Jiaxing handicraft custom

Jiashan kiln industry flourished and formed a unique custom in the old days. Before each kiln is lit, a sacrificial ceremony is held, which is called "building a kiln to pray for blessings". On the side of the kiln door, there is a statue with the image of Lu Ban, and adobe is piled up in front of the kiln door as a table for pig heads, chickens and fish. The earthen kiln has six smoke holes, and these three offerings also have six eyes, thinking that this can connect the six eyes and burn the kiln well. At the temple fair, the kiln workers wore special clothes, flowered hats, sandals, a few straws tied around their waist, and a rope as a string of money to string up a hundred copper coins. After the temple fair, these copper coins are often begged by others and hung on the children's heads and necks, thinking that they can ward off evil spirits.

Second, Pu wire

In the old society, most of the residents of Puyuan town in Tongxiang and the farmers nearby were engaged in silk weaving, and every family had silk looms. According to local legend, the founder of silk weaving is Apollo, who is said to be the minister of the Yellow Emperor and invented the loom. The robot god is the weaver girl. Every year on July 7th and September 16th, the owners will go to the Machine Temple in Hunan to offer sacrifices. At that time, lanterns will be decorated inside and outside the temple for three sacrifices and prayers. After the ceremony, a grand banquet was held in the hall and the troupe was invited to perform.

Third, Tongxiang iron pot

Tongxiang County and Wuzhen, Reuters, in the old days, iron pot smelting workshops were relatively developed, and workers had the custom of "pot gods". After the Spring Festival, before the furnace is turned on, do the workers take it? L, vegetables and fruits, sacrifice pot god. According to legend, the "pot god" is a woman, and her father is a pot-casting craftsman. The woman resolutely jumped into the iron furnace to help her father cast a pot successfully, and finally cast a big pot. Since then, people have called themselves "pot gods" in order to commemorate her.

Fourth, accept apprentices to learn from their teachers.

The apprentice should contact the master two or three months in advance through the introducer, and then choose an auspicious day to hold the ceremony. Generally choose the Dragon Boat Festival, Mid-Autumn Festival, the fourth day of the year and other festivals. When paying homage to the master, the apprentice took the introducer with pork, noodles, candles, red dates, longan and other things to the master's house. First, it is introduced by the introducer, and then a "letter" is written, stating that the apprenticeship period is 3 to 4 years, and some of them are as long as 5 years. Guan Shu also stated that whether he was disabled or died during his apprenticeship, it had nothing to do with the master. "Guan Shu" is signed by the apprentice, the master and the introducer, each holding a collection. Most of the masters are owners, and some of them are experienced pliers masters in the iron industry. Most of the bamboo mud industry is controlled by the master. After the signing of Guan Shu, a ceremony was held to pay homage to the master. A pair of red candles were lit and the host sat down. The apprentice knelt on the red carpet and kowtowed to the master. The ironmaking industry uses ropes instead of carpets. After the ceremony, the introducer distributed red dates and longan to the teachers and brothers present to eat, which meant affinity. Then the apprentice will be led by the master to meet his mother and introduce his senior brothers and old workers. The apprentice carpenter must then pay tribute to Master Luban accompanied by his master. During the apprenticeship, the master will provide accommodation and issue a silver "monthly regulation" every month. In the first year, apprentices often work as handymen in the master's house. In the second year, if you accept a new apprentice, you will start to learn. Most apprentices stay in the master's house as assistants after their studies, and a few can "run the dock" to make a living by themselves with the master's consent. After liberation, apprentices continued to learn from teachers, but the ceremony was reformed, and the relationship between apprentices and apprentices was based on respecting teachers and loving apprentices.

Verb (short for verb) dismiss workers.

In the past, shopkeepers or owners were not restricted in firing workers. For long-term workers who have been employed for more than one year, the days of dismissal are generally chosen on the fourth day of the first lunar month, Dragon Boat Festival and Mid-Autumn Festival. On the fourth day of the first month, shops and workshops will hold ceremonies to receive the God of Wealth. If no one is asked to bow to the god of wealth, it means that someone has been fired. Haiyan Old Custom On August 15th, the shops and workshops had a dinner to eat ducks. When eating, the duck head on the table points at who, indicating who is fired. If more than one person is dismissed, the ducks will be slaughtered according to the number of dismissals. If you are not prepared to fire someone, all the ducks on the table will be beheaded.

Sixth, engage in teacher work.

In the old society, when the apprentice was due, the master had to give him half a pair or a pair of tools, and the apprentice had to work for the master for three or four years, and he could get half his salary before he started. Commonly known as "companion", there is a folk saying that "three years in prison, four years with".

Seven, eat tea.

In the past, craftsmen's guild concept was very strong, and they could not cross industries. For example, carpenters who build houses are not allowed to make logs (barrels, pots, etc. ), and carpenters who make furniture are not allowed to make farm tools. Other industries are similar. Anyone who violates the rules will go to the teahouse to eat "tea", and the tea money will be paid by the offending party.

Eight, building beam

Also known as "beam throwing". When you build a beam, you will hold "Liang Jiu" and be "Liang jiaozi". Relatives and friends brought fish cakes to congratulate them. On the beam, the beam tied HongLing, stick red paper. The carpenter sang "Song of the Beam" while climbing the beam: "Go up the escalator, climb the willows and pick the peaches. Xiantao picks, fans will laugh, and the immortals will burn high. ..... "Firecrackers were set off again, and" Liang jiaozi "was thrown. Everyone scrambled for it, and the winner thought it was a good thing. Liang Bi, eat Liang Jiu and break up happily. This custom has continued to this day, and not many people only sing "Song of Shangliang", but also changed it to "Shangliang Tuanzi" to buy meat buns in dim sum shops. Gifts from relatives and friends. Someone chased a live pig with red paper on it.