The original text and teaching plan of junior middle school 8th grade celebrating Lunar New Year's Day in the second volume.

# Lesson Plan # Introduction This passage tells the author that objectively influenced by western scientific thinking, he instinctively refused to celebrate the Lunar New Year's Day, that is, the Spring Festival, but subjectively influenced by China's traditional holiday atmosphere, and finally scientific thinking surrendered to traditional consciousness. Thus, even under the influence of foreign culture, he could not be determined by national traditional customs. At first, the author said that he was not going to celebrate this festival, but in the end, he had a very pleasant dinner. It can be seen that what belongs to the nation is what belongs to us, which also responds to Wang Zengqi's thought of inheriting Chinese and western cultures. We should adopt the view of accepting external factors from tradition and combine our thoughts. The whole text is easy to understand, elegant in taste and humorous. I have not prepared the following contents for your reference!

original text

China Lunar New Year is a festival in China. Other festivals don't seem so festive. Within five days, the whole country will get dressed, go out of business, hang out, gamble, bang gongs, set off firecrackers, visit guests and watch plays. It was an auspicious day. Everyone is looking forward to a better and more prosperous New Year. Everyone was happy to add a year and prepared many auspicious words to congratulate his neighbors.

You can't scold the maid during the Spring Festival. The strangest thing is that hardworking women in China are also at leisure, chewing melon seeds, not washing clothes, not cooking, and even refusing to take a kitchen knife. The lazy man argued that cutting meat on New Year's Day would kill him, washing things would wash away his luck, and pouring water would ruin his luck. Red Spring Festival couplets are posted on every door, which read: auspiciousness, happiness, peace, wealth and youth. Because it is a spring festival in which life, prosperity and wealth return.

In front of the house on the street, firecrackers were everywhere and smelled of sulfur. Fathers lost their dignity, grandfathers were kinder than before, children played flutes, wore masks and played with clay dolls. Dressed in red and green, the country girl ran three or four miles to the neighboring village to see Caotai's play. All the boys in the village are flirting with each other. It was women's liberation day, and it was a hard labor day for washing and cooking. When someone is hungry, they fry rice cakes, or cook a bowl of noodles with ready-made materials, or steal two pieces of cold chicken from the kitchen.

The China government has officially abolished the Lunar New Year, but the Lunar New Year remains unchanged and has not been abolished.

I am a very modern person. No one can call me old-fashioned. I don't know how to follow the old calendar. I like to advocate a calendar of 13 months, with only 4 weeks or 28 days in each month. In other words, my point of view is scientific and logical. It is this pride in science that makes me disappointed in the new year. Everyone pretends to celebrate without any real feelings.

I don't want the Lunar New Year, but the Lunar New Year came by itself. It was February 4th in the solar calendar.

Scientific reason taught me not to follow the old calendar, and I promised to do so. I hear the sound of the New Year coming at the beginning of January in the lunar calendar. One day I had Laba porridge for breakfast, which immediately reminded me that it was the eighth day of the twelfth lunar month. A week later, my servant came to borrow the extra monthly salary, which he deserved on New Year's Eve. When he went out from work in the afternoon, he showed me a package of new materials he gave his wife. On February 1 2, I will tip the postman, truck driver, bookstore messenger and so on. I often feel that something is coming.

On February 3, I still said to myself, "I'm not over the age of 20." That morning, my wife asked me to change my shirt. "Why?"

"Ma Zhou washed your shirt today. Not tomorrow, not the day after tomorrow, not the day after tomorrow. " Of course I can't refuse to be close to people.

This is the beginning of my submission. After breakfast, my family will go to the bank, because the bank still has a slight withdrawal panic at the end of the year, even though the government explicitly cancels the Lunar New Year. "Yutang", my wife said, "We need to call a car. You can also get a haircut. " I don't care about a haircut. Cars are a great temptation. I never like going in and out of the bank, but I like taking a bus. I want to go to the Chenghuang Temple to see what I can buy for the children. I think there are always lanterns to buy at this time. I want my youngest child to see what lanterns are like.

