Seeking the genealogy of Temujin (Genghis Khan) and the origin of clan migration

(1). There are four main types of Mongolian surnames:

(1) with the name of the tribe as the surname:

The Secret History of Mongolia records that Richard Temujin, the ancestor of Genghis Khan1/world, once captured a female prisoner. Adam Han? The female prisoner's real name is Wu Lianghe, the tribe name is Adam Han, and the tribe name is Zagreb Chiuti. In Mongolian, "truth" means women and "evil" means men. If they are harmonious, they are male prisoners.

The order of Mongolian names is: surname, first name and ethnic group. For example, Zasak and Taiji in the flags of Harqin area in eastern Inner Mongolia are all surnamed Wu, because the seventh Sun Hetong, one of the "four outstanding men" under Genghis Khan, the founder of Harqin, was named after the first word of this tribe.

In the account of Genghis Khan on the first page of the first volume of Yuan History, his surname was directly recorded as "Temujin, surnamed Qi Wuwen." "Qiwo Wen" is also written as "Qiyan", which is the name of the tribe to which Genghis Khan belongs. Today, all the strange surnames in Erdos area of Inner Mongolia come from this place. When describing the Tatar tribe in Collection of History, Mongolian historian Raster said, "Anyone from this tribe is called bald black if he is a man, and bald black if he is a woman".

(2) take the name of the clan as the surname;

The surnames of Zasak and Taiji established by the descendants of Genghis Khan's second brother in Horqin, Guoerluosi, Durbert, Zalaite and other places are all Bao, which originated from Bajin (also known as Borzijit, with the family name as the first surname; East Tumote, who originally lived in Zhuosotumeng in eastern Inner Mongolia, has the same meaning in Mongolian.

(3) Take the ancestors' names as surnames;

Mongolians prefer to take the names of prominent ancestors as surnames. The prime minister of Yuan Dynasty originally belonged to Ji surname, and later generations thought it was Ji surname, such as Ni in Yuan Dynasty and Buhua in Ming Dynasty. Among modern people, Gadamer, a national hero, was born in the left wing of Horqin, Inner Mongolia. His ancestor was named, and later he took the word "Mo" as his surname, homophonic "Meng", so Gadamer's Chinese name was Meng Qingshan. The distant ancestor of Fougere Te, the agent of Prince in Guoerluosiqi, Inner Mongolia, is Wu Lianghe, whose real name is Wu or Wu, but the descendants of Fougere Te have changed their surname to "Fu". This kind of surname change is more common in eastern Inner Mongolia.

(4) Taking a special name in history as the surname;

It is a common phenomenon among Mongolians to take a special name as the surname, instead of the surname of the tribe or clan or the satellite of the father's surname. When the ancient Mongols went to war, their families and luggage were called "Oulu", so these people left behind took "Oulu" as their surname, which was later simplified to "Ao". In the Yuan Dynasty, anyone who was demoted into the Mongolian army had to add the word "Mongolia" to his surname and then simplify it to "Mongolia". In the Ming Dynasty, emperors often gave Mongolians their surnames. For example, in the ninth year of Hongwu (A.D. 1376), Mongols attached it to You, giving it the name "Huozhuang"; Guanyin Bao, a Mongolian, belonged to the Ming Dynasty in the sixteenth year of Hongwu (AD 1383) and was named "Li Guan"; The ugly donkey of the Mongols belonged to the Ming Dynasty in the 21st year of Hongwu in Ming Dynasty (AD 1388) and was given the name "Li Xian" and so on. These surnames later became the surnames of some Mongolians.

⑤ Take the Han surname as the surname:

When the Han surname is the main surname, it is translated into the Han surname according to Mongolian semantics. The literal translation is as follows: Mongolian "Sila" means "Huang" and is translated into Huang surname; "Chagan" means "white" and is translated into a white surname; "Hu He" means "blue" and is translated into blue surname; "alatan" means "Jin", which translates into Jin surname, etc. Others take homophonic Chinese characters as surnames, for example, if the father's surname is Bo Yan, the homophonic "Bai" of "Bai" is taken as the surname; If the father's name is "fire friend red", the homonym "fire" of "fire friend red" is taken as the surname. Some Mongolians use China's surname directly.

2. The characteristics of Mongolian names:

Mongolian names reflect the characteristics of Mongolian culture, historical tradition, lifestyle and religious customs.

(1) named after animals:

Mongolian men like to name brave and vigorous animals, such as Aslan (lion), Balsi (tiger), Albuquerque (deer), Tory (eagle), Getu (falcon) and Malal (deer). Mongolians are proud of their bravery, so they like strong and fierce animals, most of which are named after tigers. They often add some adjectives before the word tiger, such as Harabat (Hei Hu), Prabhat (yellow tiger), Ulabat (red tiger), Ai babat (male tiger) and Maubat (evil tiger). Buhua (ox) occupies an important position in Mongolian life, so many people use it to name it, such as timur Buhua (wrought iron ox), Hard Buhua (Taurus) and Chahan Buhua (white ox). These names reflect the Mongolian people's long-term economy and culture based on hunting and animal husbandry.

② Named after "Batu":

The Mongolian word "Batu" is literally translated as "stout", and different Chinese translation names include Badou, Ba Du, Bo Tu and Dubo. Mongolians like to add additional words after Batu, such as Batugar (strong hand), Batu and Tan (strong city) and Batubulin (both strong hands). In order to express the meaning of "firmness", there are also metals named after it, such as Aritan (gold), timur (iron), Xirimo (pig iron), Baolidao (steel) and Tukatmoore (iron). The name of Emperor Wenzong of the Yuan Dynasty was Tu timur, and the name of Emperor Taiding was Sun Ye Timur.

(3) Named after words of blessing and auspiciousness:

Mongolians like to name their children with words of blessing, auspiciousness and happiness. Such as Nasutu (Longevity), Yin Bao or Bo Yan (Blessing), Haobitu (Blessing), Wuliji bazar De (Auspicious), Jiri Gachao (Happiness), He Xige (Kindness), Baicang (Wealth), Fucang, etc. There are also auspicious numbers for naming children, such as "Izudai" (several) symbolizing abundance, which is endless and "also brings" (9) and so on; Some people simply name their grandfathers after their age, such as "Jilin Tai" (60), "Dalantai" (70) and "Naiyan" (80), hoping to live a long life.

4. Naming women with natural objects:

Mongolians like to name girls with stars, flowers, trees and jewels. Such as Na Ren (sun), Saren (moon), Auden (star), Qiqige (flower), Qimuge (stamen), Tana (pearl), Hasen (jade), watery (jade) and so on. There are also words symbolizing the fate of women, such as "Tribal Tiger Jiya" (the fate of a son) and "Duda Gula" (having a younger brother). Some are named after the month of birth.