Did Zheng He go to the Western Ocean in the 22nd year of Yongle?

In June, the third year of Yongle (1405), Zheng He made his first voyage to the Western Ocean, and went south with the wind, reaching Mamobaxie in Java. Java, known as Gaopo in ancient times, is now Java Island in Indonesia, which is the hub of Nanyang, with dense population, rich products and developed commerce.

Zheng he's voyages

At that time, the East King and the West King of this country were fighting a civil war. When the East King was defeated, his territory was occupied by the army of the West King. Members of Zheng He's fleet went ashore to do business in the market. They were mistaken by the occupying forces for coming to help the East King and killed by the West King Ma Xie, with a total of 170 people. Zheng He's soldiers worked hard one after another, saying that their blood could not be shed in vain, and they were anxious to declare war on the eight countries of Mali and avenge themselves.

After the "Java incident", the Queen Mother of the West was very afraid and sent messengers to apologize and compensate 62,000 gold for atonement. Zheng He got off to a bad start in his voyage to the West and lost 170 soldiers innocently. Naturally, it will inevitably lead to a large-scale battle. However, Zheng He was on a secret mission of Emperor Yongle. He was afraid that once he was killed, the western countries along the way were afraid of the Ming Dynasty's invasion. Later, he learned that it was a manslaughter. In view of the fear of the Queen Mother of the West, she pleaded guilty and was punished, so she told the Ming Dynasty to make peace and handle the matter peacefully. The Ming dynasty decided to give up the claim for compensation for sleeping in eight countries. The Queen Mother of the West was very moved when she learned of this incident, and the two countries lived in harmony from then on.

Members of the organizing committee for the 600th anniversary of Zheng He in Semarang, Java Island talked to reporters about this matter and all admired him. They said that Zheng He treated all countries equally, regardless of strength. Even if there was a conflict between the two countries, he was able to maintain great restraint, compromise, convince others by reasoning, and show peace and good-neighborliness with neighboring countries, which made the traditional friendship between China and Indonesian people go back to ancient times. When we settled here, we were also proud.

Indonesian scholars believe that Zheng He's fleet was the most powerful maritime task force in the world at that time. During Zheng He's seven-year voyage to the Western Ocean for twenty-eight years, the real foreign war was only once in Ceylon (now Sri Lanka), and it was a defensive war when he was forced to do nothing. In dealing with the "Java incident", Zheng He not only did not use force, but also did not demand compensation, which fully showed that Zheng He was an emissary of spreading peace. He spread the traditional etiquette of "harmony is the most important thing" in China and the Chinese civilization of "one country under the sun" and "one family under the world".

The second voyage to the west

Zheng He's nautical chart records Zheng He's nautical route.

September 13th, the fifth year of Yongle (140710/0/0/3). After Zheng He returned to China, he immediately made preparations for the second voyage, mainly to send foreign envoys home. The countries visited this time are Zhancheng (now south-central Vietnam), Boni (now Brunei), Siam (now Thailand), Zhenla (now Cambodia), Java, Manchinga, Ceylon, Kezhi and Guri. Arriving in Ceylon, Zheng He's fleet distributed gold, silver, silk and sesame oil to relevant Buddhist temples. On the first day of February in the seventh year of Yongle (1409 February 15), Zheng He and Wang Jinghong set up a Buddhist temple monument in Ceylon Mountain and described what they had done. This monument is now in Colombo Museum. Zheng He's fleet returned to China in the summer of the seventh year of Yongle (1409).

The data of the second voyage to the West included more than 27,000 people.

The third voyage to the west

In September of the seventh year of Yongle (1409 10), the emperor ordered eunuchs Zheng He, emissaries Wang Jinghong and Hou Xian to lead more than 27,000 officers and men, set sail on 48 seagoing ships, set sail from Liujiagang, Taicang, and occupied Chengguan, Panduranga, Zhenlai, Siam, Fake, Lanjiao Mountain, Java and Jia Chong. Fei Xin, Ma Huan and others will go together. At that time, Malaga was a country of Siam. Zheng He was ordered by the emperor to surrender and give him two sets of silver seals, robes and clothes to build a monument and fief for Malaga. Siam did not dare to disturb it. Jiuzhou Mountain in La Manjia is rich in agarwood, which is yellow and ripe. Eunuch Zheng He and other officers and men went into the mountains to collect incense and got six specimens with a diameter of 89 feet and a length of 89 feet. In the seventh year of Yongle, the emperor ordered the eunuch Zheng He and others to wait until the Ceylon Mountain Temple gave alms, and established the Ceylon Mountain Buddhist Temple Monument, which is now in the Colombo Museum. When Zheng He visited the country of Ceylon Mountain, Alec Kunai, the king of Ceylon Mountain, "disrespectfully murdered the captain", was discovered by Zheng He and left Ceylon Mountain for other countries. On his return trip, he visited Mount Ceylon again. Aleksandr Kuner tricked Zheng He into going to the country, sent 50,000 troops to besiege Zheng He's fleet and cut down trees to prevent Zheng He from returning home. Zheng he took advantage of their nest of a thief soldier, and the country was empty. He led the 2,000 officers and men who accompanied him, took a shortcut and made a surprise attack on Alejandro City, broke into the city and captured Alejandro and his family alive. On June 16th, the 9th year of Yongle (141/July 6th, 2008), he returned to China to present Alexander Kunai and Emperor Yongle, and courtier Qi Xin worked together to kill him. Emperor Yongle pitied Alexander Gunai's ignorance, released Alexander Gunai and his wife, gave him food and clothing, and ordered the Ministry of Rites to discuss and choose the sage as king among his fellow villagers. The sage who chose the sage did evil, sent messengers to lead him, made him king of Mount Ceylon, and repatriated Alexander Kunai. In the ninth year of Yongle (14 1 1), Berrymisura, king of Malaga, led his wife to accompany more than 540 ministers to the DPRK, and the court gave the seagoing ship back to China to defend its territory. From then on, "overseas, benefit from heaven." In August, the Ministry of Rites and the Ministry of War discussed and played, and 754 soldiers who made meritorious service in the Battle of Ceylon were promoted according to their merits, merits, merits, and merits. And got paper money, silver coins, brocade and so on.

