Dragon Boat in Hunan

Dragon Boat Festival is the only traditional festival in China to commemorate the great poet Qu Yuan. The custom of rowing dragon boats, hanging Qingpu, eating zongzi and visiting relatives and friends has continued to this day. According to ancient documents, the dragon boat race in China began in Wuling, and Xupu was the seat of Wuling County in the Western Han Dynasty. Therefore, Xupu is the birthplace of China Dragon Boat Race, where many primitive and ancient folk customs are still preserved, attracting worldwide attention for its large scale and fierce competition. Xupu is Qu Yuan's exile, and Xupu people in past dynasties attached great importance to this lively and extraordinary festival. Since the beginning of the Eastern Han Dynasty, Ma Yuan Pingwuling, Xupu has formed the custom of taking the fifth day as the small Dragon Boat Festival and the fifteenth day as the big Dragon Boat Festival. The dragon boat was launched on the 5th, landed on the 15th, practiced hard on weekdays, and competed on the 14th and 15th for eleven days.

Every year in the late April of the lunar calendar, Xupu people begin to prepare for the Xupu Double Dragon Boat Festival. In ancient customs, "stealing materials" is an ancient custom of dragon boat racing in Wuxi. The source is that when building a dragon boat, the wood bought is stupid and the wood stolen is smart. Dragon boats should be smart, not stupid. Therefore, before the Dragon Boat Festival, people will steal materials in the middle of the night. Ethical material, if the owner of the wood finds out, will chase it and scold it, but that's what thieves can't wait for, because the thief runs in front and the owner of the wood chases after it, which means that others will chase the dragon boat race and naturally die. Therefore, there is a saying that "the dragon boat will be stolen, and there will be nine heads in ten races". Xupu called the dragon boat "Dragon Boat". The dragon boat in Xupu will be rowed from May 5th to May15th. Since Xupu Dragon Boat was launched on the fifth day of the fifth lunar month, it is usually trained alone in the river, and sometimes it will compete one-on-one with a single dragon boat. The official competition will be held on May 15. Therefore, we should readjust our strength by "clearing the radius". Anyone who gets on the dragon boat can't neglect at any time. If he is cleared, he will not only feel ashamed, but also be laughed at by his relatives and friends. Parents will think his face is irrelevant, and girls will look down on him.

The dragon boat in Dajiangkou Town of Xupu has followed the traditional folk customs for thousands of years, and still retains magnificent, exquisite and profound cultural heritage.

The wildness and fierceness of Hunan men! ! -Explain that all dragon boats in the country are inferior to Xupu, Hunan. Is Xupu's dragon boat a boat after all? The intensity of dragon boat in Xupu Dajiangkou is unique in China! Don't seek fame and fortune! There is no special competition, and the speed is free to play at the same time! Pay attention to the horn, gong, drum and suona, the melody is orderly and progressive, and the momentum is like a rainbow! ! ! 2-3 macho men who are the limelight have to pull each other's limelight into the water. Imagine the intensity! The crew used to drag you into the water. Don't seek fame and fortune! Complete the national Dragon Boat Festival leisure! Xupu Dajiangkou Dragon Boat Percussion Music is full of melody! The sailors sang in unison! Suona Tiechong is inspirational!

Photo: All the dragon boats line up and come slowly from Fushuiwan. Suona is playing a leisurely tone, and the neat paddles are paddling up and down, shouting "Climb-climb-climb" from time to time. )

(Voice-over: This is the dragon boat in Xupu, with a total length of 63.8 meters. There are 32 cabins, 48 rowers, 2 helmsmen, 3 scoops, 2 people sitting on the head, 2 people dancing the head flag, 2 people dancing the waist flag, 2 people playing drums, 2 people playing gongs, 1 person playing suona. If there is no faucet, the one sitting on the head is the faucet. Dovetail, 3.8 meters high. The rudder is alive, 5.8 meters long and has two pieces. )