Actually, I shouldn't have gone to the Chenghuang Temple. If you go at this time, you know, there will certainly be some results. On my way home, I brought many things, such as lanterns, rabbit lanterns, several bags of toys from China and some plum blossoms. When I got home, my hometown gave me a pot of daffodils from my hometown. I remember when I was a child, daffodils were in full bloom and fragrant. I can't help thinking of my childhood scenes. As soon as I smell the scent of daffodils, I think of Spring Festival couplets, New Year's Eve, firecrackers, red candles, oranges in Fujian, early morning New Year greetings, and the black satin robe that I can only wear once that year.

At lunch, I thought of "radish rice fruit" (rice cake made of radish) in my hometown from the smell of daffodils.

"Nobody sent' radish rice fruit' this year." I regret to say.

"Because no one comes to Xiamen, otherwise they will definitely bring it." My wife said.

"Wuchang Road Guangdong store is not there? I remember buying it and I think I can still find it. "

"No way?" The wife said defiantly.

"Of course." I refuted her.

At three o'clock in the afternoon, I came back from Sichuan North Road by bus with a basket of two and a half pounds of rice cakes in my hand.

When the rice cake was fried at five o'clock, the smell of daffodils filled the room, and I suddenly felt like a sinner. "I'm not going to celebrate the New Year," I made up my mind. "I'm going out to see a movie tonight."

"How could you?" My wife said. "We invited Mr. X to have dinner at home tonight." That's terrible.

At half past five, the youngest daughter wore a new red dress.

"Who dressed her in new clothes?" I asked, feeling a little shaken in my heart, but still insisting.

"Huang Ma wears it." This is the answer.

At six o'clock, I found a pair of big red candles lit on the candle table, which seemed to laugh at my scientific rationality. At that time, my scientific reason was vague, weak and empty.

"Who lit the candle?" I challenge again.

"Ma Zhou ordered it."

"Who bought it?" I asked.

"Didn't you buy it yourself this morning?"

"Is this really the case?" That's not my scientific consciousness, it must be another kind of consciousness.

I feel a little ridiculous, but I don't feel anything when I think of what I did in the morning. At that time, firecrackers were everywhere, and waves of ping-pong audio-visual images were attacks on the depths of my consciousness.

I couldn't help it. I took out a piece of foreign currency and gave it to my servant, saying:

"Qin, you take a dollar to buy a few cannons and a few strings of firecrackers. The bigger the ring, the better. "

With the sound of table tennis, I sat down to eat the New Year's Eve dinner and unconsciously felt very happy.

Brief introduction of the author

Lin Yutang (1895.10.3-1976.3.26) was born in Longxi, Fujian. Formerly known as Lehe, later changed to Yutang, later changed to Yutang.

19 12 He entered Shanghai St. John's University and taught in Tsinghua University after graduation. 1965438+went to the literature department of Harvard University in the autumn of 2009. 1922 received a master of arts degree. In the same year, he transferred to Leipzig University in Germany to study linguistics. From 65438 to 0923, he returned to China as Professor Peking University, Dean of Beijing Women's Normal University and Head of the English Department. 1924, he is one of the main authors of Yu Si. From 65438 to 0926, he served as the head of the literature department of Xiamen University. 1927 secretary of the Ministry of foreign affairs. 1932 edited by the Analects of Confucius. 1934 founded "Human World", 1935 founded "Cosmic Wind", advocating "self-centered, leisure-oriented" prose. After 1935, he wrote cultural works and novels in English in the United States, such as My Country and My People, Clouds in Beijing and Trembling Wind.

1944 once returned to China to give lectures in Chongqing. 1945 went to Singapore to set up Nanyang University as the president. 1952 co-founded tianfeng magazine in the United States. 1966 settled in Taiwan Province province. 1967 was employed as a research professor at the Chinese University of Hong Kong. 1975 was elected as the vice president of International PEN. 1976 died in Hong Kong.

