noble, and the law representing fate is circulation. After the severe winter, it first brought the breath of spring to the Japanese people. March 15 to April 15 every year is the "cherry blossom festival" in Japan. The Japanese believe that life is too short, to live as brightly as cherry blossoms, and to leave decisively even if you die. Cherry blossoms are clean and crisp when they fall, which is regarded as a symbol of Japanese spirit.