(Photo: When the dragon boat rowed to the place where the water entered Yuan, shouts, guns, firecrackers and suona sounded together. All the rowers stood up and paddled with all their strength. All the dragon boats marched neatly, like a colorful flying carpet. The dragon boat slowed down and landed on the plow tip. Those sitting on their heads went ashore in turn and went to Quyuan Temple to worship Qu Yuan. Voice-over: Xupu Dragon Boat Festival was originally planned for the fifth day of May. Later, on May 15, I heard that Dr. Qu died in the Miluo River, and everyone carried the dragon boat down the river and rowed it again. In order to prevent the fish from eating Dr. Qu Yuan, everyone wrapped the zongzi and threw it into the river. then

March 13, to may 15. (Photo: Sacrifice to Qu Yuan. Cigarettes curled up. Taoist priests, like saints, hold Qu Yuan's coffin, burn incense and paper. )

(Recite the eulogy. Subtitle: Wei Renchen's auspicious day of the ecliptic is in the sun, by the Yuanjiang River and under the shadow of water. He is willing to race dragon boats and gongs and drums to contend, express people's grief and mourn Qu Zi's heroism. The chaos of the Seven Kingdoms is just like the drunkenness of Chu. Advice is not accepted, but trust South (rear) gold (business). Holding a halberd for millions, it was destroyed by Ying Ji. The raccoon industry has since withered. Searching up and down, thinking about the yin of Guizhou; worry

Anger and worry, you get the spirit of drowning. The hatred of wading in water, the difference between oranges and praises, the mystery of heaven, and the joy of Sao. Wandering in Xupu, melancholy in the sky. Open the ancestors of ten thousand generations of poetry and open the eternal farewell. Huai Jin holds the jade, and every word is the best. A great man in the world, a world elite. Flexion and injustice, anger and resentment. In this prosperous time, singing and dancing are peaceful. Orchid art strives for development, while Guangxi strives for innovation. Gongcheng pays tribute to the Chinese rejuvenation. It will be handed down to future generations forever, and cowpea will be fragrant. Shangyi )

(After the ceremony, the Taoist priest carried the coffin to the middle of the dock, inserted it on the river bank, burned incense and paper, and muttered something to himself. Shake your clothes, stroke your sleeves, pick up the cock, hold it high, pat the cock with its wings flapping and its head held high, take a knife, chop off the head of the chicken, and pour the chicken blood on the bow of the dragon boat respectively. At the same time, iron cannons, firecrackers, gongs and drums, and suona rang. The dragon boat slowly left the shore and entered the competition area. )

(Voice-over: Xupu Dragon Boat Race, with the village as the family unit, is a two-person race. Everyone paddles in his own boat with all his strength and can't give in. There has always been a saying that "home is recognized by the dragon boat". More than speed, more than strength. Compared with speed, two ships compete, and the fast boat has to bypass the bow of the slow boat to win; Strength, that is, the one on duty, can twist the other person's head into the water in the rushing army, and whoever enters the water first will lose. )

(Photo: The game begins. Voice-over: Now, we are the starting point and the end point of unification. Whoever gets to the finish line first wins. Daozhou (Hunan) dragon boats are divided into three categories: 1, Jinlong, Huanglong, Chilong, Bailong, Qinglong and Oolong. 2. Hu Jin, Huang Hu, Hong Hu, Bai Hu and Hei Hu. 3. The phoenix head is called Jinfengtou Dragon Boat. Among them, Jinlong is the most, and Jinfeng is the least.

The bow of Daozhou Dragon Boat has both artistic features and symbolic significance. Foreign dragon boats only have a unified "dragon head", while the dragon heads in Daozhou are tiger-shaped, phoenix-shaped, and a few cat-shaped and eagle-shaped. Dragon and tiger phoenix can be divided into two shapes: open mouth and closed mouth. Moreover, dragons are subdivided into Jinlong, Huanglong, Red Dragon, White Dragon, Qinglong and Oolong. Tigers are divided into Hu Jin, Huang Hu, Red Tiger, White Tiger and Hei Hu, and Phoenix has Red Phoenix (also known as Jinfeng). The dragon, tiger and crown made by us have different shapes, bright colors, fine and vivid carvings, beautiful shapes and great arts and crafts value.

