Method for plan edible lily

Small bulbs are directly buried in the soil in autumn and can germinate and bloom in the next spring. Large-scale planting 1. Large-scale cultivation of seed balls uses a sharp knife to cut off the scales at the base, and then inserts them into the seedbed of sandy loam. When inserting, the base is facing down, the spacing between each piece is 3cm, and the fine sand on the top cover is about 6cm thick. Water the soil often to keep warm, but don't water it too much to prevent scales from rotting. Keep the bed temperature at about 20℃. Autumn sowing in the south lasted about half a month, and bulbs the size of rice grains appeared from the incision at the lower end of scales. Plant 1~2 basal leaves in the spring of the following year. Dig after the leaves wither in autumn. According to the bulb size, a single large bulb weighing more than 25 grams can be used as a seed bulb, and small bulbs can be cultured for another year. 2. Sow in autumn in the south and spring in the north, but autumn is suitable. Flat border or ridge cultivation is adopted in the north, and high border cultivation is adopted in the south. The row spacing is 20 ~ 40cm, and the plant spacing15 ~ 20cm. After planting, cover the top of the bulb with 3~4cm thick soil. 3. Field management (1) The cultivated lily has a long growth period, overwinters in the soil in autumn, and it takes a long time to be unearthed in the following spring. Therefore, the border can be interplanted with vegetables and wheat crops. When intercropping and harvesting, you should loosen the soil and turn the grass once to prevent weeds from breeding, consuming nutrients and affecting the growth of lily. Tillage 2~3 times in the middle growth period, combined with soil cultivation, to prevent naked bulbs and scales from discoloring. (2) After germination and emergence in spring, topdressing should be done once when the seedling height is 13- 16 cm. After the last topdressing, spread the straw thinly on the soil surface, using 400 kilograms of straw per mu to reduce the ground temperature, maintain humidity and prevent rain erosion and weeds from growing wildly. (3) Remove tillers, pick buds, keep buds strong when sprouting in spring, and remove the rest to prevent bulb division. Summer buds begin to swell, so they should be pulled out at any time to reduce nutrient consumption. Varieties with bulbils should be removed in time if they are not going to propagate with them, so as to avoid nutrient loss. In order to promote bulb expansion and prevent flowering and excessive growth of stems and leaves, terminal buds can also be removed to inhibit the growth of aboveground parts, but it is best to remove terminal buds in late May, not too early or too late. 4. After harvesting, the stems and leaves of lily on the ground began to turn yellow, the plants stopped growing, and the bulbs gradually matured. It is suitable for harvesting when all the upper parts of the ground are dead, the lower parts are defoliated and the upper parts are defoliated. The harvest in the south is from August to September, and the harvest in the north is 1 1 early. When harvesting, dig out bulbs and remove roots, mud and stems. Indoor transportation, covered with grass, to avoid the discoloration of light bulbs caused by sunlight and affect product quality. Planting techniques of edible lily 1. Land selection and soil preparation: Sandy loam with fertile soil, Gao Shuang topography, good drainage and loose soil should be selected for farming. Combined with soil preparation, 2000 kg of organic fertilizer and 40-50 kg of Yangfeng compound fertilizer are applied per mu as base fertilizer. Apply 50-60 kg lime per mu (or 0.6 kg for 50% farmers) for soil disinfection. Then the whole piece of fine harrow is leveled, so that the width of each border is 1.3m or even, the width of the border ditch is 30cm, and there are deep drainage ditches around it, with good drainage. 