Bibliography: Fu Jian's Collected Works (Essays) 1928, Beixin New Literature Review (Comments) 1930, Beixin Linguistics Essays 1932, Enlightening European and American English (Essays) 1933. 1934, Time My Words (Volume II, Essay, Also known as My Humble Jing Ji) 1936, Selected Humorous Works of Time Lin Yutang 1936, Discovery of Vientiane's Life 1938, Lesson 1 of Shanghai Shuofeng Bookstore of Tokyo Chuangyuan Society 194 1, Yutang Wencun of Shanghai Earth Publishing House/kloc-0. Kloc-0/, Splendid Collection by Tomorrow Publishing House is 194 1, Art of Life by Shanghai Shuofeng Bookstore is 194 1, and Prose Collection by Shanghai Xifeng Society. Essay by Yutang, a first-class bookstore in Shanghai,1941; Collected Works of Bojing (essay), Shanghai Ren Jian Publishing House,1941; Instantaneous Beijing (novel, also known as Clouds in Beijing), translated by Zhang Zhenyu, 1940. Shanghai Jinwu Bookstore "Ridiculous" 1947 (5th edition), business "Lin Yutang's Essays" 1954, Hong Kong World Digest Publishing House "Talking about Everything" (1-2 episodes, essays) 1969, Satellite Publishing House; 1-3 episodes, 1974, Ming Kai's Gao E in All fairness (essay) 1966, Wen Xing Bookstore's Collected Works of Yutang 1978, Ming Kai's Classic of Lin Yutang (1-378 China People (Prose) by Chongqing People's Publishing House is 1988, Lai Baiying (Novel) by Zhejiang people is 1988, and The Feast of Life by Hunan literature and art is 1988.

teaching program

First, core literacy

1. language construction and application

Experience the affectionate characteristics contained in plain language.

2. Thinking development and promotion

Learn the skills of various expression combinations.

3. Aesthetics and creation

Learn to analyze the emotions of the characters in the text.

4. Cultural inheritance and understanding

Understand the traditional festivals in China, and cultivate the spirit of respecting, inheriting and carrying forward excellent cultural traditions.

Second, the teaching design

Teaching objectives:

Knowledge goal: read the text silently and perceive the content of the article as a whole.

Ability goal: to taste the psychological description in the text and understand the author's ambivalence.

Emotional goal: to feel the traditional customs of China and cultivate students' respect and love for traditional culture.

Teaching emphases and difficulties:

1. Experience the author's complicated feelings about the New Year.

2. Guide students to feel the festive atmosphere of the New Year and the charm of traditional culture.

Teaching methods:

1. Situational teaching method. Show the scene of the New Year through pictures, videos, etc. By guiding students to tell stories about the New Year, the festive atmosphere is rendered, and students' thinking is introduced into the scene of the New Year.

2. Discuss the nudge method. Teachers can guide students to discuss the contradictory feelings revealed by the author in the article by combining the author's time and his own situation.

3. Reading appreciation method. Students can experience the emotions in the text and feel the festive atmosphere through silent reading and free reading many times.

teaching process

First, the introduction of new courses.

(Show pictures or videos about the Spring Festival)

Teacher: You must be familiar with these pictures. When was this scene?

Students generally know that this is the scene of the Spring Festival.

Teacher: How did your family spend the Spring Festival? How do you feel during the Spring Festival?

(Two or three students talk)

Teacher: Indeed, when it comes to festivals, everyone is very excited and excited. In China, the custom of celebrating festivals has a long history. How did people celebrate festivals in the past? Will their mood be the same as ours? Today, let's follow Mr. Lin Yutang to feel the atmosphere of his "Lunar New Year's Day" in the 1930s! (Type the title "Celebrating New Year's Day in the Lunar New Year")

Second, overall perception.

Please read the text silently and think: 1. What festival is "Lunar New Year's Day" in the text?

2. What are the customs on New Year's Day?

In this session, students read books, and the teacher uses two questions to guide students to grasp the content of the article as a whole. After reading it, the students can basically answer: "New Year's Day in the old calendar" is the Spring Festival now. The article says, "Get dressed, go out of business, hang out, gamble, play gongs, set off firecrackers, pay homage to guests and go to the theatre", "Every household puts up red Spring Festival couplets", "In front of street houses, firecrackers are everywhere and sulfur is everywhere", "Spring Festival couplets, New Year's Eve dinner, firecrackers, red candles, Fujian oranges, and New Year's greetings in the morning" and so on. These scenes are similar to our current Spring Festival.