There has always been a legend that the dragon boat will disembark in Daozhou. It is said that the dragon boat will disembark, and the children will follow it to the dragon boat. In fact, the dragon boat doll is a Dragon Boat Festival gift that adults buy for their children to make them happy. In the past, it was an ocean. Before liberation, it was specially made by two old masters. Later, when the old man died, the craft was going to be lost.

In 2002, Dao County was awarded the title of "Dragon Boat Town" by the provincial people's government.

In 2006, "Daozhou Dragon Boat Race" was included in the intangible cultural heritage list of the whole province.

In 2008, there were a total of 5 dragon boats 105 in Daoxian Dragon Boat Race, with more than 3,000 contestants from Daojiang Town, Shouyan Town and five suburban towns, including 2 traditional dragon boats 102 and 3 standard dragon boats.

Today, Daoxian Dragon Boat Race still retains the ancient tradition. Each dragon boat has a fixed name, and the bow is carved with different symbols such as dragon, tiger, phoenix, eagle and cat. Daozhou Dragon Boat Race is a folk activity, which has been regarded as one of the important activities to build the dragon boat culture industry in Daoxian County.

manufacturing process

Here is a brief introduction to the construction of "Minnan Dragon Boat" in Douxiang Village, Haicheng Town, Longhai City, Fujian Province.

Chinese fir and camphor wood are good wood for dragon boats. The hardest thing to build a big dragon boat is to find wood. Look for a whole piece of wood more than 25 meters long, cut it into 5 pieces and connect it to the bottom of the boat, so that the dragon boat will be strong. Such wood can only be found in deep mountains and forests, and the diameter of the tree head must reach 20 cm to meet the requirements.

In southern Fujian, dragon boats are usually the public property of natural villages. There is a saying in "house boat" that "build a boat in one day, and sail through the waves in a thousand days", which means that the built boat must be strong and beautiful in order to withstand the wind and waves. Therefore, shipbuilding is as important as building houses on the shore, and "courtesy" is not sloppy at all. Nailing the ship's planks is like laying the foundation stone for building a house. A "foundation stone laying ceremony" should be held, and offerings should be placed for worship. Especially in the important link of "making the finishing point", a grand ceremony must be held.

The dragon boat dragon head in southern Fujian is freehand and symbolic. The "dragon beard" of the dragon boat is a small square with gold paper folded into about 1 cm 2, which is tied on a folded red cloth strip to symbolize "dragon beard"; Fold a piece of red cloth into a triangle and nail it on the bow to symbolize the "dragon tongue"; Nail six dragon whiskers on the "dragon tongue" at equal distance, and it becomes a "dragon head".

Shipbuilders put three red strips of cloth and small squares of gold foil on the eye holes on both sides of the ship, and then nailed three "eye nails". From left to right, it represents clairvoyance, clairvoyance and Mazu respectively. Grandma Mazu protects the back of the temple, and clairvoyance and clairvoyance observe in front, and the order cannot be changed. Not only dragon boats, but also sailboats are nailed in this way, and some sailboats will also worship the goddess Mazu at the stern.

After these procedures were completed, the old people in the village put "three sacrifices" in front of the faucet and held incense to worship the faucet. Then, a villager walked around the dragon boat with a censer. This means that the unclean things on the dragon boat will be driven away and the dragon boat will become holy and aura. Then, set off firecrackers and burn gold paper, and the ceremony is over.

After six or seven days of hard work, the new dragon boat was completed. Later, the elderly with high status in the village were invited to put on long gowns and felt hats, and more than 70 strong laborers from the village were led to the shipyard to "invite boats". Everyone paddled the dragon boat back to the village. Every year on the fifth day of the fifth lunar month, dragon boats appear on the nearby rivers.