2. Bulb propagation is the main planting method. Small bulbs with compact scales, white, regular shape, no damage and no pests and diseases are selected as seeds. Soak the stem in 70% thiophanate methyl, carbendazim or agricultural streptomycin solution 15-30 minutes, disinfect, air dry and plant. The best time is late September to 10. On the completed ridge, a horizontal ditch with a row spacing of 25 cm and a deep ditch with a row spacing of 12 cm were opened. Then put a small bulb every 15cm (plant spacing) with the top facing up, cover it with fine soil, and add a layer of fallen leaves or straw where possible to prevent frost and humidity. Gently press the leaf grass and take it out after it germinates. The yield per mu 15000- 15000 plants, and the number of seeds per mu 150-200 seeds/kg. 3. Pre-management of TianTuan Management (1). Choose sunny farming in winter, dry the topsoil, and keep it moist and warm. Before emergence in spring, loosen the soil and weed, increase the ground temperature and promote early emergence; Cover the grass to keep moisture. In summer, it is necessary to prevent rot caused by high temperature; In cold weather, it is necessary to keep warm and prevent freezing, and apply seedling fertilizer to promote the growth of lily. (2) Middle and late management. First, ditch cleaning and drainage. The second is to hit the top at the right time. The best time is: when the bud changes from upright to drooping, the color of the sunny side changes from full green to pink. It's June. The third is to control the application of nitrogen fertilizer after topping. Promote the rapid hypertrophy of young bulbs. Before and after summer, we should pick the pearl buds in time to remove the moisture in the ditch and reduce the temperature and humidity in the field. (3) topdressing. The first time is to apply wax fertilizer slowly and steadily. In June+10, 5438, when lily seedlings were not unearthed, urea 5- 10 kg was applied to the cultivated mu to promote new roots. The second time is to re-apply strong seedling fertilizer. At the beginning of April, when the lily seedling height is 10-20cm, add 10- 15kg yangfeng compound fertilizer and 5- 10kg urea per mu to promote strong seedlings. The third time is to properly apply bulb swelling fertilizer. After flowering and topping in mid-June, 30-40 kg of 48% urea-based compound fertilizer was applied per mu to promote bulb hypertrophy. At the same time, 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate was sprayed on the leaves. Topdressing should be completed 40-50 days before excavation. 4. Pest control (1) Lily Fusarium wilt is one of the common diseases of lily, which is serious in rainy years, causing stem and leaf corruption and seriously affecting bulb yield. Bacteria can damage stems, leaves, flowers and scales. After the stem base is damaged, it contracts when it meets water, causing the whole plant to wither and die soon. The leaves are diseased, and the spots are watery, light brown and irregular. In severe cases, it will kill flowers, pedicels and scales, leading to discoloration and corruption of the affected parts. Control methods: ① rotation; ② Choose plots with good drainage and loose soil for farming; (3) sterilizing the seed balls; (4) Strengthen field management and pay attention to digging ditches and draining water; Apply phosphorus and potassium fertilizer to make seedlings grow healthily; ⑤ Spray 1: 2: 200 bordeaux solution 1 times before emergence, and spray 50% carbendazim 800 times solution after emergence for 2-3 times to protect seedlings; After the onset of the disease, the diseased plants were removed in time and treated with 50% quicklime. (2) The plants affected by the virus disease show yellow leaves or yellow spots and stripes, serious defoliation, poor plant growth and atrophy. The buds are yellow and can't open. In severe cases, plants will wither and die. Control methods: ① cultivate disease-resistant varieties or propagate disease-free bulbs; (2) Strengthen field management, appropriately increase the application of phosphate fertilizer and potash fertilizer to make plants grow healthily and enhance disease resistance; ③ Pull out seriously damaged plants, prevent and control aphids as early as possible, and reduce reinfection of infected aphids. (3) Leaf blight and soft rot are the main diseases in growth period and storage period respectively. Prevention and control methods: select healthy and disease-free seed balls for breeding, soak the seeds with 500-600 times of 50% benzimidazole for 20-30 minutes before sowing, dry them and sow them. Try not to hurt bulbs during harvesting and transportation, and pay attention to ventilation and cooling during storage. (4) Common pests are aphids, beetle larvae and mites. Aphids are harmful, and often gather on the buds of young leaves to suck juice, which makes plants shrink, grow poorly, blossom and bear fruit. Prevention and control methods: ① cleaning the countryside, clearing weeds in the field and reducing overwintering insect population; ② Spraying 2000-fold pyrethroid solution, 1500-fold 40% omethoate solution or 1000-fold 50% malathion solution during the occurrence period has a great contribution to killing aphids and lice. Malathion and thiophosphate can be used for beetle larvae. Acaricide can be used to kill mites.