Third, the improvement of literacy.

1. Read the text again and think about how many parts the full text can be divided into.

(mainly to guide students to grasp the level of the article and clarify the thinking of the article. It is not very important to know the specific layers, but it can be seen from the students' answers whether they grasp the context of the article. Can be divided into two parts or three parts)

Part I (paragraph 1-3): Generally speaking, the custom of writing a New Year's calendar.

The second part (paragraphs 4-5): The attitude of the government and me towards the Chinese New Year.

The third part (paragraph 6 -end): Describe the process of celebrating the New Year in 24 years.

(Or: Part I: (Paragraph 1-5): Generally speaking, it is the custom to write the New Year's calendar.

Part II: (Paragraph 6 -end): Describe the process of Chinese New Year in 24 years. )

2. Read the key paragraphs (paragraph 6-end) to understand the author's feelings.

(1) After paragraph 6 of the article, describe the 24-year Lunar New Year in detail. In what order, check the symbolic words indicating the order!

At the beginning of January, a week later, February 1, 2, 3, after breakfast, at lunch, at 3: 00, 5: 00, 5: 00 and 6: 00.

(2) In paragraph 5, the author said, "I was very disappointed during the New Year". Is he really disappointed? What is the author's emotional attitude towards the New Year? Tick the words that show the author's emotional attitude!

I don't want to celebrate the New Year-this is the beginning of my surrender-childhood scenes can't help appearing in front of my eyes-I feel strongly that I am a sinner-my mind seems a little shaken, but I can still insist-my scientific reason is vague, weak and empty-that's not me.

(4) How to understand the author's ambivalent mood during the New Year?

This should be a difficult point for students. Can be divided into two steps to guide students to understand:

A. Understand with Lin Yutang's Ji New Year's Day. Students read the article "Ji New Year's Day" to see the author's mood when writing this article.

Students can understand that the author wants to play and work, so he is upset and contradictory.

But is this really the case? Try to compare the two articles, and see that there are many similarities, but there are also differences, indicating that this article was revised by the author. Compare this article with Ji's New Year's Day and see what's the difference between it and Ji's New Year's Day.

After reading it, it is not difficult to find that the words "science", "rationality" and "conservatism" are mentioned many times in the article. For example, "The China Municipal Government has officially cancelled the Lunar New Year, but the Lunar New Year remains unchanged and has not been cancelled." "I am an extremely modern person. No one can call me old-fashioned. I don't know how to follow the old calendar. I like to advocate a calendar of 13 months, with only 4 weeks or 28 days in each month. In other words, my point of view is scientific and logical. It is this pride in science that makes me disappointed in the new year. Everyone pretended to celebrate, and there was no real feeling at all. " "Scientific reason taught me not to follow the old calendar, and I promised to do so." "Like laughing at my scientific rationality. At that time, my scientific rationality was vague, weak and empty. " "That's not my scientific consciousness, it must be another kind of consciousness."

From this, it can be imagined that the author must have profound meaning in writing this article, so what does he want to express? Then look at Lin Yutang's era! Might help us understand.

B. understand the theme of the article in combination with the background of the times.

The teacher asked: What year was this text written? Remind students to find time to write in the article "Ji New Year's Day"! )

Written in 24 years (24 years of the Republic of China), that is, 1935, what was the author's time?

The teacher introduced the background of the times: in the 1930s, Japanese imperialist aggression intensified, and the cultural absolutism policy of the Kuomintang government was increasingly strengthened. Under the catalysis of external troubles and internal worries of national subjugation and extinction, the national democratic consciousness of advanced intellectuals in China has awakened (Lin Yutang is one of them). After the May 4th Movement, that is, in the 1930s and 40s, another "new enlightenment" took place. The New Enlightenment advocated freedom and rationality and scientific logical thinking. The May 4th New Culture Movement demanded that the old culture in China be replaced by western culture, but the new enlightenment activists tried to treat Chinese and western cultures dialectically. They believe that the emergence of a new culture is produced by the combination of many different cultures. The New Enlightenment is a national, scientific and democratic cultural movement, in which China and the West were comprehensively investigated and treated differently. By dialectically inheriting China's traditional cultural heritage and combining it with foreign cultures with China characteristics, the new culture has been promoted to take root and sprout in China. The culture it wants to create should not only destroy China's traditional culture, but also accept foreign western culture, of course, it is not the drummer's China culture and excludes western culture; It should be a dialectical or organic synthesis of various existing cultures. (Some excerpts are from On the New Enlightenment in 1930s. )

