Forty pastoral poems.

Author Fan Chengda

content

During the day, in the wild, at night,

The children in the village are responsible for their own affairs.

Children and grandchildren ⑤ Unsolved ⑤ is (g) ⑤ Agricultural weaving,

Learn to plant melons beside mulberries and shade.

To annotate ...

1. Miscellaneous interests: various interests

2. Farming: weeding in the fields.

3. Hemp: Twist hemp into thread or rope.

4. Responsible for each other: Everyone has certain family responsibilities.

5. Unsolved: I don't understand; I don't know

6. Provide: engage and participate.

7. Next: near.

8. Mulberry shade: the shade of mulberry trees.

Tilling during the day, numb at night,

Weeding during the day and twisting fine hemp at night,

The children in the village are responsible for their own affairs.

The men and women in the village have their own responsibilities at home.

Children and grandchildren have not been liberated to engage in farming and textile,

Children know nothing about farming and weaving.

And learn to grow melons in the shade of mulberry trees.

I also learned to grow melons and play in the shade of mulberry trees like adults.

① Four-season pastoral feeling: In his later years, the poet wrote a group of 60 poems with four-season pastoral feeling, which were divided into five groups: early spring, late spring, summer, autumn and winter, and each group had 12 poems. It's all about rural life. Here is a poem "Summer". ② Fan Chengda (A.D.1126-1193), a soldier of Wu in Pingjiang (now Wuxian, Jiangsu), was a poet in the Southern Song Dynasty. ③ weeding: weeding. ④ Hemp rope performance: Twisting hemp rope or twine. ⑤ Responsible: Responsible for housework. This refers to the productive and labor tasks of the family. 6 children and grandchildren: refers to children. ⑦ Unsolved: I don't understand. 8. support: support. Here refers to "participation" and "input". Pet-name ruby near. Attending Mulberry Shade: Shade under Mulberry.

With simple language and subtle description, this poem enthusiastically praises the intense and busy working life of farmers. The first two sentences, rural men plow and women weave, working day and night, show the poet's sympathy and respect for the working people. The last two sentences vividly describe the rural children's participation in the labor they can, and show their praise for the rural children who love labor. The image of children described in the poem is innocent and lovely. The whole poem has an overview and close-ups, reflecting the situation of rural men, women and children participating in labor from different aspects, and has a strong flavor of life.

Description: Farmers are very busy in summer, weeding in rice fields during the day and rubbing hemp thread at night. There is no free time during the day and night. Every man and woman in the countryside has a job. Whether it's ploughing, spinning, farm work or housework, everyone has his own duties and can't be idle. Although young, children do not understand farm work, but also like adults, learned to plant melons under mulberry trees.

Southern Song Dynasty

Author Fan Chengda

Content early summer season

Plums are golden, apricots are fat,

The wheat is gray and the cauliflower is thin.

No one crossed the long fence,

Only dragonflies and butterflies can fly

[Notes]

1 fertilizer: refers to meat quality.

Plum: The fruit of plum tree is ripe in summer and can be eaten.

3 wheat flower: buckwheat flower. Buckwheat is a kind of food crop, which can be sown in spring and autumn, and its growth period is very short. Flowers are white or reddish, and fruits are ground into powder to eat.

4 fence fall: fence. Something covered with bamboo or branches.

5.jiá butterfly: Butterfly.

6 cauliflower: rape flower.

Seven: only.

8 None: None.

[Modern Translation]

A plum tree becomes golden, and the apricots grow bigger and bigger; Buckwheat flowers are white and rape flowers are sparse. After a long time, the farmers were busy working in the fields and didn't go home until noon. No one walked in front of the door. Only dragonflies and butterflies fly around the fence.

[Appreciation]

This poem is about the rural scenery of Jiangnan in early summer. In the poem, plums are yellow, apricots are fat, wheat is white, and cauliflower is sparse, which describes the characteristics of rural scenery in the south in summer, with rich flowers and fruits and tangible colors. The third sentence of the poem describes the situation of farmers' labor from the side: in early summer, farmers are busy with farming, so they go out early and return late, so they rarely see pedestrians during the day. The last sentence uses "only dragonflies and butterflies are flying" to set off the silence in the village, which makes it even quieter.

1 ~ 2: Plum and apricot are plump, while wheat and cabbage are sparse and colorful. 3~4 sentences: the days are long and the people are sparse, dragonflies fly and butterflies dance to set off the silence.