How should I raise my puppy?

What exactly is a vaccine? Except for professional veterinarians, it's hard for ordinary pet owners to say clearly. Everyone thinks that vaccine is a good medicine, but they don't know that vaccine is actually a weakened virus.

How does virus prevent dog and cat diseases? Isn't it tempting to inject healthy dogs and cats with viruses? Viruses used as vaccines are all specially cultured and technically treated, and their activity is far lower than that of normal viruses. When this vaccine virus invades dogs and cats, their bodies will develop resistance. Because the activity of vaccine virus is extremely low, the resistance of dogs and cats can overcome the virus, thus ensuring the health of dogs and cats.

Through the struggle of vaccine virus, the resistance is getting stronger and stronger. In the future, even if normal viruses invade cats and dogs, cats and dogs can cope freely.

Overview of vaccine types:

At present, there are many kinds of vaccines for dogs on the market, which can be divided into canine vaccines, cat vaccines and both dogs and cats vaccines. Commonly used are canine cough vaccine (Interway, Netherlands), canine six-vaccine (canine distemper, infectious hepatitis, adenovirus, parainfluenza, leptospira and parvovirus) (Interway, USA, Vic and France) and canine seven-vaccine (Interway, Netherlands).

Tips 1: Vaccine for cats: Triple vaccine for preventing feline plague, feline rhinotracheitis and feline calicivirus (Interway, Netherlands, Fudao, USA, Vic, France).

Dog and cat vaccine: rabies vaccine (Interway, Netherlands, Fudao, USA, Vic, France)

Tips2: At present, except for the seven-vaccine, which is 1 10 yuan/needle, the prices of other vaccines are all 60 yuan/needle (imported).

Make an immunization plan for your dog:

Vaccination should strictly follow the immunization plan formulated by animal doctors. Premature vaccination can not only protect the health of puppies, but also destroy the efficacy of maternal antibodies and have the opposite effect.

Puppy immunization program

Dog age

Need immunization

Nasal immunization with dog cough vaccine 30 days after birth

At 7-8 weeks old, dogs were given the first injection of six vaccines.

Dogs were born 1 1- 12 weeks, and the second six-vaccine injection was carried out.

The dog was born in 14- 15 weeks, and was injected with rabies vaccine for the third time.

After your dog goes through this immunization program, what he will do in the future is to inject a six-vaccine and a rabies vaccine every year to let the dog bid farewell to those threatening infectious diseases.

Tips 1: the first dose (cat triple) was given to cats at 3 months old, and the second dose was given 20 weeks later. Inject once a year from now on.

Tips2: Maternal antibody refers to the antibody obtained from the mother and colostrum of newborn puppies. Maternal antibodies can ensure the resistance of puppies to diseases for a period of time after birth. When the maternal antibody disappears, it is necessary to vaccinate the puppies.

Can domestic vaccines and imported vaccines be mixed?

If the dog can't find the brand vaccine used in the first immunization during the second immunization, can it be replaced with other brands of vaccines? The answer is yes. Even if the imported vaccine is used for the first immunization, if the same vaccine cannot be found for the second immunization, the domestic vaccine can be used for immunization. Because the virus of the same disease is the same in China and America.

Why don't you get the vaccine according to your weight?

If you pay attention to the observation, you will find that the doctor always uses a dose for puppies of large dogs such as St. Bernard and Great White Bear, or puppies of small dogs such as Bomei and Chiva. Why don't you determine the dose according to your weight? In fact, no matter how big or small dogs are, only one dose of vaccine is injected at a time. Because each dose of vaccine contains the same virus and the body produces the same number of antibodies, the dose of vaccine has nothing to do with weight.

Can pregnant bitches be vaccinated against puppies?

It is absolutely forbidden to vaccinate pregnant bitches, otherwise it may lead to miscarriage of bitches. Animals have high antibodies when they are pregnant, so they generally don't suffer from infectious diseases and don't need to be vaccinated.

Is vaccination dangerous for dogs?

Usually, vaccination is not dangerous to dogs, but it is life-threatening for dogs to be vaccinated in a disease state. Therefore, before vaccination, be sure to ask a veterinarian to check your dog's health.

It is normal for animals to have elevated body temperature, listlessness, loss of appetite and pain after vaccination, and generally it will pass in 24 hours. However, when itching and facial swelling occur, it is allergic. You should go to the hospital for desensitization injections.

The best way to stop wrong behavior is to stop it in time at the first time. Although you can't fully understand the dog's mind, you can still predict what it will do next. For example, when it starts chewing, imagine what it prefers to chew. The expensive leather shoes you just bought smell very fragrant, and they are even more exciting to chew-dogs will have a strong interest in shoes, and as long as you put them where their paws can reach them, they will immediately pick them up and study them. Smart owners will naturally put their shoes in a safe place to stop dogs from chewing.