2 1 route [2 1]:

Air pipeline

starting point

day and night

destination

1

Taicang liujiagang

Taiping Port in Changle, Fujian

2

Fujian wuhumen

10

Zhan Chengguo

three

Zhancheng

three

Zhenlaguo

four

Zhancheng

10

Siam

five

Zhancheng

10

Giolanshan

six

Zhancheng

20

Java language (a computer language, especially for creating websites)

seven

Strait of Malacca

nine

Sumandara

eight

Strait of Malacca

three

Aru

nine

Sumandara

1

Dragon fish

10

Sumandara

12

Ceylon mountain

1 1

Sumandara

20

Bonguela county

12

Dragon fish

five

Cui Lanyu

13

Ceylon mountain

10

Guriguo

14

Ceylon mountain

seven

travel abroad

15

Ceylon mountain

2 1

Brava state

16

Guriguo

10

The Strait of Hormuz

17

Guriguo

20

Assassinate the country

18

Guriguo

22

Adan county

19

Guriguo

20

Zoufal county

20

Little Glen State

20

Gu mu du Shu Guo

2 1

Hurumus state

four

Arab States

The fourth voyage to the west

In November of the 11th year of Yongle (1413165438+10), the eunuch Zheng He and the deputy envoy Wang Jinghong were appointed.

Map of Bongolaqin Kirin

He was ordered to command an army of more than 27,000 people and sail 40 ships to Manlanga, Java, Zhancheng, Sumatra, Kirgiz, Guri, South Burleigh, Pahang, Kelantan, Gael, Bloomsbury, Bila, You Shan, Sunla and other countries. Zheng He's mission includes 868 officials, 26,800 soldiers, 93 commanders, 2 commanders, 65,438 calligraphers +040,430 households, 65,438 practitioners +0 practitioners, 65,438 yin and yang officials +0 practitioners, 65,438 oracles+0 practitioners, 2 planners and 65,438 medical officials. Zheng He occupied the city for the first time and was crowned by the emperor. 14 13, Zheng He's fleet went to Suman to attack. At that time, the puppet king Su Gan attacked the country, and Zheng He was ordered by the emperor to command the officers and men to pursue it. Su Gan was captured alive and sent to Beijing for punishment. 14 13 Zheng He's fleet stayed in Semarang for a whole month, and Zheng He Fei Xin often went back to the local Chinese to pray. Zheng He ordered Haz Huang Dajing to take charge of China Muslims in Champa. For the first time, he bypassed Arabian Peninsula and sailed to Malindi in East Africa. In the 13th year of Yongle (14 12 August), he returned to China on the eighth day of July. In June165438+1October of the same year, Special Envoy Bongla came to China to worship the "Kirin" (giraffe).

The fifth voyage to the west

In the 15th year of Yongle (1465438+June, 2007), on May 16th, Zheng He, the eunuch of the company commander, made a pilgrimage to the tomb of Islamic sages in Quanzhou and went to Khrushchev and other western countries. On May 16th, the 15th year of Yongle (1465438+June 2007), he set out to escort Guri, Java, Malacca, Zhancheng and other countries. Accompanied by the monk Huixin, generals Zhu Zhen and Tang Jing. Zheng He was ordered to put a seal on the king in Kirgiz Prefecture, named the mountain in the central part of the country Zhenguo Mountain, and set up an inscription. Khrushchev pays tribute to lions, leopards and west horses; Adan pays tribute to Kirin, Zufar pays tribute to wildebeest, and Gu Mu pays tribute to Fulu and the lion. Brava pays tribute to camels and ostrich chickens; Java and Guri pay tribute to the warrior lamb. Yongle returned to China on July 17 (1465438+August 8, 2009).

At the end of the Song Dynasty, Quanzhou Ship Administration promoted Pu Rihe, Pu Shougeng's nephew, and sent Zheng He, an eunuch, to the Western Seas to find the imperial seal, making meritorious deeds and sealing Zhen Fu in Quanzhou.