In fact, we can see the imprint of the times in the article: "The China government has officially abolished the Lunar New Year", "My view is very scientific and logical" and "Scientific rationality has taught me not to follow the old calendar".

Knowing the background of the times, what do the students think this article should show?

(Students discuss the speech)

The teacher summed it up: the significance of the Spring Festival forces people to jump happily, and scientific rationality cannot subdue the ripples in the depths of the soul. Should we be rational animals or intimate people? The author has been entangled in contradictions in his article, but in the end he can't resist the strong atmosphere of the festival rationally, and he is infected by the happiness of people around him and unconsciously immersed in pleasure. It can be seen that our folk culture and traditional culture have long been deeply rooted in the hearts of the people. Entering a new era and accepting new ideas is not to deny all old cultures and concepts, but to respect people's thoughts, feelings and traditional culture, which was advocated by the authors of the new enlightenment in the11930 s.

(5) Expansion and extension

Where is the charm of traditional culture? Why has it been loved by people for thousands of years and is worthy of our inheritance? By reading this article, can you find some reasons why people like the Spring Festival?

Please read the text again and discuss the charm of this traditional culture through the author's description of people's New Year in the old calendar!

After the exchange of students, it can be summarized as follows: a. lively and festive; B. send good wishes and wishes to people; C. it is the day when life returns; D. Freedom, democracy and equality

Yes, China's traditional culture is a rich legacy handed down by our ancestors and a crystallization of history, but it is not just an exhibit in a museum, but a living life. The way of thinking, values and codes of conduct contained in the traditional culture handed down from generation to generation have strong historical and inheritance on the one hand, and distinct reality and variability on the other hand, which constantly influences and restricts people in China today. Therefore, traditional culture is not far away from us, and it is felt all the time in the intense pulse of real life. Now, we have realized this, so the concept of respecting our traditional culture and inheriting our folk culture is getting stronger and stronger. For example, Tomb-Sweeping Day, Mid-Autumn Festival, Spring Festival and other traditional festivals have holidays every year, and our successful application for the "24 solar terms" shows that our country and people attach importance to and respect traditional culture.

3. Experience the characteristics of comprehensive use of various expressions.

Teacher: Please look at the text again and see what expressions the author uses in the text. What are the characteristics of the author's application?

Means of expression: narrative, description (vivid environmental description and psychological description) and lyric. (Give a statement in the article! )

Features: Narrative: both general narrative and detailed description;

Description: vivid environmental description and psychological description;

Lyricism: the expression of the author's feelings is often combined with narrative description. Give specific sentence analysis! For example:

A. I fried rice cakes at five o'clock, and the smell of daffodils was everywhere. I feel strongly like a sinner. "I'm not going to celebrate the New Year," I made up my mind. "I'm going out to see a movie tonight."

B. "Who dressed her in new clothes?" I asked, feeling a little shaken in my heart, but still insisting.

C. At six o'clock, I found a pair of big red candles lit on the candle table, which seemed to laugh at my scientific rationality. At that time, my scientific reason was vague, weak and empty.

D for a time, firecrackers sounded everywhere, and a ping-pong audio-visual was an attack on the depths of my consciousness.

E. In the ping-pong sound, I sat down to eat the New Year's Eve dinner and felt very happy unconsciously.

Summary: Through the author's description of Chinese New Year's custom on the first day of the Lunar New Year and his ambivalent mood in the process of Chinese New Year's Day, we can feel the festive atmosphere of the Spring Festival, see the charm of China's traditional customs and culture, and understand that we should respect and inherit our excellent cultural traditions.