As social animals, dogs will become depressed or unruly if they are forced to cut off their social ties. When he is alone for a long time, he may sabotage or scream at home. Dog behavior experts believe that a barking dog should not be alone for more than 12 hours a day unless you can control its barking.

It must be difficult at first to teach the puppy to urinate regularly and prevent everyone from stepping on mines everywhere at home, because the puppy's reproductive and urinary systems are not perfect, and it can't be controlled anytime and anywhere when playing crazy. Besides, it can't understand people. You don't understand a word you say. If you hit it with a newspaper and tell it to smell urine and poop, it will cause its fear and hurt its young mind, but it will hurt it for life.

Therefore, teaching puppies to defecate regularly is definitely a subject that novice parents must learn, as follows:

First find a place where you want to train it to go to the toilet at a fixed point, such as the toilet, balcony or any corner of the house.

Next, if a worker wants to do a good job, he must sharpen his tools first. Most people use newspapers to train dogs to go to the toilet, that is, spread a wide newspaper, dip a little of its urine on it and pay close attention to its movements. Once you find it has a bowel movement, immediately induce it to go to the newspaper office and encourage it as soon as you set foot on the newspaper office. Over and over again, it will know that you want it to report to the toilet on paper.

Use a two-and-a-half-foot cage to remove four sides, leaving only the bottom of the plate.

First of all, you should observe what it does before urinating, such as whether it can turn around. Smell that? Then find a lucky day to accompany him, preferably before and after he eats, because dogs usually want to pee and poop at this time.

You can give it plenty of water first, then stay with it and wait for the opportunity. It won't be long before it wants to go to the toilet. If you don't want to go to the bathroom, just play by yourself.

Never mind, let it play for a while first. But pay close attention to its every move.

The dog is too nervous to defecate in public. Guan Xinyan is so embarrassed (Figure)

Going to the urinal on the side and stepping on the road to play, it feels very fresh. The newspaper in the urinal has a little urine, I hope I can smell it. The same is true for poop. You can put a short paragraph in the newspaper. We should constantly induce him to stand up when he pees or smells, so that he has a greater chance to pee on it, because he won't know that we want him to pee on it at first, but if he can catch the moment when he wants to squat down, we will exaggerate and encourage him.

Here's your chance! After playing for a while, I finally couldn't help it, and immediately squatted on the bedpan (if it isn't on the bedpan at this time, I should say "no" or "no" to it immediately and pick it up immediately). At this time, you should say something like "good boy, good boy" in an exaggerated tone, touch his head or give him some snacks to let him know that you will be very happy.

What is important is that in the next few days, it is best to spend some time with him before and after meals and master the above essentials. After repeated times, he will definitely learn to pee and poop on it. As long as he gets the hang of it and is patient, he can actually teach it soon.

It is better for novice parents to spend more time at first than to always clean up the mess later. But remember, even if the puppy learns to urinate in a fixed place, it may still be "wrong" because it is too late, so don't be too hard on it. This problem can be improved when you get older and the urinary system is mature.

How to manage 2 ~ 8 months old puppies?

During the period from weaning to 8 months old, the management should be meticulous and thoughtful. The owner should feed the puppies personally every time, especially the puppies that have just been bought or adopted from the market. The owner should be close to them, and feeding is the best way to build feelings.

In the process of feeding, we should pay attention to the dog's feeding status and appetite, and take corresponding measures at any time. If there is feed left in the feeding basin, it means that there is too much food or the dog is sick. At this time, the amount of food should be reduced or the veterinarian should be consulted immediately. If the puppy continues to lick in the empty food bowl and looks at the owner with expectant eyes, it means that the puppy is not full and should be fed more food. However, it should be noted that the digestive function of puppies is not perfect, so it is not suitable to be overfed to avoid indigestion. Generally speaking, 80% full is better. Prevent puppies from overeating or not eating enough. When multiple dogs are kept together, it is necessary to prevent individual puppies from eating too much, which leads to other puppies not eating or not eating enough.

In addition, we should pay attention to changing the padding regularly, increasing or decreasing the padding with the change of seasons, and cultivate puppies to develop good living habits, such as defecation at regular intervals. Take the dog to exercise every day, keep the kennel clean, regularly carry out deworming and preventive injection, and castrate, cut off the tail and repair the ears if necessary.

Puppy breeding -8 months old

8-month-old dogs are basically close to adult dogs, and their bodies are no longer tall, but their weight can increase by 15-20%. The food composition of an 8-month-old dog is roughly as follows: What are the risks of skiing? 5%, carbohydrate feeds such as rice and bread account for 35%, fat feeds such as cream and vegetable oil account for about 5%, vegetables account for about 5%, and minerals and vitamins are appropriate. The above ingredient feeding method is to cook the meat and mix it with rice, bread, vegetables and other ingredients to make vegetable soup. An 8-month-old dog can be fed twice a day in the morning and evening.

Raise puppies 6-7 months old.