The sixth voyage to the west

On the 30th day of the first month of the 19th year of Yongle (142 1 year), Ming Chengzu ordered Zheng He to send envoys of sixteen countries back to China. In order to catch up with the northeast monsoon, Zheng He led his fleet to set off soon, and successively arrived in Zhancheng, Siam, Hulumus, Adan, Zufar, Sass, Buchwa, Mugushu, Zhubu (now the Juba River in Somalia), Marin, Guri, Kezi, Gaer, Ceylon Mountain, Liushanshan, Nanwuli, Sumatra, Shi Si and other countries and regions. On August 18th, the 20th year of Yongle (1September 3rd, 422), Zheng He's fleet returned to China accompanied by envoys from Siam, Sumatra, Adan and other countries. In the 22nd year of Yongle, Ming Chengzu died, and Injong Zhu Gaochi ascended the throne. Because of the economic emptiness, he ordered to stop sailing to the west.

The seventh voyage to the west

In the fifth year of Xuande (1430), Emperor Xuande didn't come to pay tribute, and ordered Zheng He to go to Hulumo and other western countries on business, accompanied by eunuchs Wang Jinghong, Liang Zhu, Yang Zhen, You Shaobao Hongbao and others. According to Zhu Yunming's Preface to the Western Seas in the Ming Dynasty, the number of people who went to the Western Seas for the seventh time included 27,550 officials, flag soldiers, fire captains, helmsmen, squad leaders, general affairs, work, books, doctors, iron anchors and materials.

On the sixth day of December in the fifth year of Xuande (1430 1), Zheng He led more than 27,000 officers and men and set sail from Longjiang Pass (now Xiaguan, Nanjing) via Xushan and 10 to Taicang, Jiangsu Province, and arrived at Fuzimen, Taicang on the 20th, 2/kloc. In the spring of the sixth year of Xuande (143 1), Tianfei Palace was completed, and Zheng Heli wrote "Fan Tongzhuan": ... What people have been engaged in various missionary activities since Yongle. Today, after seven times, there are tens of thousands of officers and men in various headquarters and hundreds of seagoing ships, from Taicang Kaiyang to Zhancheng, Siam and Java. In the sixth year of Xuande (143 1), he arrived in Changle Port, Fujian on February 26th. Zheng He's fleet stayed in Changle for about half a year. During this period, Zheng He led Xingping Sanwei, commanded thousands of families and state officials to sell wood and stones, and rebuilt Tianfei Palace in Meizhou Island, Fujian [38]. The Tianfei Palace in Changle County was built next to the Sanfeng Temple in Nanshan, and was completed in 1 1 month. Monument [39] Tian Fei's valid record, and a bronze bell was cast. The inscription reads: "Live forever, pray for peace in the West, and be lucky. On the midsummer day of1910 in the sixth year of Daming Xuande, eunuchs Zheng He, Wang Jinghong and other officers and men devoted themselves to casting bronze clocks. "

/kloc-Go to Humen on February 9th and Zhancheng on February 24th. We set sail from Zhancheng in the first month of 2007 and arrived in Java on February 6th. Set sail on June 16 and arrive at the old port on the 27th. We set sail on July 1 and arrived in Malaga on the 8th. We set sail on August 8th and arrived in Sumatra on August18th. 10/set sail on 0/0, 1 1 6/arrived in Ceylon Mountain. We set sail on 10 and arrived in Guri on 18. Set sail on 22nd,1arrived in Hulu Maus on 26th February. On February 18th, 2008, I set sail back to the ocean and arrived in Guri on March 11th. On the way back, Zheng He died of overwork in Guri on the west coast of India in early April of the eighth year of Xuande (1433), and the fleet was taken back by eunuch Wang Jinghong. The ship returned to the sea on the 20th. Arrived in Sumatra on April 6. /kloc-set sail on 0/2 and arrived in Malaga on the 20th. On May 10, he returned to Kunlun Ocean and arrived in Zhancheng on 26th. We set sail on June 1 day, passing through Nan 'ao Mountain, Wanglang Mountain and Wandieyu Island, entered Taicang on February1day, and arrived in Nanjing on July 6.

The first 1 voyage to the west

The second voyage to the west

The third voyage to the west

The fourth voyage to the west

The fifth voyage to the west

The sixth voyage to the west

The seventh voyage to the west

1June 405 (the third year of Yongle)

1407 10 June 13 (the fifth year of Yongle)

1409 10 month (the seventh year of Yongle)

14121218 (Yongle Decade)

14 16 65438+ February 28th, 14th year of Yongle

142 1 March 3rd, 19th year of Yongle

1430 (Xuande five years) June 29th

Due to the secrecy of Zheng He's voyage to the West and the repeated fires in the Forbidden City in Beijing in the Ming Dynasty, most of Zheng He's treasures were unfortunately destroyed by the fire. Fortunately, Mao, a military strategist in the late Ming Dynasty, copied Zheng He's nautical chart into "Wu Bei Zhi" through hearing and seeing, so that later generations could see it.