The food intake of puppies aged 6-7 months is gradually increasing, and the daily feeding amount should be increased accordingly, but the frequency can be reduced to 2-3 times. In addition, the food composition of dogs aged 6-7 months is the same as that of dogs aged 4-5 months, but it needs to be adjusted according to their growth and development. If the puppy is overweight, reduce carbohydrate and fatty food, increase the content of protein and vegetables accordingly, and increase the amount of exercise. If the dog is too thin, add carbohydrates, fat and protein food, such as flour, rice, steamed bread, meat and milk.

Puppy breeding -5 months old

The food composition of 5-month-old puppies is basically the same as that of 4-month-old puppies, but the content of carbohydrate foods such as rice, bread and beans should be appropriately increased. At the same time, a small amount of vegetable oil should be added to the feed to improve the content of protein feed. At the same time, salt, Va Vd, vegetables and other substances can maintain the original level.

Puppy breeding -4 months old

On the basis of 3-month-old puppy feed formula, a proper amount of broken bread and a small amount of potatoes can be added to improve the dog's digestive ability. For 4-month-old puppies, the feeding frequency can be reduced to 3 times, but the daily feeding amount should be increased.

Puppy breeding -3 months old

The food composition of 3-month-old puppies is basically the same as that of 2-month-old puppies. Lean meat, rice, milk and vegetables are still the main foods, but a small amount of beef liver and pig liver can be added to increase the degree that dogs do not have diarrhea. At the age of 3 months, the dog's bone development gradually becomes faster. At this time, the feed of bone meal, Va and Vd should be gradually increased, otherwise it will affect the dog's growth and development, and rickets may occur.

How to take care of a puppy that has not been weaned (Figure)

Why does the puppy vaccine have coronavirus antigen?

Emergency treatment of puppies

Parents of puppy kindergartens in Taiwan Province Province should accompany them (Figure)

Puppy breeding -2 months old

2-month-old puppies began to live independently, so the feeding ingredients at this stage are high protein, fat, lactose and cellulose, and the feed raw materials are mainly lean meat, milk, rice, eggs and vegetables. The feeding amount of puppies should be determined according to the dog's weight, and the feeding times should be 4 times, and it is not easy to overdo each time. It is better for dogs to eat satisfactorily, with no surplus, and eight points full. Some people set the diet standard for this month-old dog as 200 grams of lean meat, 300 grams of goat milk, 200 grams of eggs 1, 200 grams of rice, 200 grams of vegetables, salt, bone meal or Vd, which can be used as a reference for the majority of dog lovers. The feeding principle of 2-month-old puppies is regular and quantitative, and the food formula cannot be changed at will.

How to care for puppies?

Puppies have poor physical resistance and relatively low physiological function after birth, so it is necessary to do a good job of nursing. Puppy care mainly includes the following four aspects:

The temperature regulation function of thermal insulation and compression puppies is poor, so temperature is the key to improve the survival rate of puppies. Temperature requirement: keep it at about 32℃ in the first week, and then drop it by 3℃ every week until the fourth week. In addition, puppies have no vision or hearing, poor mobility, and are easily crushed by bitches. Care should be taken to prevent puppies from being crushed.

Feeding colostrum is rich in nutrition and has the ability to gain weight, resist disease and stop diarrhea. Therefore, it is the key to improve the survival rate of puppies by feeding them enough colostrum to gain acquired immunity. In order to feed enough colostrum, pups should also be fixed with nipples and special care should be given to weak dogs.

Breastfeeding and timely feeding can not only supplement the shortage of breast milk, but also enable puppies to establish their own eating habits. Breastfeeding is very important for the growth and development of puppies when they are 2 weeks old.

Do a good job in artificial lactation and lactation. When the bitch dies postpartum, has no milk, gives birth to too many babies or lacks lactation, she should do her best.

What are the characteristics of puppy growth and development?

A puppy is a dog from birth to 45 days old. Considering the growth and development, puppies mainly have the following two characteristics:

With the gradual improvement of various physiological functions, naturally born cubs have locked their eyes and ear canals and cannot live independently. After 10 day old, the eyes and ear canal of the pups are opened one after another, and they begin to have the ability to bear and distinguish things from the external environment, and then they can gradually stand and walk, showing accurate positioning reflex to external stimuli and forming defensive reflex.

Puppies grow and develop rapidly, and their digestive organs are underdeveloped after birth. However, due to the high nutritional level of breast milk, puppies grow and develop rapidly, with an average daily gain of about 30 ~ 50g.

How to choose a dog for the first time

The following aspects can be considered:

1, breed I introduced the identification points of many kinds of dogs, and you can choose according to your own preferences. The size of the housing area should also be considered. It should be selected according to the purpose and characteristics of the variety.

2. Older puppies should be adopted after weaning. Puppies can quickly adapt to the environment, establish a strong friendship with their owners, and are easy to form.

3. Male dogs are active and brave, but the training time is long; Bitches are docile and easy to train, but getting pregnant and giving birth every year will increase trouble.